scholarly journals Impact of COVID-19 infection on pregnant women: literature review

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 927
Author(s):  
Ghadah Mohammed Alasbi ◽  
Afaf Mohammad Saad ◽  
Nada Jamal Abdulqader ◽  
Sulaiman Hemdi Laimooniah ◽  
Fatimah Falah Aldajani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Risk Groups ◽  
Management Plan ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
Best Management ◽  
Pregnant Females ◽  
Virulent Strains ◽  
Women Literature ◽  
Severe Infections

SARS-CoV-2 infection in high-risk groups is associated with high mortality and morbidity. Pregnant females are considered one of these cases. More studies are needed to understand how the virus affects the complication rate in these cases and what is the best management plan. Hence, this study was conducted to stand on the real incidence and complications of COVID-19 in pregnancy. Databases like PubMed, Medline, Web of science, Embase, Google scholar, and Scopus were searched using the following search terms “severe acute respiratory syndrome of coronavirus-2” or “SARS-CoV-2” or “COVID-19” or “coronavirus” and “pregnant” or “neonate” or “pregnancy” transplacental transmission” or “placental transmission” or “vertical transmission” or intrauterine or perinatal. Pregnant women are not considered high-risk groups for COVID-19 infections as it was found that the risk of complication in COVID-19 patients was similar to non-infected patients. However, virulent strains of the virus had caused severe infections and complications. The study lacked a clear plan for the management of the virus in pregnant females.

scholarly journals Comparação da Aplicação da EER Hema-Obs a 250 Gestações da Consulta de Hematologia-Obstetrícia do Centro Hospitalar São João, Portugal Versus EER Galit Sarig a 90 Gestações no Rambam Health Care Campus, Israel

2015 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 189
Author(s):  
Ana Salselas ◽  
Inês Pestana ◽  
Francisco Bischoff ◽  
Mariana Guimarães ◽  
Joaquim Aguiar Andrade
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Risk Stratification ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Receiver Operating Characteristic ◽  
Operating Characteristic ◽  
Characteristic Curve ◽  
Risk Groups ◽  
Low Risk ◽  
Very High ◽  
Receiver Operating

<strong>Introduction:</strong> Pregnant women with thromboembolic diseases, previous thrombotic episodes or thrombophilia family history were supervised in a multidisciplinary Obstetrics/ Hematology consultation in Centro Hospitalar São João EPE, Porto, Portugal. For the evaluation and medication of these women, a risk stratification scale was used.<br /><strong>Purposes:</strong> The aim of this study was to validate a Risk Stratification Scale and thromboprophylaxis protocol by means of comparing it with a similar scale, developed and published by Sarig.<br /><strong>Material and Methods:</strong> We have compared: The distribution, by risk groups, obtained through the application of the two scales on pregnant women followed at Centro Hospitalar São João, Porto, Portugal, consultation; the sensibility and specificity for each one of the scales (DeLong scale, applied to Receiver Operating Characteristic) curves; the outcomes in pregnancies followed in Hospital São João, Porto, Portugal<br /><strong>Results:</strong> According to our Hema-Obs risk stratification scale, 29% were allocated to low-risk, 47% to high-risk and 24% to very-high-risk groups. According to Galit Sarig risk stratification scale, 24% were considered low-risk, 53% moderate, 16% high-risk and 7% as very high-risk group. In our study we observed 9% of spontaneous abortions, in comparison with 18% in the Galit Sarig cohort. From the application of Receiver Operating Characteristic curve to both risk stratification scales, the results of the calculated areas were 58,8% to our Hema-Obs risk stratification scale and 38,7% to Galit Sarig risk stratification scale, with a Delong test significancie of p = 0.0006.<br /><strong>Conclusions:</strong> We concluded that Hema-Obs risk stratification scale is an effective support for clinical monitoring of therapeutic strategies.

scholarly journals A Seroprevalence Study for HBV in Pregnant Women in Greece: High Risk Migrant Groups and Opportunities for Intervention

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anagnostatou N ◽  
◽  
Hatzidaki E ◽  
Galanakis E ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Health Planning ◽  
Action Plan ◽  
Perinatal Care ◽  
Risk Groups ◽  
Quality Health Care ◽  
Roma Population ◽  
Seroprevalence Data ◽  
Migrant Groups

Background: Perinatal transmission of HBV leads to chronic infection in up to 90% of neonates. Focused prenatal screening and appropriate treatment of pregnant women and neonates is necessary for the elimination of hepatitis B, as was stated in the 2017 WHO Action Plan for HBV. Information on seroprevalence of HBV in Greece, especially in pregnant women, is scarce and rather outdated. Seroprevalence data specifically for high-risk groups, such as immigrants, is necessary for proper public health planning and elimination of vertical transmission and this study will struggle to fill the gap that exists in Greece. Methods: HBsAg status of pregnant women delivering during 2017 in Crete was studied. Seroprevalence was estimated for the whole population and each ethnic group separately. Results: The mean age of the participants was 30.38 (±6) years. Their origin was Greek (76.76 %), Albanian (10.18%), Bulgarian (3.79%), Roma population (2.44%), Russia and Former Republics of Russia (2.06%), Romanian (1.95%), Central Europe (0.70%) refugees from Syria, Morocco, Egypt (0.55%), and East Asian (0.43%). The HBsAg (+) seroprevalence was 1.5%. The seroprevalence of Greeks was 0.5%, while Albanians, Bulgarians, Romanians and Roma had 4.3%, 5.7%, 2.8%, and 11.1% respectively (p<0.001). Conclusions: Defining specific at-risk groups in each country is fundamental, since MTCT is the principal mode of transmission in high prevalence settings. Our study revealed high seroprevalence in certain migrant groups and Roma women. This information is essential for proper planning of perinatal care in Greece, especially taking into account that these underprivileged groups often lack quality health care.

Prevalence of infection by HTLV-I/II among pregnant women and high-risk groups in the Peloponnese peninsula, Greece

2006 ◽  
Vol 17 (8) ◽  
pp. 543-546 ◽  
Author(s):  
Parthenopi M Tseliou ◽  
Nicholas Spanakis ◽  
Anna Spiliotakara ◽  
Antonios Markogiannakis ◽  
Nicholas J Legakis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Risk Groups

Assessment of hemostasis in physiological pregnancy. Algorithms of examination in high risk groups. Guidelines (PROJECT), 2nd edition 

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
А.П. Момот ◽  
М.Г. Николаева ◽  
Г.В. Сердюк ◽  
А.Н. Мамаев ◽  
В.В. Романов ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Risk Groups ◽  
Thromboembolic Complications

Настоящие методические рекомендации представляют собой изложение алгоритмов исследования системы гемостаза у беременных при физиологическом течении беременности и в группах риска по развитию гестационных и тромбоэмболических осложнений и акушерских кровотечений. These guidelines are the summary of algorithms for the study of hemostasis in pregnant women during the physiological pregnancy and in risk groups for the development of gestational and thromboembolic complications and obstetric hemorrhages.

Neuroimmunology of stressful pregnancy

2020 ◽  
pp. 58-62
Author(s):  
S.I. Zhuk ◽  
◽  
O.D. Shchurevska ◽  
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Functional Activity ◽  
Risk Groups ◽  
Internally Displaced ◽  
Pregnancy Anxiety ◽  
Pregnancy And Childbirth ◽  
Immunological Mechanisms ◽  
Complicated Pregnancy

Nowadays, almost every woman is at high risk because of stress during pregnancy, but their nature, intensity, duration of exposure are different for each woman. Extremely high-risk groups are pregnant women living in conditions of military aggression, social and humanitarian crises. The period of reactive adaptation to stress in them is rapidly changing maladaptation. This is due to neuro-immunological mechanisms, which are further implemented in the complicated pregnancy and childbirth. The objective: is to establish the stressors effects on the function of the immune system of pregnant women and their possible role in the occurrence of complications of gestation. Materials and methods. To achieve this goal, we surveyed 78 pregnant women in the third trimester of pregnancy. They were divided into 2 groups: 1 group (main) – 42 pregnant women, displaced from Lugansk and Donetsk regions, 2 group – 36 pregnant women with physiological pregnancy. General clinical studies, psychological testing (Spielberger–Hanin scale) and immunological studies: population and subpopulation composition of blood lymphocytes using the method of indirect immunofluorescence using monoclonal antibodies CD3+, CD4+, CD4+, CD8+, CD8+ CD20 + and CD16 +, study of lymphocyte functional activity and determination of CIC were conducted. Results. Total lymphopenia and significant increase in the level of circulating immune complexes (CIC) were found in pregnant women of the 1 group (forcibly displaced). This indicates a state of marked suppression of immunity (lymphopenia), complicated pregnancy, susceptibility to infectious-inflammatory processes, severe course and prolonged convalescence. The number of lymphocytes was within the normative parameters in pregnant women of the second group. Activation of the number of T cells (CD4+, CD8+, CD16+), as well as their functional activity (RBTL) were found. Which points at the activation of the T-cells immunity type. Conclusions. The results of the study prove the immunosuppressive role of psychosocial factors in internally displaced women and the presence of stress-induced decompensation of the psychoneuroendocrine system in them. Keywords: psychoneuroimmunology, pregnancy, anxiety, women–forcibly displaced, stress.

scholarly journals Pregnant Women and Infants Infected with SARS-COV-2: A Brief Overview

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 92-95
Author(s):  
Omolbanin Delashoub ◽  
Salman Jafari ◽  
Mohammad Saleh Hajializadeh ◽  
Hamid Abdollahi ◽  
Reza Afzalipour
Keyword(s):  
Immune System ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Breast Milk ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Risk Groups ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Hormonal Changes ◽  
Pregnant Mother ◽  
First Case ◽  
Wide Range

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is now a global health concern and a wide range of people are at risk. Pregnant women are considered high-risk groups due to hormonal changes and weakness in the immune system. In the present study, the transmission of COVID-19 from mother to fetus and infection of children under the age of 10 with this virus were discussed. This study tries to investigate whether the coronavirus can be transmitted from a pregnant mother to her fetus and whether the virus can be transmitted to the baby through breast milk. According to researchers, children under the age of 10 do not get the disease; however, the first case of a baby with coronavirus was reported in Mashhad, Iran, based on the world’s up-to-date studies and the perceptions of medical experts.

scholarly journals 1261. Alarming High Rate of HIV Detected by Testing and Prevention Opportunities: Observations From the Largest HIV Program in Liberia

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. S454-S454
Author(s):  
Onyema Ogbuagu ◽  
Ian Watchekwa ◽  
Sean Donato ◽  
Cecilia Nuta ◽  
Lydia A Barakat
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Hiv Testing ◽  
Risk Groups ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Case Detection ◽  
Hiv Disease ◽  
Detection Rates ◽  
Testing Data

Abstract Background HIV/AIDS remains one of the world’s most significant public health challenges. Sub-Saharan Africa is home to only 12% of the world’s population, yet accounts for 71% of the global burden of HIV infection. While the HIV prevalence among reproductive aged Liberians (age 15–49 years) is estimated at 1.9%. As the critical first step in HIV disease management is detection of cases, it is important to optimize HIV testing particularly among high-risk groups. Identifying these high-risk groups for HIV infection also provides information on prevention opportunities. We report on 5 year HIV testing data at a tertiary hospital in Monrovia, Liberia stratified by age and gender. Methods A single-center academic hospital-based retrospective analysis of HIV testing data over a period of 5 years (January 2014 to December 2018) obtained from the Infectious Disease Center (IDC) of John F. Kennedy Medical Center in Monrovia, Liberia. The IDC has a peer-led counseling program on site and offers HIV testing daily. Data on the study population (all individuals screened for HIV disease at the center) was extracted from ledgers and registries within the IDC. The following information was collected on all participants: age, sex, and pregnancy status. Positive test results are reported as simple proportions of either all patients or all individuals tested within the category reported. Results Over the 5-year study period, 41,343 individuals were screened for HIV disease including 2 key demographics - 7875 individuals aged 15–24 years and 24,913 pregnant women. 4,066 individuals were diagnosed with HIV (a case detection rate of 10%), and ranged from 7% (909/12821) in 2018 to 13% (678/5079) in 2014. Case detection rates for individuals aged 15–24 were 7%, 5%, 4%, 6% and 3% for years 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017 and 2018, respectively. From 2014–2018, 2–3% of all pregnant women tested were diagnosed with HIV infection. Almost three-quarters (74%) of diagnosed cases were subsequently enrolled in an HIV clinic. Conclusion A peer-led HIV testing program is effective in HIV case detection, with young individuals (aged 15–24 years) and pregnant women having higher case detection rates than expected. These findings highlight opportunities for HIV prevention targeting these high-risk groups. Disclosures All authors: No reported disclosures.

scholarly journals GAMBARAN PENGETAHUAN DAN SIKAP KADER TENTANG DETEKSI DINI REIKO TINGGI PADA IBU HAMIL DI WILAYAH PUSKESMAS PELAMBUAN BANJARMASIN

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sixtia Kusumawati
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Early Detection ◽  
Maternal Mortality ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Health Sector ◽  
Word Knowledge ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Business World ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
The Government

keseluruhan. Upaya percepatan penurunan angka kematian bayi dan angka kematian ibu, tentunya akan berhasil apabila melibatkan seluruh pemangku kepentingan baik unsur pemerintahan maupun unsur masyarakat dan dunia usaha. Bentuk peran serta masyarakat dalam bidang kesehatan adalah Posyandu yang dilaksanakan oleh kader. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana   gambaran pengetahuan dan sikap kader tentang cara  deteksi dini resiko tinggi pada ibu hamil di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Pelambuan Banjarmasin Tahun 2018. Jenis penelitian deskriptif dengan desain penelitian cross sectional. Jumlah sampel adalah 75. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan tingkat pengetahuan kader cara deteksi dini resti pada ibu hamil mayoritas berkategori   kurang   yaitu   sebanyak 50 orang (66,7%) dari 75 orang   responden. Dan mayoritas sikap kader tentang deteksi dini resti pada ibu hamil bersikap negatif yaitu sebanyak 40 orang (53.3%) dari 75 orang responden. Perlu adanya koordinasi dengan pihak-pihak terkait untuk memberikan edukasi kepada kader sehingga kejadian kegawatdaruratan pada ibu hamil dapat di deteksi secara dini.Kata kunci: Pengetahuan, sikap, kader, deteksi dini risiko tinggi, ibu hamil AbstractThe problem of maternal mortality and morbidity in Indonesia is a big problem for the whole nation. An efforts to accelerate the reduction of infant and maternal mortality rates will certainly succeed if it involves all stakeholders, both the government, society and the business world. The form of community participation in the health sector is Posyandu which carried out by cadres. The purpose of this research is to find a description of knowledge and attitudes of cadres on how early detection of high risk pregnant women in Puskesmas Pelambuan Banjarmasin 2018The research method used in this study was descriptive, cross sectional design. The number of samples is 75. The results of the study showed that the level of cadres knowledge regarding early detection of high risk in pregnant women was mostly categorized as less, namely as many as 50 people (66.7%) from 75 respondents. And the majority of cadre attitudes about early detection of high risk in pregnant women are negative, as many as 40 people (53.3%) of 75 respondents. It is necessary to conduct coordination with related parties to provide education to cadres so that emergency event in pregnant women can be detected early.Key word: Knowledge, Attitude, Cadre, Early detection of high risk, pregnant women

Suicide in Nógrád County, Hungary, 1970-1994

Crisis ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 64-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tamás Zonda
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Suicide Rate ◽  
Risk Groups ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Suicide Notes ◽  
Suicidal Intention ◽  
Male Female Ratio

The author examined completed suicides occurring over a period of 25 years in a county of Hungary with a traditionally low (relatively speaking) suicide rate of 25.8. The rates are clearly higher in villages than in the towns. The male/female ratio was close to 4:1, among elderly though only 1.5:1. The high risk groups are the elderly, divorced, and widowed. Violent methods are chosen in 66.4% of the cases. The rates are particularly high in the period April-July. Prior communication of suicidal intention was revealed in 16.3% of all cases. Previous attempts had been undertaken by 17%, which in turn means that 83% of suicides were first attempts. In our material 10% the victims left suicide notes. Psychiatric disorders were present in 60.1% of the cases, and severe, multiple somatic illnesses (including malignomas) were present in 8.8%. The majority of the data resemble those found in the literature.

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