scholarly journals Types, differences and prognosis of colonic polyps

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rahmathulla Safiyul Rahman ◽  
Ali Saeed Alharbi ◽  
Bassam Ahmed Basaben ◽  
Ahmad Adnan Alsalman ◽  
Anas Sulaiman Aljohani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Treatment Plan ◽  
Colonic Polyps ◽  
Colorectal Polyps ◽  
The Other ◽  
Colon Polyps ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Appropriate Treatment ◽  
Lymphoid Aggregates ◽  
Rule Out

Colon polyps might originate from the submucosa including lymphoid aggregates, carcinoids and lipomas. On the other hand, most polyps usually arise from the mucosa and include various types, whether neoplastic or not. The prognosis and treatment of these lesions depend on establishing an adequate diagnosis to rule out the presence of malignancy. Therefore, clinicians should be aware of each subclassification's different types and presentations to achieve the best outcomes. When conducting colonoscopy screening for colorectal cancer, colorectal polyps are commonly discovered. The prevalence of these lesions is high. However, most of them do not have any clinical significance. On the other hand, evidence shows that some polyps might have premalignant characteristics, which are usually challenging to manage in clinical practice. Therefore, evidence shows that the most appropriate approach to managing these lesions and achieving the best prognosis would be identifying and treating them as early as possible before complications appear to intervene against potential morbidities and mortality. Clinicians should consider the wide variations of colorectal cancer to establish the most appropriate diagnosis. A histological diagnosis is essential in these events to exclude malignancy and decide the most appropriate treatment plan.

scholarly journals Holistic and conceptual character of the mental in Donald Davidson’s work

2020 ◽  
Vol 63 (1) ◽  
pp. 123-142
Author(s):  
Milos Bogdanovic
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
Ontological Category ◽  
Conceptual Category ◽  
Central Thesis ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The One ◽  
Rule Out

In this paper we will try to confront Quine?s and Davidson?s holistic position through Davidson?s thesis of mental as a non-ontological category. In this regard, since Davidson came to this position through the thesis of mental as a decidedly conceptual category, we will try to show how this approach does not, nevertheless, rule out the possibility of its interpretation in ontological terms. However, in what follows we will draw attention to the fact that mental can be interpreted so that it proves to be immune to ontologization in Quine?s sense. This would be the evidence of different ways, which are not necessarily compatible, to argue for Davidson?s central thesis - the thesis about holistic character of mental - as well as, which is closely related, a certain difference that exists between Davidson?s view of mental as a conceptual category on the one hand, and a holistic category on the other hand.

Renal excretion of magnesium in the rabbit

1962 ◽  
Vol 203 (4) ◽  
pp. 649-654 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Raynaud
Keyword(s):  
Intravenous Injection ◽  
Transit Time ◽  
Renal Excretion ◽  
The Other ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Specific Activities ◽  
Stop Flow ◽  
Rule Out

In rabbits, after rapid intravenous injection of Mg28, the plasma and urinary specific activities, corrected for transit time, are at all times in equilibrium. Injection of Mg28 during stop flow does not reveal any tubular zone permeable to magnesium. On the other hand, the magnesium behavior is in many ways comparable to that of a glomerular substance. These three arguments lead to the view that urinary magnesium is of essentially glomerular origin, and rule out any mechanism of tubular exchange or secretion.

scholarly journals Isospectral drums and simple groups

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (04) ◽  
pp. 1850060
Author(s):  
Koen Thas
Keyword(s):  
Physical Properties ◽  
The Other ◽  
Simple Groups ◽  
Finite Simple Groups ◽  
Planar Domains ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Isospectral Manifolds ◽  
Transplantation Technique ◽  
Rule Out

Nearly every known pair of isospectral but nonisometric manifolds — with as most famous members isospectral bounded [Formula: see text]-planar domains which makes one “not hear the shape of a drum” [M. Kac, Can one hear the shape of a drum? Amer. Math. Monthly 73(4 part 2) (1966) 1–23] — arise from the (group theoretical) Gassmann–Sunada method. Moreover, all the known [Formula: see text]-planar examples (so counter examples to Kac’s question) are constructed through a famous specialization of this method, called transplantation. We first describe a number of very general classes of length equivalent manifolds, with as particular cases isospectral manifolds, in each of the constructions starting from a given example that arises itself from the Gassmann–Sunada method. The constructions include the examples arising from the transplantation technique (and thus in particular the known planar examples). To that end, we introduce four properties — called FF, MAX, PAIR and INV — inspired by natural physical properties (which rule out trivial constructions), that are satisfied for each of the known planar examples. Vice versa, we show that length equivalent manifolds with FF, MAX, PAIR and INV which arise from the Gassmann–Sunada method, must fall under one of our prior constructions, thus describing a precise classification of these objects. Due to the nature of our constructions and properties, a deep connection with finite simple groups occurs which seems, perhaps, rather surprising in the context of this paper. On the other hand, our properties define in some sense physically irreducible pairs of length equivalent manifolds — “atoms” of general pairs of length equivalent manifolds, in that such a general pair of manifolds is patched up out of irreducible pairs — and that is precisely what simple groups are for general groups.

scholarly journals The magnetic survey of the early Scythian burial site and settlements in the Turan-Uyuk valley in Tuva

2020 ◽  
Vol 55 ◽  
pp. 343-368
Author(s):  
Łukasz Oleszczak ◽  
Marcin M. Przybyła ◽  
Igor Pieńkos ◽  
Konstantin V. Chugunov ◽  
Nina A. Zhogova
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Spatial Arrangement ◽  
The Other ◽  
Magnetic Survey ◽  
Archaeological Excavation ◽  
Burial Site ◽  
Significant Information ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Rule Out

In 2019, Polish archaeologists took part in an expedition of the Hermitage Museum, led by K.V. Chugunov, in Chinge-Tey cemetery, Tuva (Russian Federation). This paper presents the results of magnetic surveys carried out within the so-called western chain of barrows and around the princely barrow of Chinge-Tey I. This method of non-invasive research is very well suited to the landscape and has produced a significant body of information. Among others, the survey of the western chain identified a stone mantle in barrow 8, which makes it different from other barrows from this group, whose mounds were built of earth. Another important result is the identification of a stone circle surrounding a cult feature (certainly associated with eschatological rituals) known as the northern complex. The presence of the circle came as a surprise for the investigators of the site, as it does not manifest itself at all on the surface of the site. On the other hand, worth noting is one negative result, which nevertheless allows for some conclusions, namely the lack of detectable anomalies connected with one of the tombs in the vicinity of Chinge-Tey I (barrow 15). Despite being clearly discernible in the landscape, and even more evident in LIDAR images, the barrow is invisible on images produced with a magnetometer. This means that one cannot rule out a possibility that other structures undetectable by magnetic surveys may be present within the investigated part of the cemetery. Nevertheless, one cannot but arrive at the conclusion that the results generated by the magnetic research provide significant information concerning the spatial arrangement of the cemetery and are helpful in planning of archaeological excavation.

scholarly journals Influence of antibiotics on embryogenic tissue and Agrobacterium tumefaciens suppression in soybean genetic transformation

Bragantia ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 65 (4) ◽  
pp. 543-551 ◽  
Author(s):  
Beatriz Wiebke ◽  
Fabricio Ferreira ◽  
Giancarlo Pasquali ◽  
Maria Helena Bodanese-Zanettini ◽  
Annette Droste
Keyword(s):  
Agrobacterium Tumefaciens ◽  
Genetic Transformation ◽  
Fold Increase ◽  
Culture Conditions ◽  
The Other ◽  
Embryogenic Tissue ◽  
Embryo Survival ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Appropriate Treatment ◽  
Embryogenic Tissues

The influence of different antibiotic treatments in soybean genetic transformation was evaluated. First, an assay was performed to verify how different antibiotic treatments affect soybean embryogenic tissues. The effect of carbenicillin at 500 mg L-1 was genotype-dependent. This antibiotic did not affect embryo survival of cv. IAS5, but a three-fold increase of embryo proliferation was observed for cv. Bragg, when compared to the control. On the other hand, cefotaxime at 350 and 500 mg L-1 caused death of embryogenic tissues of both cultivars. Finally, the association of cefotaxime (250 mg L-1) + vancomycin (250 mg L-1) did not affect negatively the somatic embryos of tested cultivars until 63 days of treatment. Thereafter, a second experiment was carried out to determine the efficacy of different antibiotic treatments in suppressing LBA4404 Agrobacterium tumefaciens strain in genetic transformation. On tissue culture conditions, carbenicillin at 500 and 1000 mg L-1 was not active against Agrobacterium. On the other hand, treatments with cefotaxime at 350 and 500 mg L-1, and cefotaxime + vancomycin efficiently suppressed Agrobacterium during 49 days. Data of both experiments suggested cefotaxime + vancomycin for 49-63 days as the most appropriate treatment. This is the first work reporting the effect of antibiotics on soybean tissues. By identifying an antibiotic combination that suppressed A. tumefaciens with minimal phytotoxic effects, we are able to recommend it for improvement of soybean Agrobacterium-mediated transformation procedure.

scholarly journals Deep Learning Models for Colorectal Polyps

Information ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 245
Author(s):  
Ornela Bardhi ◽  
Daniel Sierra-Sosa ◽  
Begonya Garcia-Zapirain ◽  
Luis Bujanda
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Deep Learning ◽  
Convolutional Neural Network ◽  
Learning Algorithms ◽  
Colorectal Polyps ◽  
Colon Polyps ◽  
Learning Models ◽  
Computer Aided ◽  
Incident Cases

Colorectal cancer is one of the main causes of cancer incident cases and cancer deaths worldwide. Undetected colon polyps, be them benign or malignant, lead to late diagnosis of colorectal cancer. Computer aided devices have helped to decrease the polyp miss rate. The application of deep learning algorithms and techniques has escalated during this last decade. Many scientific studies are published to detect, localize, and classify colon polyps. We present here a brief review of the latest published studies. We compare the accuracy of these studies with our results obtained from training and testing three independent datasets using a convolutional neural network and autoencoder model. A train, validate and test split was performed for each dataset, 75%, 15%, and 15%, respectively. An accuracy of 0.937 was achieved for CVC-ColonDB, 0.951 for CVC-ClinicDB, and 0.967 for ETIS-LaribPolypDB. Our results suggest slight improvements compared to the algorithms used to date.

scholarly journals Perlindungan Hukum Bagi Pasien Selaku Konsumen terhadap Tindakan Malpraktik di Bidang Kesehatan

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-52
Author(s):  
Sutono Widjaja
Keyword(s):  
Health Services ◽  
Medical Personnel ◽  
Codes Of Ethics ◽  
The Body ◽  
The Other ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Patient Will ◽  
Criminal Charges ◽  
Body And Soul ◽  
Rule Out

Malpractice cases are a crime that is very common in Indonesia. Malpractice is basically the actions of professionals who contravene SOPs, codes of ethics, and applicable laws, whether intentional or as a result of negligence resulting in loss or death to others. On the other hand, in the implementation of health services, medical personnel, namely doctors and nurses do not rule out the possibility of an error or negligence. Errors or negligence by doctors in carrying out their professional duties can be fatal both to the body and soul of the patient (in medical/legal terms this incident is called malpractice) and this is of course very detrimental to the patient as a victim of malpractice. As a victim of malpractice that is harmed , of course the patient will demand what is his right. Patients who are victims of malpractice will demand compensation or ask for accountability from the doctor concerned. These demands can be in the form of civil claims, namely compensation, criminal charges, namely imprisonment for perpetrators of malpractice

scholarly journals Outcomes and adverse factors for endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR) of colorectal polyps in elderly patients

2020 ◽  
pp. flgastro-2019-101294
Author(s):  
Thomas Skouras ◽  
Ashley Bond ◽  
Asimina Gaglia ◽  
Laura Bonnett ◽  
Meng Jiang Lim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Elderly Patients ◽  
Endoscopic Mucosal Resection ◽  
Colonic Polyps ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Colorectal Polyps ◽  
Term Survival ◽  
Mucosal Resection ◽  
Tertiary Centre

IntroductionEndoscopic mucosal resection (EMR) is an invaluable technique, however it is associated with significant risks. In the elderly in particular, the long-term survival benefits of polyp resection with EMR are unknown. The aim of this study was to determine the long-term outcomes in elderly patients who had undergone EMR and to identify any adverse factors.MethodA retrospective observational study on patients of 75 years of age or greater, who underwent EMR of colorectal polyps, in a single tertiary centre, from 2005 to 2014. Demographics of the patients, including Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI), endoscopic and histological data, were reviewed to identify potential factors predicting outcomes.ResultsThe patients’ median age was 80 years. In total 239 procedures were performed in 206 unique patients. The complication rate was 1.6%. Mean overall survival was 6.7 years with only one patient dying from metastatic colorectal cancer (0.5%) and 49 dying from non-colorectal cancer conditions (24%). Age more than 79 years and CCI more than 2 were independent predictors of significantly shorter survival (p=<0.01). Gender, size of the removed polyps and total number of polyps were not statistically significantly affecting survival. Patients who had more than two colonoscopies were found to have a survival benefit (p=0.02).ConclusionEMR of colonic polyps is safe even for elderly patients. However, the decision to proceed to complex endoscopic therapy should be individualised considering the patients’ age and comorbidities. CCI can help to objectively assess the comorbid state of a patient prior to such decisions.

Maxillofacial lymphomas

2021 ◽  
pp. 20191041
Author(s):  
David MacDonald ◽  
Montgomery Martin ◽  
Kerry Savage
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Plan ◽  
The Other ◽  
Cone Beam ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Appropriate Treatment ◽  
Short Period ◽  
Cross Sectional Imaging ◽  
Sectional Imaging ◽  
Representative Area ◽  
Cone Beam Computer Tomography

Lymphomas affecting the bones of the jaws, although less frequent than carcinomas, can both present radiologically as carcinomas in addition to the more frequent “periapical-radiolucencies-of-inflammatory-origin” (PRIOs). Certainly those lymphomas arising within the maxillary alveolus have a short period of prior awareness before presentation, denoting an aggressive process. Half are provisionally diagnosed as carcinomas and the other half as PRIOs. Failure of the latter to respond to appropriate treatment, compels prompt and appropriate investigation for a malignancy. Further distinction of the malignancy into carcinoma and lymphoma is necessary, because the treatment of carcinomas is radical, achieved mainly by resection plus radiotherapy, whereas treatment of lymphomas relies on chemotherapy and in some cases, radiotherapy. The few reported cases that have been subject to cross-sectional imaging and reporting by radiologists has only appeared relatively recently. These cases reveal roles for cone-beam computer tomography, computed tomography and magnetic resonance (MR). Ultimately the diagnosis is dependant on a biopsy from the most representative area/s and the treatment plan upon the diagnosis and extent of the disease defined by the imaging.

scholarly journals Multigraphs (Only) Satisfy a Weak Triangle Removal Lemma

10.37236/249 ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Asaf Shapira ◽  
Raphael Yuster
Keyword(s):  
Simple Graph ◽  
The Other ◽  
Short Paper ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Removal Lemma ◽  
Rule Out

The triangle removal lemma states that a simple graph with $o(n^3)$ triangles can be made triangle-free by removing $o(n^2)$ edges. It is natural to ask if this widely used result can be extended to multi-graphs. In this short paper we rule out the possibility of such an extension by showing that there are multi-graphs with only $n^{2+o(1)}$ triangles that are still far from being triangle-free. On the other hand, we show that for some slowly growing function $g(n)=\omega(1)$, if a multi-graph has only $g(n)n^2$ triangles then it must be close to being triangle-free. The proof relies on variants of the Ruzsa-Szemerédi theorem.

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