scholarly journals ОЦІНКА ЗАЛЕЖНОСТІ УРОЖАЙНОСТІ ОЗИМОЇ ПШЕНИЦІ ВІД ВПЛИВУ МЕТЕОРОЛОГІЧНИХ ФАКТОРІВ В УМОВАХ ЗОНИ ЛІСОСТЕПУ

2017 ◽  
pp. 157-160
Author(s):  
Г. П. Довгаль
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Complex Analysis ◽  
Climatic Factors ◽  
Wheat Yield ◽  
Soil Layer ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Agricultural Enterprises ◽  
Winter Wheat Yield ◽  
Crop Capacity ◽  
The Impact

У статті на прикладі типових аграрних підприємств зони Лісостепу здійснено комплексний аналіз кліматичних факторів і продуктивності агроекосистем. У результаті досліджень встановлено кореляційну залежність урожайності озимої пшениці від окремих кліматичних чинників за 20-річний період (1997–2016 рр.). За визначеними математичними моделями були побудовані графіки функцій, які дають змогу прогнозувати рівень урожайності культури за різного впливу кліматичних факторів. Установлено, що для пшениці озимої найвагомішими метеорологічними факторами є кількість опадів  травня і червня, а також запаси продуктивної вологи в 20 см шарі ґрунту у квітні та травні. In the article the complex analysis of climatic factors and productivity of agro-ecosystems was made by the example of typical Forest-Steppe zones of agricultural enterprises. The studies found the correlation dependence of crop capacity of winter wheat yield of some climatic factors for the 20-year period (1997–2016). By certain mathematical models the graphics features that enable us to predict the level of productivity of various crops by the impact of climate factors were built. It is found that the most significant meteorological factors for winter wheat are rainfalls in May and June, and productive moisture reserves in the soil layer 20 cm in April and May.

Influence of tillage methods on the water-physical conditions of chernozem typical and winter wheat yield

2021 ◽  
Vol 2020 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 139-146
Author(s):  
O.O. Diomkin
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Water Resistance ◽  
Crop Residues ◽  
Wheat Yield ◽  
Soil Tillage ◽  
Soil Protection ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Left Bank ◽  
Protection Efficiency ◽  
Winter Wheat Yield

The article presents the results of three-year studies to determine the effectiveness of local chisel, ultra-deep chisel, chisel conventional and disk tillage when growing winter wheat after fallow in the conditions of the Left-Bank Forest-Steppe of Ukraine. It has been established that changing the plowing of local or disking soil tillage leads to an increase in the density and hardness of the arable layer. Solid chisel tillage ensures the agrophysical state of the soil at the level of plowing. Chisel loosening improves the structure of the arable layer due to an increase in the number of water resistance aggregates by 2.5–3.4 % in comparison with plowing. The methods of soil tillage in fallow have little effect on the change in the moisture content of the arable and meter layers, which is facilitated by the accumulation and retention of moisture during the maintenance of fallow. Chisel tillage contributes to an increase in soil protection efficiency of the surface by 5–7 % in comparison with plowing due to the partial preservation of crop residues in the period after harvesting the predecessor to the beginning of summer, improvement of the structure of the upper layer and differentiated redistribution of the root system. The highest level of soil protection efficiency is provided by local chisel loosening. All non-moldboard tillage in fallow contributed to an increase in the yield of wheat grain in comparison with plowing, especially after solid loosening with a chisel plow at 33-35 cm, where an increase in yield was recorded by 0.36 t/ha (9 %). An increase in the level of profitability by 16–25 % makes it possible to recommend chisel local and solid loosening by 33–35 cm in a fallow when growing winter wheat in the conditions of the Left-Bank Forest-Steppe of Ukraine. Keywords: winter wheat, chisel loosening, local loosening, efficiency, density, hardness, water resistance, yield.

scholarly journals Assessment of current climate conditions changes in the territory of Ciscaucasia for the purposes of forecasting winter wheat yield

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 117-127
Author(s):  
S. N. Volkov ◽  
S. V. Savinova ◽  
E. V. Cherkashina ◽  
D. A Shapovalov ◽  
V. V. Bratkov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Climatic Factors ◽  
Wheat Yield ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Climate Conditions ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Current Climate ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
Winter Wheat Yield ◽  
High Level

Аim. Assessment of current climate changes in the territory of Ciscaucasia in order to predict the yield of winter wheat.Methods .Integral indicators of climatic conditions for agricultural production were employed. For the investigations, we selected five‐year periods for which the meteorological parameters were averaged, and to identify trends the data of specific five‐year periods were compared with the average value for the entireseries of observations (1960‐2020).Results. The deviation of precipitation in April was highest in 2011‐2015, when it increased by 22 mm, and in 1986‐1990 and 1991‐1995, when it decreased by 15 and 10 mm respectively. In Eastern Ciscaucasia,where conditions are more arid than in the Western and Central regions, in both the rise in air temperature and the amount of precipitation, especially in April and May, increased in the 21stcentury for the entire period of active vegetation.Conclusion.It was established that the value of the hydrothermal coefficient practically did not change during the 1960‐2020 period. In the late 1990s and early 2000s, there was an increase in productivity against the background of a relatively high level of annual precipitation and this stability is confirmed at the present time. There is a very close relationship between natural and climatic factors and the level of winter wheat yield.

scholarly journals Effects of essential oils on mycoflora and winter wheat seed germination

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 16-22
Author(s):  
T.O. Rozhkova ◽  
S.V. Stankevych ◽  
A.V. Matsyura
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Seed Treatment ◽  
Complex Analysis ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Bipolaris Sorokiniana ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Wheat Seed ◽  
The Impact

The mycoflora of winter wheat seed consists of various fungi that differ as to the parasitism rate. Their harmfulness is connected with their phytotoxic action and ability to produce mycotoxins. Assuming that essential oils have an effective antifungal impact, we studied the effectiveness of 13 essential oils which were produced by LLC "Aromatyka", Ukraine (cinnamon, orange, peppermint, rosemary, vervain, ylang-ylang, sandal, fennel, lavender, eucalypt, bergamot, frankincense, and geranium) on securing of a group of fungi from winter wheat seeds. The seed mycoflora of Bogdana variety harvested in 2017-2020, which was grown in the North- Eastern Forest-Steppe zone of Ukraine (Sumy oblast), was analyzed. A fungi complex analysis was made on the media PGA. The impact of essential oils on seed germinating ability and the length of wheat sprouts on the 7th day has been determined. A longterm studying of seed treatment by essential oils showed their effects on mycoflora formation. These plants affected not only the fungi amount but also changed their secure spectrum. The studies admit a negative impact of fungi on seed germination and plant development. The highest seed germination equaled 95% under its treatment with rosemary and orange oils. However, under seed treatment with rosemary oil, there appeared Fusarium sp. and Bipolaris sorokiniana (Sacc.) Shoem., which harms seed germination. Orange oil has increased the number of fungi of Penicillium sp. The best results (based on three indices) had sandal oil, under which the fungus colony has increased half, and seed germination equaled 61%, the sprout length was maximal when applying other oils (58.8 mm). The essential oils which fully inhibited seed and fungi development (cinnamon, fennel, vervain, geranium) were determined. The study of two of them as fungicides for treatments at the beginning of wheat flowering proved a similar effect to falcon on the change of the internal seed mycoflora.

scholarly journals Management of soil organic carbon in maintaining soil productivity and yield stability of winter wheat

2011 ◽  
Vol 57 (No. 5) ◽  
pp. 216-221 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Seremesic ◽  
D. Milosev ◽  
I. Djalovic ◽  
T. Zeremski ◽  
J. Ninkov
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Soil Organic Carbon ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Crop Rotation ◽  
Pannonian Basin ◽  
Wheat Yield ◽  
Soil Layer ◽  
Soil Productivity ◽  
Continuous Cropping ◽  
Winter Wheat Yield

The objective of this study was to estimate how soil organic carbon influences winter wheat yield in the South Pannonian Basin. The treatments evaluated were: fertilized 3 year and 2 year crop rotation, fertilized wheat monoculture and unfertilized 3 year and 2 year crop rotation in the 38 years of continuous cropping (1970–2007). These treatments showed a declining trend of soil organic carbon in the 0–30 cm soil layer, respectively. On average, the plow-layer of the treatments lost 10% of soil organic carbon found at the beginning of the investigated period. The plow­layer of the unfertilized treatments reached a possible soil organic carbon threshold (1.16%) after balance on decomposition and formation was observed. We found that soil organic carbon preservation coupled with proper management such as crop rotation and fertilization is important for preserving soil productivity, and when soil organic carbon increases it could benefit winter wheat yield. Obtained results are valuable for developing a sustainable cropping technology for winter wheat and soil conservation.

scholarly journals Responses of Winter Wheat Yield to Drought in the North China Plain: Spatial–Temporal Patterns and Climatic Drivers

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
pp. 3094
Author(s):  
Jianhua Yang ◽  
Jianjun Wu ◽  
Leizhen Liu ◽  
Hongkui Zhou ◽  
Adu Gong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Time Scale ◽  
North China Plain ◽  
North China ◽  
Climatic Factors ◽  
Wheat Yield ◽  
Response Patterns ◽  
The North ◽  
The North China Plain ◽  
Winter Wheat Yield

Understanding the winter wheat yield responses to drought are the keys to minimizing drought-related winter wheat yield losses under climate change. The research goal of our study is to explore the response patterns of winter wheat yield to drought in the North China Plain (NCP) and then further to study which climatic factors drive the response patterns. For this purpose, winter wheat yield was simulated by the Environmental Policy Integrated Climate (EPIC) crop model. Drought was quantified by standardized precipitation evapotranspiration index (SPEI), and the contributions of the various climatic factors were evaluated using predictive discriminant analysis (PDA) method. The results showed that the responses of winter wheat yield to different time-scale droughts have obvious spatial differences from the north part to the south part in the NCP. Winter wheat yield is more sensitive to the medium (6–9 months) and long (9–12 months) time-scale droughts that occurred in the key growth periods (April and May). The different response patterns of winter wheat yield to the different time-scale droughts are mainly controlled by temperature and water balance (precipitation minus potential evapotranspiration) in winter in the NCP. Compared with the water balance, temperature plays a more important role in driving the response pattern characteristics. These findings can provide a reference on how to reduce drought influences on winter wheat yield in the NCP.

scholarly journals INFLUENCE OF INNOVATIVE ORGANIC FERTILIZERS ON WINTER WHEAT YIELD IN THE MIDDLE VOLGA REGION FOREST-STEPPE

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-9
Author(s):  
Sergey Zudilin ◽  
Natal'y Chukhnina
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Wheat Yield ◽  
Early Spring ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Volga Region ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Middle Volga Region ◽  
Winter Wheat Yield ◽  
Middle Volga ◽  
Tillage Treatment

The aim of the study is to increase the yield of winter wheat with the use of innovative organic fertilizers during overall tillage in conditions of the forest-steppe zone of the Middle Volga region. The research was conducted in the period involving 2017-2020. The Svetoch variety winter wheat plants, were subjected to the research. In the field experiment, organic fertilizers were applied at different tillage treatment stages. The fertilizers use during early spring sowing or winter crops aftergrowing contributed to an increase of moisture content in the meter-depth soil layer by 0.8-1.3%. Winter wheat harvesting was not affected by the soil moisture significantly depending either on fertilizers used or main tillage treatment. The organic fertilizers use led to a slight decrease in soil compaction during the sowing of early spring crops or winter wheat spring aftergrowing compared to the option without fertilizers. The in-troduction of fresh manure led to a certain increase in the contamination of crops, after the introduction of other or-ganic fertilizers studied, the number of residues and their weight was less, and no significant differences were ob-served between the variants. Factor A showed (organic fertilizers applied) during periods of 2017-2020 the yield of winter wheat was – 2.95 t/ha; fertilizers were not applied, when 30 t/ha of manure applied – 3.32 t/ha; dry organic fertilizer use – 3.35 t/ha; and liquid one – 3.36 t/ha; biohumus – 3.32 t/ha. An increase of winter wheat yield from the action of organic fertilizers was 0.37-0.41 t/ha (or 12.5-13.9%). According to factor B (main tillage), the crop yield amounted to: when plowing by 20-22 cm – 3.33 t/ha; surface tillage by 10-12 cm – 3.25 t/ha; without autumn cultural practice – 3.19 t/ha. The use of resource-saving tillage reduced the winter wheat yield by 0.08-0.14 t/ha (or by 2.5-4.4 %), that is, without a significant difference between the options.

scholarly journals Optimization of factors of managing productive processes of winter wheat in the Forest-steppe

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 44-54
Author(s):  
M. M. Marenych ◽  
V. F. Kaminsky ◽  
C. Yu. Bulygin ◽  
V. V. Hanhur ◽  
I. V. Korotkova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Wheat Yield ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilizers ◽  
Maximal Increase ◽  
Foliar Fertilization ◽  
Combined Application ◽  
Effi Ciency ◽  
Crop Development ◽  
Winter Wheat Yield ◽  
The Impact

Aim. To study the impact of complex preparations, containing humic, fulvic and ulmic acids in combination with herbicides and nitrogen fertilizers, on winter wheat yield. Methods. Field, laboratory, statistical methods. Results. The impact of herbicides with different active substances and their mixtures with humic preparations Humifi eld and Foliar concentrate on weed infestation and productivity of Kryzhynka winter variety was investigated. It was determined that the application of herbicide Prima (400 g/ha) and the mixture of preparations Triger (25 g/ha) + Tomigan (0.5 l/ha) in combination with humic preparation Humifi eld in the dose of 200 g/ha had practically no impact on the crop productivity. A considerable increase in the yield, for instance, by 15.6–20.3 %, was observed in case of spraying the fi elds with the same preparation forms of herbicides in the tank mixture with humic stimulator 4R Foliar concentrate in the dose of 2.0 kg/ha. The application of humates in combination with nitrogen fertilizers with the purpose of optimizing the nutrition system for winter wheat via their introduction superfi cially and by spraying the leaf-stem mass of plants was studied. It was demonstrated that the application of the growth regulator 5R SoilBoost in the amount of 11 kg/ha in the mixture with 200 kg/ha of ammonia nitrate led to the increase of productivity for Smuhlianka and Slavna varieties by 11.2 and 8.5 % respectively, and double foliar application of 4R Foliar concentrate (2+2 kg/ha) in the mixture with ammonia nitrate – by 15.5 %. The maximal increase in productivity by 20–23 % was obtained after combined application of humic stimulators 5R SoilBoost (11 kg/ha) and 4R Foliar concentrate (2+2 kg/ha) on the background of ammonia nitrate (200 kg/ha of physical weight). The effi ciency of foliar fertilization for wheat fi elds of Kubus and Mulan varieties using the mixtures of humates and carbamide-ammonia mixture in different phases of crop development was analyzed. The application of such combinations also promoted the productivity increase by 10.0–21.4 %. Conclusions. The increase in productivity of Kryzhynka winter wheat variety by 0.64–0.84 t/ha was determined after spraying crop fi elds with the tank mixture of herbicides and humic stimulator 4R Foliar concentrate in the dose of 2.0 kg/ha. The effi ciency of optimizing the nutrition system of plants via separate or combined application of humic preparations, in particular, granulated 5R SoilBoost (11 kg/ha), superfi cially, and 4R Foliar concentrate (2 kg/ha+2 kg/ ha) in case of foliar fertilization for fi elds in different phases of crop development on the background of early spring introduction of ammonia nitrate (200 kg/ha) to frozen-thawed soil was proven. The increase in wheat productivity was observed in all variants of applying these mixtures. However, the maximal increase in the winter wheat yield was obtained due to the fertilization technology, envisaging the use of humates 5R SoilBoost and 4R Foliar concentrate on the background of ammonia nitrate. There was a noted increase in grain productivity of winter wheat varieties Kubus and Mulan by 0.50–0.94 and 0.41–1.08 t/ha respectively in case of superfi cial introduction of humic preparation 5R SoilBoost (11 kg/ha) and foliar fertilization of wheat fi elds with 4R Foliar concentrate (2+2 kg/ha) in combination with carbamide-ammonia mixture (200 + 100 kg/ha).

scholarly journals Climate Change Impacts on Winter Wheat Yield in Northern China

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiu Geng ◽  
Fang Wang ◽  
Wei Ren ◽  
Zhixin Hao
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Climatic Factors ◽  
Wheat Yield ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Northern China ◽  
Series Data ◽  
Winter Wheat Yield ◽  
Impacts Of Climate Change

Exploring the impacts of climate change on agriculture is one of important topics with respect to climate change. We quantitatively examined the impacts of climate change on winter wheat yield in Northern China using the Cobb–Douglas production function. Utilizing time-series data of agricultural production and meteorological observations from 1981 to 2016, the impacts of climatic factors on wheat production were assessed. It was found that the contribution of climatic factors to winter wheat yield per unit area (WYPA) was 0.762–1.921% in absolute terms. Growing season average temperature (GSAT) had a negative impact on WYPA for the period of 1981–2016. A 1% increase in GSAT could lead to a loss of 0.109% of WYPA when the other factors were constant. While growing season precipitation (GSP) had a positive impact on WYPA, as a 1% increase in GSP could result in 0.186% increase in WYPA, other factors kept constant. Then, the impacts on WYPA for the period 2021–2050 under two different emissions scenarios RCP4.5 and RCP8.5 were forecasted. For the whole study area, GSAT is projected to increase 1.37°C under RCP4.5 and 1.54°C under RCP8.5 for the period 2021–2050, which will lower the average WYPA by 1.75% and 1.97%, respectively. GSP is tended to increase by 17.31% under RCP4.5 and 22.22% under RCP8.5 and will give a rise of 3.22% and 4.13% in WYPA. The comprehensive effect of GSAT and GSP will increase WYPA by 1.47% under RCP4.5 and 2.16% under RCP8.5.

The impact of variation in grain number and individual grain weight on winter wheat yield in the high yield potential environment of Ireland

2017 ◽  
Vol 87 ◽  
pp. 40-49 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph P. Lynch ◽  
Deirdre Doyle ◽  
Shauna McAuley ◽  
Fiona McHardy ◽  
Quentin Danneels ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Wheat Yield ◽  
Grain Weight ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Grain Number ◽  
Winter Wheat Yield ◽  
The Impact ◽  
High Yield Potential
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