scholarly journals Comparative study of single dose preoperative antibiotic versus five days antibiotic course in preventing surgical site infection for pediatric inguinal herniotomy

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 134-139
Author(s):  
Pinaki Ranjan Debnath ◽  
Arnab Kumar Saha ◽  
Rashmi D ◽  
Vasu Gautam ◽  
Chetna Khanna ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Single Dose ◽  
Surgical Site Infection ◽  
Wound Care ◽  
Oral Antibiotic ◽  
Site Infection ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Inguinal Herniotomy

To compare single dose preoperative antibiotic versus five days antibiotic course in preventing surgical site infection for the pediatric inguinal herniotomy.The present study was conducted on 100 patients of elective inguinal herniotomy from January 2019 to April 2020 and compared on the basis of single dose preoperative antibiotic versus five days antibiotic course. All the patients were evaluated on the 3rd, 7th and 28th post-operative period and instructions were given to the guardians about wound care and to attend for early follow up if any signs & symptoms of wound infection appear.50% of the patients were treated with prophylactic single dose antibiotic, i.e. inj. Ceftriaxone (30 mg/kg/dose) at the time of induction only and rest 50% were treated with inj. Ceftriaxone(30mg/kg/dose) at the time of induction as well as postoperatively at night followed by four days of oral antibiotic with Syr/Tablet. Cephalexin (25mg/kg/day) three times daily for another 4 days.Surgical Site Infection (SSI) in Group-B (4.0%) was higher than that of Group-A (2.0%) on day 3 but it was not significant (p=0.40). There was no significant difference in health status of the patients of the two groups when compared on post-operative day 7 and day 28 (p=0.99, p=0.99 respectively).Implementation of single dose antibiotic prophylaxis regimes tailored to the prevalent organisms in the institution can result in enormous savings, as the study shows significant reduction in hospital stay with no significant increase in incidence of SSI.

scholarly journals Comparison of single dose versus multiple doses of antibiotic prophylaxis for prevention of surgical site infection

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 129
Author(s):  
Swapan Das ◽  
Rajib Kundu ◽  
Bani Prasad Chattopadhyay
Keyword(s):  
Single Dose ◽  
Surgical Site Infection ◽  
Antibiotic Prophylaxis ◽  
Multiple Dose ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Site Infection ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Clean Contaminated

Background: Surgical site infection is a common problem following general surgical procedures. Despite major improvement in antibiotics, improved antiseptic measures SSI continues to present a big challenge. In this study we will compare single dose versus multiple dose antibiotic prophylaxis for prevention of SSI in clean and clean contaminated surgical wound.Methods: This is an institution based prospective, comparative study, with total 60 patients as study population. Clinical finding, wound swab culture and routine haematological reports were taken as study variables. Patients receiving single dose antibiotic and multiple dose antibiotic were included in ‘Group A’ and ‘Group B’ respectively. The surgical sites were examined from post-operative days 3 to 8 for signs of infection.Results: In This study, 46.7% patients were female, and 53.3% patients were male. In Group-A, patients having post operative fever, tachycardia and leucocytosis were 16.7%, 13.3% and 20.0% respectively. 6.7% patients had purulent and 10.0% patients had seropurulent discharge from wound. In Group-B, patients having post operative fever, tachycardia, and leucocytosis were 13.3%, 16.7% and 13.3% respectively. 6.7% patients had purulent and seropurulent discharge from wound. There is no statistically significant difference between two groups regarding post operative fever, tachycardia, leucocytosis and wound discharge.Conclusions: There is no significant difference between single dose and multiple dose antibiotic prophylaxis to prevent SSI in patients for elective clean and clean contaminated surgery however single dose is more cost effective.

scholarly journals Intra-incisional versus intravenous route of antibiotic administration in preventing surgical site infections: a randomized controlled trial

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 1438
Author(s):  
Aditya N. Patil ◽  
Veerendra M. Uppin
Keyword(s):  
Single Dose ◽  
Surgical Site Infection ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Surgical Site Infections ◽  
Intravenous Route ◽  
Antibiotic Administration ◽  
Site Infection ◽  
Open Appendicectomy ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

Background: Surgical site infection (SSI) is one of the most common postoperative complications following abdominal surgeries. Whilst the use of prophylactic antibiotics has been shown to reduce postoperative wound infection, controversy still remains as to the optimum route of administration and the duration of treatment. This study aims to compare the efficacy of a preoperative single dose of a cephalosporin antibiotic (cefotaxime) administered intraincisionally versus that administered intravenously, in preventing postoperative surgical site infections following appendicectomy.Methods: Sixty consecutive cases diagnosed as uncomplicated appendicitis who consented for open appendicectomy at a tertiary care institute were included in the study. Cases were randomized to 2 comparable groups of 30 patients each. Preoperatively, patients in Group A received a single dose of Inj. Cefotaxime 1g intraincisionally while those in Group B received the same intravenously. Incision sites were examined every alternative day starting on postoperative day 3 until removal of sutures. Signs of surgical site infection, if any, were recorded and outcomes were statistically tested for significance.Results: One patient in Group A (3.3%) and 4 patients in Group B (13.3%) showed signs of postoperative surgical site infection (p >0.05) during the follow up period which prolonged their hospital stay.Conclusions: This study showed that a single dose preoperative intraincisional administration of cefotaxime was as effective as intravenous administration for prevention of postoperative surgical site infection after open appendicectomy. Although the difference was not statistically significant, there was a reduced incidence of SSI in individuals who received intraincisional antibiotic. These results are encouraging for a way forward in reducing unnecessary burdening of systemic antibiotics in patients undergoing abdominal surgeries. 

Efficacy and Safety of Fenofibrate in Uncomplicated Hyperbilirubinemia in Newborn: A Randomized Trial, with a 6-month Follow-up

2020 ◽  
pp. 37-42
Author(s):  
Jayendra R. Gohil ◽  
Vishal S. Rathod ◽  
Bhoomika D. Rathod
Keyword(s):  
Single Dose ◽  
Serum Bilirubin ◽  
Total Serum Bilirubin ◽  
Total Serum ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Term Neonates ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

Objective: To study the effect and safety of Fenofibrate in uncomplicated hyperbilirubinemia in newborn with 6-month follow-up. Materials and Methods: This is a randomized controlled clinical trial conducted in 60 normal term neonates admitted for uncomplicated hyperbilirubinemia in NICU at Sir T G Hospital, Bhavnagar from January 2012 to December 2012. The data included: age, sex, total serum bilirubin (TSB), weight and duration of phototherapy. All neonates enrolled in the study received phototherapy. They were divided in two groups of 30 each: control group A and group B receiving Fenofibrate (100 mg/kg single dose). There was statistically insignificant difference between the parameters of age, sex, weight and TSB between the two groups at hospitalization. Data was analyzed by using appropriate statistical methods. Results: Mean values for total serum bilirubin in Fenofibrate group B at 24 and 48 hours after admission were significantly lower than those for control group A (p<0.0001,  p=0.0001). There was no significant difference in fall of TSB between 24 and 48 hours. The mean duration of phototherapy in Fenofibrate group (44.8h: 24-72h) was significantly shorter than that in control group (55.2 h: 24‐96 h) (P=0.02). There were no side effects of the drug observed during the study and during 6 months follow up period. Conclusion: Fenofibrate as a single 100 mg/kg dose in healthy full term neonates, is effective and a safe drug (till six-month follow-up) for neonatal hyperbilirubinemia, that can decrease the time needed for phototherapy and hence hospitalization. Effect of a single dose seems to wane after 24 hours.

scholarly journals Prophylactic use of antibiotics as per SIGN 104 guidelines versus routine antibiotic prophylaxis for prevention of surgical site infection in clean and clean contaminated ENT surgical procedures: a comparative study

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 106
Author(s):  
M. Bharath ◽  
J. R. Galagali ◽  
Awadhesh Kumar Mishra ◽  
Ajay Mallick ◽  
E. Nikhilesh
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Site Infection ◽  
Antibiotic Prophylaxis ◽  
Surgical Procedures ◽  
Antibiotic Use ◽  
Site Infection ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group A ◽  
Prophylactic Use ◽  
Group B ◽  
Clean Contaminated

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Many clinicians continue to use antibiotic prophylaxis routinely in all surgical procedures, ignoring the guidelines issued by policy makers. In this prospective study we compared the rate of surgical site infection (SSI) in patients who received prophylactic antibiotics as a routine; with the rate of SSI in patients getting antibiotics strictly as per SIGN 104 Guidelines, for clean and clean contaminated procedures.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> The study population comprised 235 patients. Group A consisted of 119 patients having 77 (65%) males and 42 (35%) females while Group B had 116 patients - 71 (61%) males and 45 (39%) females. Group A received routine antibiotic prophylaxis in all cases, while Group B received antibiotic prophylaxis as per SIGN 104 guidelines only. Both the groups were followed up for one month post-operatively for SSI and complications.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> SSI occurred in 2 patients (1.68%) in Group A and in 3 (2.59%) patients in Group B. There was no significant difference in the rate of SSI between the two groups (p=0.68). Procedure wise maximum SSI occurred in tympanoplasty and laryngectomy. Due to infection one case of tympanoplasty had graft failure and one case of laryngectomy had delayed wound healing. No major complications related to infection or antibiotic use occurred in either group.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Selective use of antibiotic prophylaxis as per SIGN 104 Guidelines does not lead to increase in SSI in clean and clean contaminated ENT procedures.</p>

scholarly journals Comparative study of single dose preoperative antibiotics versus both preoperative and postoperative antibiotics in laparoscopic appendicectomy for nonperforated appendicitis

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (9) ◽  
pp. 3092
Author(s):  
Himabindu Bangaru ◽  
Varun V. Gaiki ◽  
M. V. Ranga Reddy
Keyword(s):  
Single Dose ◽  
Surgical Site Infection ◽  
Hospital Stay ◽  
Prophylactic Antibiotics ◽  
Postoperative Hospital Stay ◽  
Laparoscopic Appendicectomy ◽  
Site Infection ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group A ◽  
Preoperative Antibiotics

Background: Antibiotics are being administered both preoperatively and postoperatively even in uncomplicated nonperforated appendicitis. Studies regarding role of postoperative antibiotics in laparoscopic appendicectomy for nonperforated appendicitis are sparse. The aim of the study is therefore to study the efficacy of single dose preoperative antibiotics versus both preoperative and postoperative antibiotics in reducing surgical site infection in laparoscopic appendicectomy for uncomplicated nonperforated acute appendicitis.Methods: This is a prospective study done in general surgery department at Malla Reddy institute of medical sciences from September to April 2016.162 patients with nonperforated appendicitis were randomly allocated into two groups. 80 patients in Group A were given single dose of preoperative prophylactic antibiotics. No further antibiotics were given. 82 patients in Group B were given both preoperative and postoperative antibiotics. Postoperative surgical site infection and duration of postoperative hospital stay were compared between both groups. Statistical analysis was done using ANOVA, Fisher’s Exact test and Chi-square test wherever necessary.Results: There was no significant difference in the rate of surgical site infection in both groups. The mean duration of postoperative hospital stay was shorter in preoperative antibiotics only group (Group A). Age and gender had no significant association with surgical site infection. There was no deep incisional or organ space infection in this study.Conclusions: Single dose prophylactic antibiotics would be sufficient in cases of laparoscopic appendicectomy for simple uncomplicated nonperforated acute appendicitis. Postoperative antibiotic administration would not be necessary in these cases.

scholarly journals Predictive Factors of Surgical Site Infection in Prosthetic Joint Surgery. A Prospective Study on 760 Arthroplasties.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martina Maritati ◽  
Alessandro Trentini ◽  
Davide Chemello ◽  
Elisa Mazzoni ◽  
Gustavo Zanoli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Site Infection ◽  
Clinical Laboratory ◽  
Laboratory Data ◽  
Hospital Length ◽  
Hospital Length Of Stay ◽  
Site Infection ◽  
Surgical Suture ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

Abstract Purpose: Surgical site infection (SSI) is a debilitating complication of total joint arthroplasty (TJA) with significant morbidity and increased costs. Aim of our study was to identify potential risk factors for SSIs in a population of patients undergoing TJA. Methods: TJA were prospectively recruited at Santa Maria Maddalena Hospital from February 2019 to April 2020. Age, sex, major comorbidities, American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) class, length of surgery, type of surgical suture, total hospital length of stay and clinical laboratory data were collected. The study population was then divided into two groups: Group A, normal post-operative course, and Group B, patients who developed SSI at follow-up (17-25 days).Results: 25/760 (3.3%) patients developed SSIs at follow-up. Clinical and demographic parameters were not different between the two groups. Total leucocyte and neutrophil values at discharge resulted to be significatively higher in Group B compared to Group A (p=0.025 and p=0.016, respectively). Values of 7860/mL for total leucocyte, and 5185/mL for neutrophil count at discharge significantly predicted the future development of SSI (AUC 0.623 and AUC 0.641, respectively; p<0.05) independently from confounding factors (total leukocytes: O.R.=3,69 [95% C.I. 1,63-8,32]; neutrophils: O.R.=3,98 [95% C.I. 1,76-8,97. Deep SSIs has been diagnosed significantly before superficial SSIs (p=0,008), with a median advance of 9 days. Conclusion: Total leukocytes and neutrophils at discharge seem useful to identify a population at risk for the development of SSIs following TJA. Further studies on larger populations are needed to develop a predictive SSIs risk score that should include those variables.

scholarly journals Topical vancomycin: Does it reduce surgical site infection in bone tumors?

2017 ◽  
Vol 06 (03) ◽  
pp. 099-101
Author(s):  
Suman Byregowda ◽  
Ajay Puri ◽  
Ashish Gulia
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Site Infection ◽  
Bone Tumors ◽  
Site Infection ◽  
Perioperative Antibiotics ◽  
Deep Surgical Site Infection ◽  
Group A ◽  
Wound Discharge ◽  
Group B ◽  
Closure Group

Abstract Introduction: We retrospectively analyzed a consecutive group of patients operated for bone tumors of extremity and pelvis who received only perioperative antibiotics (Group A) against a similar group that had additional 1 g topical vancomycin sprinkled in the wound before closure (Group B). The aim was to determine if the addition of topical vancomycin decreases the incidence of deep surgical site infection (SSI). Materials and Methods: A total of 221 patients operated between January 2011 and December 2011 were analyzed in Group A and 254 patients operated between April 2012 and March 2013 were analyzed in Group B. Any patient who required operative intervention for wound discharge was considered to be infected. All patients had a 1 year follow-up to determine the incidence of SSI. Results: The overall rate of SSI was 7% (31 of 475 patients). Seventeen (8%) of Group A patients had SSI as against 14 (6 %) of Group B patients (P = 0.337). A subgroup analysis of endoprosthetic reconstructions, internal fixation implants (plates/intramedullary nails), extracorporeal radiation treated bones and strut allografts showed no difference between the two groups of patients. Conclusion: Our data suggest that the addition of topical vancomycin before wound closure in patients operated for bone tumors does not decrease the incidence of SSI. Further investigation of this technique using a case–controlled methodology with an increase in the dose of vancomycin may be warranted.

Comparison of Frequency of Surgical Site Infection with or without Bile Spillage during Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (6) ◽  
pp. 1449-1452
Author(s):  
M. Asif ◽  
L. A. Deokah ◽  
R. N. Malik
Keyword(s):  
Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy ◽  
Surgical Site Infection ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Operational Definition ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Site Infection ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Bile Spillage

Aim: To compare the frequency of surgical site infection with or without bile spillage during Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy. Methods: This randomized controlled trial was conducted at Department of Surgery, M. Islam Medical and Dental College Gujranwala from March 2020 to September 2020 over the period of 6 months. Total 68 pppatients of acute cholecystitis (as per operational definition) undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy either male or female having age from 20 60 years with duration of gal stone (single or multiple) ≥ 6 months were selected. After 2 weeks follow-up, surgical site infection was assed. Results: Mean age of the patients was 39.90 ± 12.04, mean age of patients of study group A was and B was 38.88 ± 13.01 and 40.91 ± 11.08 years respectively. Comparison of frequency of surgical site infection was done between both groups. In study group A (spillage group), SSI was found in 12 (35.29%) patients while in study group B (without spillage group), SSI was noted in 4 (11.76%) patients. Difference of frequency of SSI between the study group A and B was statistically significant (P = 0.022). Conclusion: Results of present study showed that surgical site infection is mostly occurred in patients with spillage of bile during Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy. Most of the patients were belonged to 3rd and 4th decade of life. Significantly higher rate of surgical site infection was noted in female patients of spillage of bile group. Keywords: Bile spillage, Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy, gall bladder, surgical site infection

scholarly journals Prophylactic Antibiotics in Elective Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy is it Necessary?

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 16-18
Author(s):  
Anup Sharma ◽  
Arun Shah
Keyword(s):  
Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy ◽  
Single Dose ◽  
Surgical Site Infection ◽  
Prophylactic Antibiotic ◽  
Prophylactic Antibiotics ◽  
Site Infection ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Group A ◽  
Elective Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy ◽  
Group B

Background: Elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) has a low risk for Surgical Site Infection (SSI). In spite many surgeons still use prophylactic antibiotics. The aim of this study was to find out the need of prophylactic antibiotics in elective LC. Method: This study was carried out from 2017 June to 2018 August in the Department of Surgery Nepalgunj Medical College and Teaching Hospital Kohalpur (NGMC). Patients were placed into two groups. Group A received a single dose of prophylactic antibiotic and group B patients did not receive any prophylactic antibiotic. In both groups the SSI were recorded and compared. Results: Overall SSI was 5(3.33%) among 150. In group A 2 (2.66%) patients had SSI and in group B 3 (4%) had SSI. Using or not using prophylactic antibiotics did not correlate with SSI (p= .154). Conclusions: Prophylactic antibiotic is not recommended in elective LC. Prophylactic antibiotic does not reduce the rate of SSI.

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