scholarly journals Local realism quantum mechanics can be established: a review of the book of quantum mechanics’ return to local realism

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. 136
Author(s):  
Runsheng Tu
Keyword(s):  
Wave Function ◽  
Quantum Mechanics ◽  
Strong Support ◽  
Formal System ◽  
Local Realism ◽  
Theoretical Development ◽  
Wave Mechanics ◽  
Formal Systems ◽  
Non Local ◽  
Explanation System

All the experiments that prove that Einstein is wrong and Bohr won have a serious flaw or loophole that is difficult to overcome — Have to subjectively judge the state of the system before the measurement. Undoubtedly, the establishment of quantum mechanics of local realism is a strong support for Einstein.<strong> </strong>Many people are dissatisfied with the quantum mechanics of non-local realism and want to establish the quantum mechanics of local realism. But they did not break through the bottleneck. The concept of wave function is widely used in existing quantum mechanics. However, the nature of the wave function is unanswerable. The model of "real wave curling inside the particle" determines that the wave function is the motion equation of localized real wave. The wave mechanics based on such wave functions is quantum mechanics of localized realism. The mathematical formal system of local realism quantum mechanics is the same as the existing one. Explanation of double slit diffraction can be experiment by directional quantization. The explanation system of local realism quantum mechanics is established, and it is guaranteed that this system can also be organically combined with the existing mathematical formal systems of quantum mechanics. Local realism quantum mechanics has all the elements of a valuable new theory, and its birth conforms to the law of theoretical development.

scholarly journals Loophole-Free Bell Tests and the Falsification of Local Realism

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick Thomas Fraser ◽  
Barry C Sanders
Keyword(s):  
Quantum Mechanics ◽  
Theoretical Basis ◽  
Strong Support ◽  
Local Realism ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Strict Locality ◽  
Locality Conditions

Quantum mechanics is strictly incompatible with local realism. It has been shown by Bell and others that it is possible, in principle, to experimentally differentiate between local realism and quantum mechanics. Numerous experiments have attempted to falsify local realism; however, they have consistently failed to close the detection loophole under strict locality conditions, thereby allowing local realistic explanations for their observations. In 2015, three experiments took place that tested local realism without the impediments of these significant loopholes. Between these three experiments, a substantial data set was collected. All of the collected data show a strong violation of local realism and strong support for quantum mechanics. This article reviews the theoretical basis of Bell tests and the affiliated loopholes, as well as the methods employed by these recent experiments and the implications of the results they observed. La mécanique quantique est strictement incompatible avec le réalisme local. Bell et d’autres scientifiques ont montré qu’il est possible, en théorie, de trouver la différence entre le réalisme local et la mécanique quantique expérimentalement. De nombreuses expériences ont tenté de falsifier le réalisme local; cependant, elles ont toujours échoué à combler la faille de détection dans des conditions de localité strictes, permettant ainsi des explications réalistes locales pour leurs observations. En 2015, trois expériences ont testé le réalisme local sans les entraves de ces failles importantes. Entre ces trois expériences, des données substantielles ont été recueillies. Toutes les données recueillies ont montré une forte déviation du réalisme local et un appui solid pour la mécanique quantique. Cet article examine les bases théoriques des tests de Bell et les failles af liées, ainsi que les méthodes employées par ces expériences récentes et les implications de leurs résultats. 

scholarly journals Nonlocality versus Modified Realism: Convivial Solipsism

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hervé ZWIRN
Keyword(s):  
Wave Function ◽  
Quantum Mechanics ◽  
Physical State ◽  
Local Theory ◽  
Physical Change ◽  
Real Change ◽  
Non Local ◽  
Epr Argument ◽  
The Many

A large number of physicists now admit that quantum mechanics is a non-local theory. EPR argument and the many experiences (including recent &ldquo;loop-hole free&rdquo; tests) showing the violation of Bell&rsquo;s inequalities seem to have confirmed convincingly that quantum mechanics cannot be local. Nevertheless, this conclusion can only be drawn inside a standard realist framework assuming an ontic interpretation of the wave function and viewing the collapse of the wave function as a real change of the physical state of the system. We show that this standpoint is not mandatory and that if the collapse is no more considered as an actual physical change, it is possible to recover locality.

scholarly journals New interpretation and thought experiment in quantum mechanics

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
John joseph Taylor
Keyword(s):  
Wave Function ◽  
Quantum Mechanics ◽  
Thought Experiment ◽  
Hidden Variables ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Interpretation Of Quantum Mechanics ◽  
Multiple Dimensions ◽  
Non Local ◽  
New Interpretation

An interpretation of quantum mechanics involving multiple dimensions is proposed, as well as a thought experiment that in principle if performed correctly could either prove or disprove quantum randomness. All outcomes, of a particle’s wave function manifest but manifest in more than three dimensions, and when the wave function collapses, we see the outcome of the wave function, which only exist in three dimensions. Furthermore, a particle is a much larger object, and exists physically as a wave across more than three dimensions and our best description of this is the Schrodinger wave, because it only describes it in three dimensions. We cannot observe the particle as a wave because it is spread out as an object in which most of it exists in more than three dimensions, but when we observe the part or outcome of a wave function that does exist in three dimensions, which is when collapse occurs it leads to particle like properties, due to not being able to interact with the rest of the wave because it is confined to just interacting on a three dimensional scale because we are observing it in three dimensions. Furthermore we cannot observe the part of the wave function that exists in more than three dimensions, in three dimensions because of the principle that in order to observe an object in it's entirety it needs to be observed in all of it's dimensions. Strange phenomenon in quantum mechanics such as tunneling, can be explained by saying that there is a probability of finding the part of wave function that exists in three dimensions on the other side of the barrier, which has travelled over that barrier classically and the probability of it travelling over the barrier decreases expontentially to the width of the barrier increasing. Whether the quantum world is random, or is determined by non-local hidden variables, can be determined by a simple deductive thought experiment as outlined in this article.

Modality and folk psychology

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-27
Author(s):  
Ja. O. Petik
Keyword(s):  
Modal Logic ◽  
Brain Activity ◽  
Formal System ◽  
Philosophy Of Logic ◽  
Psychological States ◽  
Formal Systems ◽  
Modern Psychology ◽  
Philosophical Interpretation ◽  
Important Direction

The connection of the modern psychology and formal systems remains an important direction of research. This paper is centered on philosophical problems surrounding relations between mental and logic. Main attention is given to philosophy of logic but certain ideas are introduced that can be incorporated into the practical philosophical logic. The definition and properties of basic modal logic and descending ones which are used in study of mental activity are in view. The defining role of philosophical interpretation of modality for the particular formal system used for research in the field of psychological states of agents is postulated. Different semantics of modal logic are studied. The hypothesis about the connection of research in cognitive psychology (semantics of brain activity) and formal systems connected to research of psychological states is stated.

The build of nonlinear quantum mechancs and variations of feature of microscopic particles as well as their experimental affirmation

2014 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 871-981 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pang Xiao Feng
Keyword(s):  
Wave Function ◽  
Quantum Mechanics ◽  
Lagrange Equation ◽  
Minimum Principle ◽  
Superposition Principle ◽  
Type Equation ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Traditional Concept ◽  
Nonlinear Quantum ◽  
Nonlinear Quantum Mechanics

We establish the nonlinear quantum mechanics due to difficulties and problems of original quantum mechanics, in which microscopic particles have only a wave feature, not corpuscle feature, which are completely not consistent with experimental results and traditional concept of particle. In this theory the microscopic particles are no longer a wave, but localized and have a wave-corpuscle duality, which are represented by the following facts, the solutions of dynamic equation describing the particles have a wave-corpuscle duality, namely it consists of a mass center with constant size and carrier wave, is localized and stable and has a determinant mass, momentum and energy, which obey also generally conservation laws of motion, their motions meet both the Hamilton equation, Euler-Lagrange equation and Newton-type equation, their collision satisfies also the classical rule of collision of macroscopic particles, the uncertainty of their position and momentum is denoted by the minimum principle of uncertainty. Meanwhile the microscopic particles in this theory can both propagate in solitary wave with certain frequency and amplitude and generate reflection and transmission at the interfaces, thus they have also a wave feature, which but are different from linear and KdV solitary wave’s. Therefore the nonlinear quantum mechanics changes thoroughly the natures of microscopic particles due to the nonlinear interactions. In this investigation we gave systematically and completely the distinctions and variations between linear and nonlinear quantum mechanics, including the significances and representations of wave function and mechanical quantities, superposition principle of wave function, property of microscopic particle, eigenvalue problem, uncertainty relation and the methods solving the dynamic equations, from which we found nonlinear quantum mechanics is fully new and different from linear quantum mechanics. Finally, we verify further the correctness of properties of microscopic particles described by nonlinear quantum mechanics using the experimental results of light soliton in fiber and water soliton, which are described by same nonlinear Schrödinger equation. Thus we affirm that nonlinear quantum mechanics is correct and useful, it can be used to study the real properties of microscopic particles in physical systems.

Solusi Persamaan Schrödinger Berbasis Panjang Minimal untuk Potensial Coulomb Termodifikasi

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 43-47
Author(s):  
A. Suparmi, C. Cari, Ina Nurhidayati
Keyword(s):  
Wave Function ◽  
Quantum Mechanics ◽  
Schrödinger Equation ◽  
Coulomb Potential ◽  
Schrodinger Equation ◽  
Minimal Length ◽  
Energy Spectra ◽  
Atomic Particle ◽  
Approximate Analytical Solutions ◽  
Radial Schrödinger Equation

Abstrak – Persamaan Schrödinger adalah salah satu topik penelitian yang yang paling sering diteliti dalam mekanika kuantum. Pada jurnal ini persamaan Schrödinger berbasis panjang minimal diaplikasikan untuk potensial Coulomb Termodifikasi. Fungsi gelombang dan spektrum energi yang dihasilkan menunjukkan kharakteristik atau tingkah laku dari partikel sub atom. Dengan menggunakan metode pendekatan hipergeometri, diperoleh solusi analitis untuk bagian radial persamaan Schrödinger berbasis panjang minimal diaplikasikan untuk potensial Coulomb Termodifikasi. Hasil yang diperoleh menunjukkan terjadi peningkatan energi yang sebanding dengan meningkatnya parameter panjang minimal dan parameter potensial Coulomb Termodifikasi. Kata kunci: persamaan Schrödinger, panjang minimal, fungsi gelombang, energi, potensial Coulomb Termodifikasi Abstract – The Schrödinger equation is the most popular topic research at quantum mechanics. The  Schrödinger equation based on the concept of minimal length formalism has been obtained for modified Coulomb potential. The wave function and energy spectra were used to describe the characteristic of sub-atomic particle. By using hypergeometry method, we obtained the approximate analytical solutions of the radial Schrödinger equation based on the concept of minimal length formalism for the modified Coulomb potential. The wave function and energy spectra was solved. The result showed that the value of energy increased by the increasing both of minimal length parameter and the potential parameter. Key words: Schrödinger equation, minimal length formalism (MLF), wave function, energy spectra, Modified Coulomb potential

Constructing Quantum Mechanics

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anthony Duncan ◽  
Michel Janssen
Keyword(s):  
Quantum Mechanics ◽  
Quantum Theory ◽  
Stark Effect ◽  
Zeeman Effect ◽  
Black Body ◽  
Black Body Radiation ◽  
Wave Mechanics ◽  
Specific Heats ◽  
Old Quantum Theory ◽  
Upper Level

This is the first of two volumes on the genesis of quantum mechanics. It covers the key developments in the period 1900–1923 that provided the scaffold on which the arch of modern quantum mechanics was built in the period 1923–1927 (covered in the second volume). After tracing the early contributions by Planck, Einstein, and Bohr to the theories of black‐body radiation, specific heats, and spectroscopy, all showing the need for drastic changes to the physics of their day, the book tackles the efforts by Sommerfeld and others to provide a new theory, now known as the old quantum theory. After some striking initial successes (explaining the fine structure of hydrogen, X‐ray spectra, and the Stark effect), the old quantum theory ran into serious difficulties (failing to provide consistent models for helium and the Zeeman effect) and eventually gave way to matrix and wave mechanics. Constructing Quantum Mechanics is based on the best and latest scholarship in the field, to which the authors have made significant contributions themselves. It breaks new ground, especially in its treatment of the work of Sommerfeld and his associates, but also offers new perspectives on classic papers by Planck, Einstein, and Bohr. Throughout the book, the authors provide detailed reconstructions (at the level of an upper‐level undergraduate physics course) of the cental arguments and derivations of the physicists involved. All in all, Constructing Quantum Mechanics promises to take the place of older books as the standard source on the genesis of quantum mechanics.

Stress Optical Behavior of Rubber Networks at Large Deformations

1966 ◽  
Vol 39 (5) ◽  
pp. 1436-1450
Author(s):  
K. J. Smith ◽  
D. Puett
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Statistical Theory ◽  
Natural Rubber ◽  
Large Deformations ◽  
Strong Support ◽  
Theoretical Development ◽  
Statistical Parameters ◽  
Strain Behavior ◽  
Optical Behavior

Abstract The birefringence of natural rubber networks at large deformations has been investigated experimentally and compared with the simultaneously determined stress—strain behavior. Our data is analyzed using a statistical theory of flexibly jointed chains, derived herein, which is believed to be more significant for the particular range of deformation used than the theories of Treloar and of Kuhn and Grün. In addition, the experimental data of Saunders is commented on in light of our theoretical development. We find that for network extensions exceeding those of the Gaussian region there is little correlation between the observed and theoretical behavior of the stress and birefringence (based upon the theory of flexibly jointed chains) and this lack of agreement is attributed to the fact that the statistical parameters needed for the description of the optical chain properties differ in magnitude from those required for the mechanical properties. Furthermore, by considering the points of incipient crystallization the strain behavior of the stress-optical coefficient is highly indicative of nonGaussian behavior rather than crystallization, and therefore yields strong support for the position that nonGaussian behavior does exist in rubber networks.

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