scholarly journals Pattern of road traffic injuries among individuals attending a rural health training center in Tamil Nadu

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 226
Author(s):  
Gopinathan Samundeswari ◽  
Rajasekar Niranjan ◽  
Kumar Pradeep ◽  
Velavan Anandan ◽  
Anil J. Purty
Keyword(s):  
Rural Health ◽  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Training Center ◽  
Male Population ◽  
Health Training ◽  
Road Traffic Injuries

Background: Road traffic injuries (RTIs) are a leading public health problem. Approximately 1.3 million people die each year as a result of road traffic crashes as of June 2021. RTIs cause considerable economic losses to individuals, their families, and to nations as a whole. 93% of the world's fatalities on the roads occur in low-and middle-income countries. This study aimed to assess the pattern of RTIs among individuals attending a rural health training center in Tamil Nadu.Methods: The present study was a record based cross sectional study comprising of 113 patients who attended an outpatient department in rural health training center in Tamil Nadu from January 2021 to June 2021.We collected socio-demographic data (age and sex) and pattern of injuries from the database. We entered data in excel sheet and analyzed using SPSS version 21.0.Results: Mean (±SD) age of the patients was 34.2(±18.46) years. Most common pattern of injury was abrasion 98 (86.7%), followed by contusion 28 (24.8%) and laceration 14 (12.4%) respectively. Most RTIs required dressing 106 (93.8%) while 13 (11.5%) needed suturing.Conclusions: The present study showed that RTIs were more common in the younger male population. Abrasion was the most common type of injury reported. 

scholarly journals Epidemiology of Road Traffic Accidents and Injuries in Nigeria: A Protocol for Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samuel Osobuchi Ngene ◽  
Olatoun Adefunke Adeola ◽  
Chi-kadibia T Ukoma ◽  
Augustine Nwakuche Duru ◽  
Kayode Olaoluwa Olaniyan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Standard Error ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Road Traffic Accidents ◽  
Road Traffic Injuries ◽  
Pooled Prevalence ◽  
Registration Number

Abstract Background: About 1.35 million people die annually worldwide due to road traffic accidents. Road traffic injuries cause considerable economic losses to individuals, their families, and to nations as a whole. About 93% of the world's fatalities on the roads occur in low-and middle-income countries, even though these countries have approximately 60% of the world's vehicles. Road Traffic Accidents constitute the third leading cause of trauma related deaths in Nigeria. It is a substantial public health problem that deserves a systematic review.Methods and Analysis: We developed a search strategy using MeSH, text words and entry terms. Nine databases will be searched, including PubMed, African Journal Online, Embase, Google Scholar, Scopus, Cochrane Library, CINAHL, Web of Science and ResearchGate. Only observational studies, retrievable in the English language will be included. The primary outcome is prevalence of road traffic injuries in Nigeria. The secondary outcomes include proportion of road traffic accidents in Nigeria, patterns, predictors and consequences of road traffic accidents in Nigeria. Identified studies will be screened and selected based on inclusion criteria using Rayyan QCRI screening tool, by independent reviewers with dual blinding. Data items will be extracted into predefined forms in Microsoft Excel before exporting to CMA version 3 for analysis. Every selected study will have their NIH quality scores and Cochrane risk of bias reported. Studies will be assessed for methodological and statistical heterogeneity. Publication bias will be assessed using Funnel Plots and test of asymmetry. Results will include forest plots, pooled prevalence with standard error, variance, relative weights assigned to studies and heterogeneity test. Further analysis will include subgroup analysis and meta-regression using both categorical and quantitative variables.Discussion: This protocol will enable a transparent, accurate and reliable method for determining pooled prevalence, standard error and 95% CI of road traffic injuries in Nigeria. Patterns and outcomes of RTA in Nigeria will also be assessed. Evidence generated by this protocol will likely inform policy on prevention of RTA in NigeriaTrial Registration Number: This protocol is registered with PROSPERO, with registration number CRD42021226956.

scholarly journals A study on validity of Indian Diabetes Risk Score for screening of diabetes mellitus among rural adult population at Rural Health Training Centre, Bhouri, under Department of Community Medicine

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (12) ◽  
pp. 5295
Author(s):  
Garima Namdev ◽  
Vinod Narkhede
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Rural Health ◽  
Risk Score ◽  
Screening Tool ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Diabetes Risk ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Training Centre ◽  
Health Training ◽  
Diabetes Risk Score

Background: Diabetes mellitus is a major public health problem in India and many of them remain undetected throughout years. This scenario becomes worse in rural setup where limited heath care facilities are available. So, to detect risk of diabetes earlier, Indian diabetes risk score (IDRS) is to be used. There is also various socio demographic and anthropometric factors associated with the risk of occurring diabetes. The aims and objectives of the study were to study the validity of IDRS method as a screening tool in community as well as to determine the association of IDRS with socio demographic factors and body mass index (BMI).Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted on 270 study participants at rural health training centre (RHTC) for a period of around 7 months. All of them were being measured weight, height, waist circumference and calculated BMI. Along with it, they were categorized by applying IDRS method and measured blood sugar by glucometer also.Results: Out of 270 study subjects, 29% found to have high score. By applying IDRS, at score > 60, we found 32% sensitivity and 97% specificity. A statistically significant association of IDRS with age, gender, religion, socioeconomic status (SES), education, occupation and BMI was seen.Conclusions: In present study, IDRS method proved to be a good screening tool for detecting diabetes mellitus at rural set up with minimum cost.

First-aid Training and Bystander Actions at Traffic Crashes — A Population Study

2002 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 134-141 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eva M. Larsson ◽  
Niklas L. Mártensson ◽  
Kristina A.E. Alexanderson
Keyword(s):  
Road Traffic ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
First Aid ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Traffic Crashes ◽  
Traffic Crash ◽  
The Public ◽  
Lay Persons ◽  
First Aid Training ◽  
The Impact

AbstractIntroduction:Traffic crashes constitute a major, worldwide public-health problem that cause disabilities, life-long suffering, and huge economic losses. When a person is injured in a traffic crash, actions taken by bystanders often are of crucial importance. To perform first-aid actions in a correct manner, bystanders, often lay persons, need both the courage and the knowledge to do so. For preventive purposes, society spends large resources to inform and educate the public in order to enhance people's ability to take correct actions. However, there only is little information on the rate in a population of persons who have had first-aid training, have been bystanders at a traffic crash, on the actions taken by such persons, and on effects of first-aid training on patient care.Objective:The aim of this study was to acquire knowledge about: (1) the prevalence of first-aid training; (2) the incidence of being a bystander and of the first aid provided at traffic crashes and other emergencies; and (3) the impact of first-aid training on the risks people take in road traffic.Methods:A questionnaire was administered to 2,800 randomly selected persons aged 18–74 years.Results:The response rate was 67.5%. During the previous five years, 39% of the population had received first-aid training, with a higher rate among younger individuals and those with a higher education. After training, 30% of the respondents had used their skills, and 41% took fewer risks in traffic, particularly those who were older or had a lower level of education. Fourteen percent of those with training (significantly more men) had been bystanders at a traffic crash. At 20% of the crashes, a bystander had administered first aid, and one-third of those who provided such assistance had had use of their training. Conclusion: Intensified first-aid training of the general public could lead to citizens who are more cautious in traffic and to bystanders who provide more immediate and adequate first aid at traffic crashes and other emergencies.

scholarly journals Major behavioral risk factors for road traffic injuries

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 28-34
Author(s):  
Svetlana COCIU ◽  
Olga IONCU ◽  
Camelia CAZACU-STRATU ◽  
Serghei CEBANU ◽  
Cara HAMANN
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Behavioral Risk ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Prevention Measures ◽  
Road Traffic Crashes ◽  
Road Traffic Injuries ◽  
Data Limitations

Introduction. Road traffic injuries are a major public health problem, ranking 8th in the leading causes of death and are forecasted to rank 5th by 2030 worldwide. Children, pedestrians, cyclists and the elderly remain among those most at risk of road traffic injuries. Material and methods. A specialized literature search was conducted within the main international databases, including: PubMed/MEDLINE, Google Scholar, and Research Gate, using a set of inclusion criteria. Data from references were extracted systematically into results tables, including: author/citation, study design, assessments/data, limitations, and key facts. Reported outcomes were compiled in narrative form. Results. Many researchers and scientists both in the country and abroad have studied road injuries. Authors of the studies used different methods and obtained obvious data about road traumas and major risk factors. Among the main causes of unintentional motor vehicle injuries were excessive speed, alcohol consumption while driving, mental disorder, drugs, and unsupervised children. There is an increasing incidence of road injuries among children, and most of the road traffic crashes involving children occur in May-September, between 11.00 and 18.00. The obtained results motivate the need to study this topic in depth, on separate age groups, and to propose specific prevention measures for each actor involved. Conclusions. There are many factors, which contributes to road crashes and related injuries, but those requires multisectoral involvement.

Ethical Approach to Road Traffic Injuries Prevention

2021 ◽  
Vol 66 (Special Issue) ◽  
pp. 46-46
Author(s):  
Svetlana Cociu ◽  
◽  
◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Seat Belt ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Road Traffic Injuries ◽  
Road Crashes ◽  
The Road ◽  
Risk Of Death ◽  
The Republic

"Road traffic injuries are widespread public health problem, particularly in low- and middle-income countries, being the leading cause of death for children and young adults aged 5–29 years. Road injury ranks 8th after the main causes of death, and unless there will not be a complex approach to prevention those will rank 5th by 2030. The Republic of Moldova is characterized by a high mortality due to road crashes, children and adults over 50 years are more prone to injury or a road crashes and the age group 15-39 years there is a higher risk of death as driver or passenger in a transport unit. Road traffic injuries can be prevented, and many government interventions, policies and programs have been proposed in order to prevent road injuries, but their prevention was less approached by applying and respecting ethical aspects among all the participants in traffic. Each one involved in the road traffic can contribute in improving the road safety by his/her responsibility, which refers to consciousness, morality, ethics and ethical behavior, culture. Drivers and pedestrian have the moral duty while driving to use seat belt, comply with road traffic rules and safety requirements and have duty not to harm- to avoid putting themselves and others in danger. We need much more understandings of the behavior risk factors, increasing psychological capacity and benefits, investing in educational campaigns, effective communication, social support, and encouragement, increase awareness of responsibility in traffic and increasing respect for all participants in traffic, without causing any harm. Acknowledgement: Rosamond Rhodes, Ph.D., Professor of Medical Education, Director of Bioethics Education, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, USA. "

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