On the Way to Modern Society: the Shia Clergy in Early 20th Century Iranian Politics

Istoriya ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (5 (103)) ◽  
pp. 0
Author(s):  
Anna Ardashnikova
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Early 20Th Century ◽  
The Real ◽  
Political Transformations ◽  
Political Events ◽  
New Concepts ◽  
Interdisciplinary Study ◽  
Over Time ◽  
The Way

Social and political events of the early 20 century caused the emergence of new concepts for the development of Iran, the relevance of which over time not only did not diminish, but increased. The agents of new ideology were both intellectual reformers of the secular circle and the Shia clergy, who actively participated in politics. The article, within the framework of an interdisciplinary study, examines the interaction of innovation and tradition at the stages of socio-political transformations that are crucial for Iran and highlights the arsenal of propaganda tools that were used in this process. Archival documentary materials and poetry of journalistic nature, which are first introduced into scientific circulation, allow to hear the “real voice” of the direct participants and witnesses of the events of this period.

Csiky Lajos hosszabb terjedelmű műveinek korabeli fogadtatása

2021 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 231-250
Author(s):  
István-Attila Tárkányi
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Practical Theology ◽  
Short Paper ◽  
Early 20Th Century ◽  
Academic Activity ◽  
Orthodox Theology ◽  
The Way

"The Contemporary Reception of Lajos Csiky’s Voluminous Works. Lajos Csiky (1852–1925) was a late 19th and early 20th-century professor of practical theology at the Theological Academy of Debrecen. His works have not yet been researched accordingly. In the first part of this short paper, we would like to present the socio-theological context in which the renowned theologian spent his creative years, focusing especially on the debate of the day between liberal and orthodox theology. In the second part, we would like to reflect on the way his major theological works were received by his contemporaries during a span of more than four decades of academic activity. Keywords: Lajos Csiky, 19th-century theological debates in Hungary, practical theology, Ferenc Balogh, Imre Révész, Mór Ballagi "

Historical and logical analysis of research on the development of professional value orientations of students in the context of Internet socialization

2020 ◽  
pp. 7-14
Author(s):  
Marina S. Chvanova ◽  
Irina A. Kiselyova
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
Value Orientations ◽  
Logical Analysis ◽  
Early 20Th Century ◽  
Logical Sequence ◽  
Characteristic Features ◽  
Over Time ◽  
Professional Value

We examine the formation of the concept of “value orientations”, “professional value orientations of students”. The classification is presented taking into account the following profes-sional value orientations: “professional and personal”, “professional and group”, “social and pro-fessional”. Professional value orientations are analyzed taking into account their importance, with subdivision into instrumental and terminal ones. We consider the development of professional value orientations in a historical and logical sequence with a change of stages, with characteristic features, taking into account the presented classification. The following periods are considered: the second half of the 19th – early 20th century, 20–40s of the 20th century, 50–60s of the 20th century, 60–80s of the 20th century, 80–90s of the 20th century, 21th century. The characteristic features of the stage, the means of influencing the value orientations of young people, are analyzed, which made it possible to identify the transformation of professional value orientations over time, including in the context of Internet socialization.

scholarly journals The Birth and Death of the Russian House in the Priargun’ie Three Rivers Region, People’s Republic of China (1)

Folklorica ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vladimir Klyaus
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Early 20Th Century ◽  
Traditional Practices ◽  
Soviet Rule ◽  
Late 19Th Century ◽  
Republic Of China ◽  
Three Rivers Region ◽  
Three Rivers ◽  
Over Time

This article considers the remnants of Russian ritual practices surrounding houses in the Priangun’ie region of China. This region was populated by Russians from the late 19th century on. A large group of immigrants (Russian, Tungus and Buriat) immigrated there from the Transbaikal region of Russia after the establishment of Soviet rule in the early 20th century. The paper examines what remains of Russian traditional practices, how they have been blended with native Chinese traditions, and adapted over time to reflect intermarriage between people of Chinese or Tungus and Russian descent.

scholarly journals Cartographic depiction of religious buildings and cemeteries on cadastral maps created during the first cadastral survey of Bosnia and Herzegovina

Geoadria ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nedim Tuno ◽  
Jusuf Topoljak ◽  
Admir Mulahusić ◽  
Mithad Kozličić
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Bosnia And Herzegovina ◽  
Religious Communities ◽  
Early 20Th Century ◽  
Religious Buildings ◽  
Cadastral Maps ◽  
Archival Documents ◽  
Over Time

This paper deals with cartographic depictions of religious facilities and cemeteries in Bosnia and Herzegovina on cadastral maps created during the Austro-Hungarian administration. It shows how cartographic depictions of these plans changed over time, based on collections of topographic symbols published in the late 19th and the early 20th century. Relevant cartographic sources depicting religious buildings were identified and collected through analysis of genuine archival documents, i.e. relevant cartographical sources of different scales and types. The research of the materials resulted in a scientific description of the most important aspects of religious facilities belonging to different religious communities in Bosnia and Herzegovina.

Djalkiri

2021 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Early 20Th Century ◽  
Philosophical Foundations ◽  
Collaborative Community ◽  
Arnhem Land ◽  
New Type ◽  
The University ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Over Time

Djalkiri are “footprints" – ancestral imprints on the landscape that provide the Yolŋu people of eastern Arnhem Land with their philosophical foundations. This book describes how Yolŋu artists and communities keep these foundations strong, and how they have worked with museums to develop a collaborative, community-led approach to the collection and display of their artwork. It includes contributions from Yolŋu elders and artists as well as Indigenous and non-Indigenous historians and curators. Together they explore how the relationship between communities and museums has changed over time. From the early 20th century, anthropologists and other collectors acquired artworks and objects and took photographs in Arnhem Land that became part of collections at the University of Sydney. Later generations of Yolŋu have sought out these materials and, with museum curators, proposed a new type of relationship, based on a deeper respect for Yolŋu intellectual frameworks and a commitment to their central role in curation. This book tells some of their stories.

Social Systems on the Cross

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marinos Diamantides ◽  
Anton Schütz
Keyword(s):  
Systems Theory ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
Social Systems ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
The Other ◽  
Social Darwinism ◽  
Early 20Th Century ◽  
Individual Identity ◽  
Human Consciousness ◽  
The One

While early 20th century Social Darwinism has been discredited, post-WW2 theories have re-emphasized Darwin's notion of the environment. On this basis, and substituting social systems for natural species, society has been analyzed as a system-in-evolution, a machinery that, reflexively or self-referentially, produces itself at every moment anew. Modern society, according to social systems theory, continuously makes itself, thanks to countless simultaneous communications taking place at once. There are two equally disquieting lessons here. On the one hand, modern law, understood as the communicative system that applies the distinction lawful/unlawful to everything that gets in its way, is placed within an environment constituted by other communicative social systems (the economy, politics, religion, art etc) and the conditions created by those. On the other hand, social systems at large are separated from the realm of human consciousness, i.e. of collective or individual identity (the ‘psychic systems’). While ‘social' and ‘psychic’ systems never meet, they rely on absolute indifference with respect to their other side, as only this indifference enables especially social systems to assure their (superior) fact-creating potential. Our own project consists in spelling out the implications of this scissile sense of ‘meaning’, at once understood as a shorthand for what is actually happening (fragmented communications) and as consciousness-as-identity (imaginary unity).

The Theoretical Foundations and Historical Development of Interdisciplinarity

2017 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Mohammed Nasser Al-Suqri ◽  
Salim Said AlKindi
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Historical Development ◽  
Early 20Th Century ◽  
Theoretical Understanding ◽  
Research And Education ◽  
Theoretical Foundations ◽  
Over Time

The concept of interdisciplinarity has a long history but interpretations of this term and the importance of interdisciplinarity in research and education have varied over time. This chapter traces the theoretical understanding and historical development of interdisciplinarity to provide background and context for the book. First it examines the ways in which interdisciplinarity and similar phenomena have been conceptualized in the literature. A roughly chronological account of the main theoretical and empirical developments in interdisciplinarity is then set out, divided into three main periods dating from the early 20th century to the present day.

scholarly journals Causing a Ruckus: Complicity and Performance in Stories of Port Moody

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 ◽  
pp. 38-53
Author(s):  
Matthew Hayes
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
Public History ◽  
Early 20Th Century ◽  
Race And Class ◽  
Long Time ◽  
And Performance ◽  
History Book ◽  
The Way

This article is about the suicide of the chief of police of a small Canadian town, which - according to some - did not actually happen. While employed as a researcher and writer with a museum in Port Moody, British Columbia, the author heard this story as one of many told by the ‘old-timers’ who assisted with the writing of a history book. The controversy over the potential suicide provided the means by which this article reflects on issues of ethics, advocacy, and performance when doing public history. The main request of the old-timers was to ‘put the good stories in’ when writing the book. This expectation caused tension between the author and the museum, reflecting the divide between doing ‘history’ and ‘heritage’. This article draws on Anthropological theories of ‘complicity’ and performance in storytelling to make sense of the author’s role within the context of a museum working to record the stories of long-time residents. The stories of the old-timers were filtered through the lens of early 20th century ideas about gender, race, and class, and affected by a lingering frontier mentality. As such, they wished to see their town’s history told in a very specific way. The story of the police chief’s suicide betrayed this intent, allowing for an analysis of how these expectations can affect the way in which public history is done.

Changes at the Top: A Cross-country Examination over the 20th Century of the Rise (and Fall) in Rank of the Top Cities in National Urban Hierarchies

Urban Studies ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 47 (9) ◽  
pp. 1843-1860 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mario Polèse ◽  
Jonathan Denis-Jacob
Keyword(s):  
Technological Change ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
New World ◽  
Rank Order ◽  
Central Place ◽  
Developing Nations ◽  
Political Events ◽  
Cross Country ◽  
Year 2000 ◽  
Over Time

The paper documents the evolution of rank orders for cities at the top of national urban hierarchies (top 10 cities, where possible). Ranks for the year 2000 are compared with 1950 for 74 nations and with 1900 for 52 nations, covering 375 and 288 cities respectively. Rank correlations with the year 2000 are calculated for both years. The rank order of cities in Europe shows significantly less variation over time than those for the New World and developing nations, consistent with the view that urban hierarchies harden as they mature. Changes in rank at the very top (rank 1) are rare. Where they occur, such changes can often be traced to political events that alter the direction of trade or the city’s role as central place. The results provide evidence both for and against locational fundamentals and cumulative causation arguments. The entrenched advantages of the first big cities to emerge are undeniable; but ‘fundamentals’ can be undermined by political events and by technological change.

scholarly journals "Once again" about "unwanted people": the transformation from literary type to a concept (historical and functional aspect). Part II.

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natal'ya V. Volodina
Keyword(s):  
Literary Criticism ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Early 20Th Century ◽  
Functional Aspect ◽  
Historical Experience ◽  
Spiritual Culture

The article continues the analysis of "unwanted people" in the literary criticism and journalism from the mid 19th century till the century's end. The focus of the authors' attention is on the polemic of Nikolay Dobrolyubov and Alexander Herzen concerning a his torical role of "unwanted people" who are associated for them with generation of the intellectuals of the 1830s—40s. It is shown in the article that characteristic of "unwanted people" is built by critics on material of literature and actuals of life of modern society. In Nikolay Dobrolyubov's works, the leading place is taken by opposition "superfl uous" Vs. "new" people. This opposition excepts the idea of continuity of generations. Alexander Herzen emphasises historical value of "superfl uous men" for development of consciousness of the person and spiritual culture of society. As the author notes, traditions of criticism of the 1830s—60s had remained in criticism and journalism within the early 20th century. The idea of denial of "unwanted people" in Russia and recognition of value of their historical experience was updated in this period. The concept of "unwanted people" becomes the sign of tragic fate of Russian intellectuals.

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