scholarly journals SOIL MOISTURE STATE AND WINTER WHEAT YIELD FORMATION IN CROP ROTATION OF FOREST – STEPPE OF ZAVOLZHYE REGION

2016 ◽  
pp. 48-54
Author(s):  
Mikhail I. Podsevalov ◽  
◽  
Aleksandr L. Toigildin ◽  
Denis E. Ayupov ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Crop Rotation ◽  
Wheat Yield ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Winter Wheat Yield ◽  
Moisture State ◽  
Yield Formation

Influence of tillage methods on the water-physical conditions of chernozem typical and winter wheat yield

2021 ◽  
Vol 2020 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 139-146
Author(s):  
O.O. Diomkin
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Water Resistance ◽  
Crop Residues ◽  
Wheat Yield ◽  
Soil Tillage ◽  
Soil Protection ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Left Bank ◽  
Protection Efficiency ◽  
Winter Wheat Yield

The article presents the results of three-year studies to determine the effectiveness of local chisel, ultra-deep chisel, chisel conventional and disk tillage when growing winter wheat after fallow in the conditions of the Left-Bank Forest-Steppe of Ukraine. It has been established that changing the plowing of local or disking soil tillage leads to an increase in the density and hardness of the arable layer. Solid chisel tillage ensures the agrophysical state of the soil at the level of plowing. Chisel loosening improves the structure of the arable layer due to an increase in the number of water resistance aggregates by 2.5–3.4 % in comparison with plowing. The methods of soil tillage in fallow have little effect on the change in the moisture content of the arable and meter layers, which is facilitated by the accumulation and retention of moisture during the maintenance of fallow. Chisel tillage contributes to an increase in soil protection efficiency of the surface by 5–7 % in comparison with plowing due to the partial preservation of crop residues in the period after harvesting the predecessor to the beginning of summer, improvement of the structure of the upper layer and differentiated redistribution of the root system. The highest level of soil protection efficiency is provided by local chisel loosening. All non-moldboard tillage in fallow contributed to an increase in the yield of wheat grain in comparison with plowing, especially after solid loosening with a chisel plow at 33-35 cm, where an increase in yield was recorded by 0.36 t/ha (9 %). An increase in the level of profitability by 16–25 % makes it possible to recommend chisel local and solid loosening by 33–35 cm in a fallow when growing winter wheat in the conditions of the Left-Bank Forest-Steppe of Ukraine. Keywords: winter wheat, chisel loosening, local loosening, efficiency, density, hardness, water resistance, yield.

scholarly journals Management of soil organic carbon in maintaining soil productivity and yield stability of winter wheat

2011 ◽  
Vol 57 (No. 5) ◽  
pp. 216-221 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Seremesic ◽  
D. Milosev ◽  
I. Djalovic ◽  
T. Zeremski ◽  
J. Ninkov
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Soil Organic Carbon ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Crop Rotation ◽  
Pannonian Basin ◽  
Wheat Yield ◽  
Soil Layer ◽  
Soil Productivity ◽  
Continuous Cropping ◽  
Winter Wheat Yield

The objective of this study was to estimate how soil organic carbon influences winter wheat yield in the South Pannonian Basin. The treatments evaluated were: fertilized 3 year and 2 year crop rotation, fertilized wheat monoculture and unfertilized 3 year and 2 year crop rotation in the 38 years of continuous cropping (1970–2007). These treatments showed a declining trend of soil organic carbon in the 0–30 cm soil layer, respectively. On average, the plow-layer of the treatments lost 10% of soil organic carbon found at the beginning of the investigated period. The plow­layer of the unfertilized treatments reached a possible soil organic carbon threshold (1.16%) after balance on decomposition and formation was observed. We found that soil organic carbon preservation coupled with proper management such as crop rotation and fertilization is important for preserving soil productivity, and when soil organic carbon increases it could benefit winter wheat yield. Obtained results are valuable for developing a sustainable cropping technology for winter wheat and soil conservation.

scholarly journals INFLUENCE OF INNOVATIVE ORGANIC FERTILIZERS ON WINTER WHEAT YIELD IN THE MIDDLE VOLGA REGION FOREST-STEPPE

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-9
Author(s):  
Sergey Zudilin ◽  
Natal'y Chukhnina
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Wheat Yield ◽  
Early Spring ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Volga Region ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Middle Volga Region ◽  
Winter Wheat Yield ◽  
Middle Volga ◽  
Tillage Treatment

The aim of the study is to increase the yield of winter wheat with the use of innovative organic fertilizers during overall tillage in conditions of the forest-steppe zone of the Middle Volga region. The research was conducted in the period involving 2017-2020. The Svetoch variety winter wheat plants, were subjected to the research. In the field experiment, organic fertilizers were applied at different tillage treatment stages. The fertilizers use during early spring sowing or winter crops aftergrowing contributed to an increase of moisture content in the meter-depth soil layer by 0.8-1.3%. Winter wheat harvesting was not affected by the soil moisture significantly depending either on fertilizers used or main tillage treatment. The organic fertilizers use led to a slight decrease in soil compaction during the sowing of early spring crops or winter wheat spring aftergrowing compared to the option without fertilizers. The in-troduction of fresh manure led to a certain increase in the contamination of crops, after the introduction of other or-ganic fertilizers studied, the number of residues and their weight was less, and no significant differences were ob-served between the variants. Factor A showed (organic fertilizers applied) during periods of 2017-2020 the yield of winter wheat was – 2.95 t/ha; fertilizers were not applied, when 30 t/ha of manure applied – 3.32 t/ha; dry organic fertilizer use – 3.35 t/ha; and liquid one – 3.36 t/ha; biohumus – 3.32 t/ha. An increase of winter wheat yield from the action of organic fertilizers was 0.37-0.41 t/ha (or 12.5-13.9%). According to factor B (main tillage), the crop yield amounted to: when plowing by 20-22 cm – 3.33 t/ha; surface tillage by 10-12 cm – 3.25 t/ha; without autumn cultural practice – 3.19 t/ha. The use of resource-saving tillage reduced the winter wheat yield by 0.08-0.14 t/ha (or by 2.5-4.4 %), that is, without a significant difference between the options.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Drought Monitoring Effect of Winter Wheat in Henan Province of China Based on Multi-Source Data

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 2801
Author(s):  
Yuan Li ◽  
Yi Dong ◽  
Dongqin Yin ◽  
Diyou Liu ◽  
Pengxin Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Wheat Yield ◽  
Growth Period ◽  
Henan Province ◽  
Agricultural Drought ◽  
Individual Growth ◽  
Drought Monitoring ◽  
Drought Indices ◽  
Winter Wheat Yield

Monitoring agricultural drought is important to food security and the sustainable development of human society. In order to improve the accuracy of soil moisture and winter wheat yield estimation, drought monitoring effects of optical drought index data, meteorological drought data, and passive microwave soil moisture data were explored during individual and whole growth periods of winter wheat in 2003–2011, taking Henan Province of China as the research area. The model of drought indices and relative meteorological yield of winter wheat in individual and whole growth periods was constructed based on multiple linear regression. Results showed a higher correlation between Moderate-Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) drought indices and 10 cm relative soil moisture (RSM10) than 20 cm (RSM20) and 50 cm (RSM50). In the whole growth period, the correlation coefficient (R) between vegetation supply water index (VSWI) and RSM10 had the highest correlation (R = −0.206), while in individual growth periods, the vegetation temperature condition index (VTCI) was superior to the vegetation health index (VHI) and VSWI. Among the meteorological drought indices, the 10-day, 20-day, and 30-day standard precipitation evapotranspiration indices (SPEI1, SPEI2, and SPEI3) were all most relevant to RSM10 during individual and whole growth periods. RSM50 and SPEI3 had a higher correlation, indicating that deep soil moisture was more related to drought on a long time scale. The relationship between Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer for EOS soil moisture (AMSR-E SM) and VTCI was stable and significantly positive in individual and whole growth periods, which was better compared to VHI and VSWI. Compared with the drought indices and the relative meteorological yield in the city, VHI had the best monitoring effect during individual and whole growth periods. Results also showed that drought occurring at the jointing–heading stage can reduce winter wheat yield, while a certain degree of drought occurring at the heading–milk ripening stage can increase the yield. In the whole growth period, the combination of SPEI1, SPEI2, and VHI had the best performance, with a coefficient of determination (R2) of 0.282 with the combination of drought indices as the independent variables and relative meteorological yield as the dependent variable. In the individual growth period, the model in the later growth period of winter wheat performed well, especially in the returning green–jointing stage (R2 = 0.212). Results show that the combination of multiple linear drought indices in the whole growth period and the model in the returning green–jointing period could improve the accuracy of winter wheat yield estimation. This study is helpful for effective agricultural drought monitoring of winter wheat in Henan Province.

scholarly journals ОЦІНКА ЗАЛЕЖНОСТІ УРОЖАЙНОСТІ ОЗИМОЇ ПШЕНИЦІ ВІД ВПЛИВУ МЕТЕОРОЛОГІЧНИХ ФАКТОРІВ В УМОВАХ ЗОНИ ЛІСОСТЕПУ

2017 ◽  
pp. 157-160
Author(s):  
Г. П. Довгаль
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Complex Analysis ◽  
Climatic Factors ◽  
Wheat Yield ◽  
Soil Layer ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Agricultural Enterprises ◽  
Winter Wheat Yield ◽  
Crop Capacity ◽  
The Impact

У статті на прикладі типових аграрних підприємств зони Лісостепу здійснено комплексний аналіз кліматичних факторів і продуктивності агроекосистем. У результаті досліджень встановлено кореляційну залежність урожайності озимої пшениці від окремих кліматичних чинників за 20-річний період (1997–2016 рр.). За визначеними математичними моделями були побудовані графіки функцій, які дають змогу прогнозувати рівень урожайності культури за різного впливу кліматичних факторів. Установлено, що для пшениці озимої найвагомішими метеорологічними факторами є кількість опадів  травня і червня, а також запаси продуктивної вологи в 20 см шарі ґрунту у квітні та травні. In the article the complex analysis of climatic factors and productivity of agro-ecosystems was made by the example of typical Forest-Steppe zones of agricultural enterprises. The studies found the correlation dependence of crop capacity of winter wheat yield of some climatic factors for the 20-year period (1997–2016). By certain mathematical models the graphics features that enable us to predict the level of productivity of various crops by the impact of climate factors were built. It is found that the most significant meteorological factors for winter wheat are rainfalls in May and June, and productive moisture reserves in the soil layer 20 cm in April and May.

scholarly journals Assimilating Soil Moisture Retrieved from Sentinel-1 and Sentinel-2 Data into WOFOST Model to Improve Winter Wheat Yield Estimation

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (13) ◽  
pp. 1618 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wen Zhuo ◽  
Jianxi Huang ◽  
Li Li ◽  
Xiaodong Zhang ◽  
Hongyuan Ma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Cloud Model ◽  
Wheat Yield ◽  
Remote Sensing Data ◽  
Yield Estimation ◽  
Sensing Data ◽  
Winter Wheat Yield ◽  
Sentinel 2

Crop yield estimation at a regional scale over a long period of time is of great significance to food security. In past decades, the integration of remote sensing observations and crop growth models has been recognized as a promising approach for crop growth monitoring and yield estimation. Optical remote sensing data are susceptible to cloud and rain, while synthetic aperture radar (SAR) can penetrate through clouds and has all-weather capabilities. This allows for more reliable and consistent crop monitoring and yield estimation in terms of radar sensor data. The aim of this study is to improve the accuracy for winter wheat yield estimation by assimilating time series soil moisture images, which are retrieved by a water cloud model using SAR and optical data as input, into the crop model. In this study, SAR images were acquired by C-band SAR sensors boarded on Sentinel-1 satellites and optical images were obtained from a Sentinel-2 multi-spectral instrument (MSI) for Hengshui city of Hebei province in China. Remote sensing data and ground data were all collected during the main growing season of winter wheat. Both the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), derived from Sentinel-2, and backscattering coefficients and polarimetric indicators, computed from Sentinel-1, were used in the water cloud model to derive time series soil moisture (SM) images. To improve the prediction of crop yields at the field scale, we incorporated remotely sensed soil moisture into the World Food Studies (WOFOST) model using the Ensemble Kalman Filter (EnKF) algorithm. In general, the trend of soil moisture inversion was consistent with the ground measurements, with the coefficient of determination (R2) equal to 0.45, 0.53, and 0.49, respectively, and RMSE was 9.16%, 7.43%, and 8.53%, respectively, for three observation dates. The winter wheat yield estimation results showed that the assimilation of remotely sensed soil moisture improved the correlation of observed and simulated yields (R2 = 0.35; RMSE =934 kg/ha) compared to the situation without data assimilation (R2 = 0.21; RMSE = 1330 kg/ha). Consequently, the results of this study demonstrated the potential and usefulness of assimilating SM retrieved from both Sentinel-1 C-band SAR and Sentinel-2 MSI optical remote sensing data into WOFOST model for winter wheat yield estimation and could also provide a reference for crop yield estimation with data assimilation for other crop types.

scholarly journals Influence of Take-All Epidemics on Winter Wheat Yield Formation and Yield Loss

2001 ◽  
Vol 91 (7) ◽  
pp. 694-701 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandra Schoeny ◽  
Marie-Hélène Jeuffroy ◽  
Philippe Lucas
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Stem Elongation ◽  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Wheat Yield ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Winter Wheat Yield ◽  
Yield Formation ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Take All

The effects of take-all epidemics on winter wheat yield formation were determined, and disease-yield relationships were established to assess the agronomic efficacy and economic benefits of control methods. Epidemics were generated in naturally infested fields by varying cropping season, crop order in the rotation, and experimental fungicide seed treatment. Disease incidence and severity were assessed from tillering to flowering. Yield components were measured at harvest. Models simulating the formation of the yield components in the absence of limiting factors were used to estimate the losses caused by take-all. Losses were predicted by the disease level at a specific time or the area under the disease progress curve, reflecting accumulation during a specific period. Losses of grain number per square meter and 1,000-grain weight were linked to cumulative disease incidence between the beginning of stem elongation and flowering, and disease incidence at midstem elongation, respectively. Yield losses were accounted for by both cumulative disease incidence between sowing and flowering, and disease incidence at midstem elongation. Results confirm the importance of nitrogen fertilization in reducing the impact of take-all on wheat.

scholarly journals YIELD AND QUALITY OF WINTER WHEAT GRAIN DEPENDING ON HUMIC FERTILIZER GUMOSTIM AND FORECROPS

2020 ◽  
pp. 44-49
Author(s):  
С.В. Богомазов ◽  
А.В. Лянденбурская ◽  
А.А. Левин ◽  
О.А. Ткачук ◽  
Е.В. Ефремова
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Wheat Yield ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Wheat Grain ◽  
Average Yield ◽  
Middle Volga Region ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Winter Wheat Yield ◽  
Middle Volga

Целью исследований являлось совершенствование элементов технологии возделывания озимой пшеницы в лесостепи Среднего Поволжья, позволяющих оптимизировать условия роста и развития. Исследованиями установлено, что средняя урожайность озимой пшеницы по предшественнику сидеральный пар находилась на уровне 3,19 т/га, что на 0,1 т меньше, по сравнению с черным паром. Совместная обработка семян и вегетирующих растений гуминовым удобрением Гумостим достоверно приводила к увеличению урожайности озимой пшеницы на 0,46 т/га. Наибольший уровень рентабельности (42,18 %) был отмечен в варианте с обработкой семян и вегетирующих растений гуминовым удобрением Гумостим по предшественнику черный пар. The research aimed to improve the elements of the technology for the cultivation of winter wheat in the forest-steppe of the Middle Volga region, allowing to optimize the conditions for growth and development. The studies have established that the average yield of winter wheat with green manure fallow as a forecrop was at 3.19 t/ha, which was 0.1 t less compared with black fallow. Joint treatment of seeds and vegetative plants with humic fertilizer Gumostim significantly led to an increase in winter wheat yield by 0.46 t/ ha. The highest level of profitability (42.18%) was noted in the variant with the treatment of seeds and vegetative plants with humic fertilizer Gumostim after black fallow as the forecrop.

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