scholarly journals Evaluation of Fibrotic Changes in OSMF:A Retrospective Study Using Special Stains and Polarizing Microscopy

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 1518
Author(s):  
Parvez Ikram ◽  
Nadeem Jeddy
Keyword(s):  
Connective Tissue ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Oral Submucous Fibrosis ◽  
Muscle Layer ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Polarizing Microscopy ◽  
Potentially Malignant ◽  
Tissue Changes ◽  
Submucous Fibrosis ◽  
Picrosirius Red

<p><strong>Background:</strong> Oral submucous fibrosis (OSMF), a potentially malignant oral disorder has the highest rate of malignant transformation of about 7-13%. The connective tissue changes that occur in this disease are characteristic and are stained with special stains.</p><p><strong>Objective:</strong> The study was done to compare common and special stains under light microscopy and polarizing microscopy to evaluate the levels of fibrosis in oral submucous fibrosis and assess the type of collagen present in the stromal area.</p><p><strong>Materials and Methods:</strong> Fifty tissue blocks were selected from the archives and were prepared and stained with H&amp;E, Masson's trichrome, Van Gieson and Picrosirius red and studied under light microscope and polarizing microscope respectively.</p><p><strong>Results:</strong> H and E stained slides were useful in diagnosing the lesion but was not able to highlight the level of fibrosis. Masson's trichrome and Van Gieson stained slides showed the depth of the lesion which extended even to the deeper muscle layer. The type of collagen present was definitively seen by the birefringence in polarizing microscopic study. Interobserver variation was less and all the values regarding the effectiveness of the special stains in detecting the level of fibrosis were statistically significant.</p><p><strong>Conclusion:</strong> Special stains can be used routinely in laboratories to demonstrate connective tissue lesions especially in cases of OSMF. Depth of the lesion and the area of involvement help in treatment planning to be delivered. Large scale studies with more categories and inclusion criteria are required along with the special stains to assess the other alterations in OSMF.</p>

scholarly journals Evaluation of muscle involvement & degeneration in advanced oral submucous fibrosis using three different stains – a retrospective cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Krishnapriya Umashankar ◽  
Herald J Sherlin ◽  
Gifrina Jayaraj ◽  
Kanchi Ravi Don ◽  
Archana Santhanam
Keyword(s):  
Connective Tissue ◽  
Oral Submucous Fibrosis ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Muscle Degeneration ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Muscle Involvement ◽  
Tissue Changes ◽  
Submucous Fibrosis ◽  
Hematoxylin And Eosin ◽  
Hematoxylin And Eosin Stain

ABSTRACT Background: Oral submucous fibrosis (OSMF) is graded according to various histological factors which include the epithelial changes and the connective tissue changes. These features could be identified in routine Hematoxylin and Eosin (H and E) staining in shades of pink. However, the use of special stains provides a contrast to various connective tissue components thereby aiding in better visualization of these connective tissue changes in advanced OSMF cases. Objective: To compare and evaluate muscle involvement and degeneration in advanced oral submucous fibrosis using three different stains namely, H&E, Van Gieson, and Masson’s Trichrome. Material and Methods: 10 Formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue sections of advanced OSMFwere stained using 3 different stains namely Hematoxylin and Eosin (H&E), Van-Gieson, and Masson trichrome. The results obtained were tabulated and statistically analyzed using Kruskal Wallis ANOVA. Results: The hyalinization and fibrosis involving the skeletal muscle were better visualized in Masson’s Trichrome but were not statistically significant. The muscle degeneration in deeper areas was better visualized in Masson’s trichrome when compared to the H&E and Van Gieson. Conclusion: Hematoxylin and eosin stains all the connective tissue components in various shades of pink, use of special stains bestows contrast between different components of connective tissue, thus improvising grading of OSMF. Masson’s trichrome stain can be used as a single adjunct to hematoxylin and eosin stain as changes in the superficial and deeper connective tissue could be ascertained. Keywords Fibrosis; Masson’s trichrome stain; Muscle degeneration; Oral submucous fibrosis grading.

scholarly journals Oral submucous fibrosis: Histopathological features with pathophysiologic correlations

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 211-215
Author(s):  
Sanpreet Singh Sachdev ◽  
Yogita Bhaginath Adhane ◽  
Manisha Ahire Sardar ◽  
Tabita Joy Chettiankandy ◽  
Sarang Gautam Sonawane
Keyword(s):  
Connective Tissue ◽  
Malignant Transformation ◽  
Oral Submucous Fibrosis ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Response To Treatment ◽  
Transformation Rate ◽  
Histopathological Features ◽  
Potentially Malignant ◽  
Submucous Fibrosis

Oral submucous fibrosis (OSMF) is a potentially malignant disorder characterized by juxtaepithelial inflammation and progressive fibrosis of submucosal tissues. It may affect any part of the oral cavity, as well as pharynx and oesophagus. The pathogenesis of OSMF may be attributable to habitual chewing of areca nut and its products, which is more prevalent amongst young population of South East Asia and India. Various histopathological features in different tissue components- epithelial, connective tissue stroma, muscle and salivary gland may be observed along the course of this chronic disorder. In connective tissue, extensive fibrosis with progressive hyalinization of collagen fibers and muscles accompanied by inflammatory response is considered to be pathognomonic feature. Advanced stages of OSMF may show atrophic changes or even dysplasia in the epithelium which may undergo malignant transformation. Malignant transformation rate of OSMF has been proved to be around 7.5%. Thus, identification of early histopathological changes in OSMF can lead to improved survival rates. The present article illustrates the various histopathological features observed during different stages of development of OSMF. A better understanding of the correlation between histopathological features and corresponding clinical manifestations can aid dental surgeons in prognostication of the lesion and determining response to treatment.

scholarly journals Targeting lncRNA H19/miR-29b/COL1A1 Axis Impedes Myofibroblast Activities of Precancerous Oral Submucous Fibrosis

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 2216
Author(s):  
Cheng-Chia Yu ◽  
Yi-Wen Liao ◽  
Pei-Ling Hsieh ◽  
Yu-Chao Chang
Keyword(s):  
Type I Collagen ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor ◽  
Smooth Muscle Actin ◽  
Oral Submucous Fibrosis ◽  
Ectopic Expression ◽  
Collagen Gel ◽  
Type I ◽  
Migration Ability ◽  
Potentially Malignant ◽  
Submucous Fibrosis

Oral submucous fibrosis (OSF) is known as a potentially malignant disorder, which may result from chemical irritation due to areca nuts (such as arecoline). Emerging evidence suggests that fibrogenesis and carcinogenesis are regulated by the interaction of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) and microRNAs. Among these regulators, profibrotic lncRNA H19 has been found to be overexpressed in several fibrosis diseases. Here, we examined the expression of H19 in OSF specimens and its functional role in fibrotic buccal mucosal fibroblasts (fBMFs). Our results indicate that the aberrantly overexpressed H19 contributed to higher myofibroblast activities, such as collagen gel contractility and migration ability. We also demonstrated that H19 interacted with miR-29b, which suppressed the direct binding of miR-29b to the 3′-untranslated region of type I collagen (COL1A1). We showed that ectopic expression of miR-29b ameliorated various myofibroblast phenotypes and the expression of α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), COL1A1, and fibronectin (FN1) in fBMFs. In OSF tissues, we found that the expression of miR-29b was downregulated and there was a negative correlation between miR-29b and these fibrosis markers. Lastly, we demonstrate that arecoline stimulated the upregulation of H19 through the transforming growth factor (TGF)-β pathway. Altogether, this study suggests that increased TGF-β secretion following areca nut chewing may induce the upregulation of H19, which serves as a natural sponge for miR-29b and impedes its antifibrotic effects.

Oral Submucous Fibrosis—treatment with hyalase

1985 ◽  
Vol 99 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. K. Kakar ◽  
R. K. Puri ◽  
V. P. Venkatachalam
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Disease ◽  
Connective Tissue ◽  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Oral Submucous Fibrosis ◽  
Unknown Etiology ◽  
Vesicle Formation ◽  
The Past ◽  
Oral Mucous Membrane ◽  
Submucous Fibrosis ◽  
Placental Extract

AbstractOral Submucous Fibrosis (OSMF) is a disease of unknown etiology. A total of 96 patients with Oral Submucous Fibrosis have received four regimens of treatment–local dexamethasone, local hyaluronidase, local combination of dexamethasone and hyaluronidase, and local placental extract. The patients were followed up for a period varying from 3 months to 2 years. The group of patients receiving hyaluronidase alone showed quicker improvement in symptoms although its combination with dexamethasone gave somewhat better longer-term results. A new regimen for the treatment of submucous fibrosis is recommended.Oral Submucous Fibrosis is a well-known clinical entity, known since the time of Sushurta. In the modern literature, this condition was first reported by Schwartz (1952). Joshi (1953) was the first person to describe this entity in India.Oral Submucous Fibrosis has been defined as an insidious chronic disease of unknown etiology, reported mainly in Indians, and affecting the entire oral cavity. The basic change is a fibro-elastotic transformation of the connective tissue in the lamina propria preceded by vesicle formation. In its later stages the oral mucous membrane becomes stiff and the patient suffers from trismus and resultant difficulty in eating (Pindborg and Sirsat, 1966).The present paper deals with our experience in the management of Oral Submucous Fibrosis over the past 21/2 years.

scholarly journals Screening of Oral Potentially Malignant Disorders Using Exfoliative Cytology: A Diagnostic Modality

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arpita Kabiraj ◽  
Tanya Khaitan ◽  
Debarati Bhowmick ◽  
Uday Ginjupally ◽  
Aritri Bir ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lichen Planus ◽  
Oral Lichen Planus ◽  
Oral Submucous Fibrosis ◽  
Class Ii ◽  
Class I ◽  
Exfoliative Cytology ◽  
Potentially Malignant Disorders ◽  
Potentially Malignant ◽  
Submucous Fibrosis ◽  
Oral Lichen

Objective. Oral exfoliative cytology (OEC) has been implemented in the diagnosis of pathologic lesions for ages. The present study was undertaken to evaluate the cytomorphological features of some of the commonest potentially malignant disorders (leukoplakia, lichen planus, and oral submucous fibrosis) through a simple procedure and illustrate its importance in mass screening.Materials and Method. A total of 160 subjects with 25–50 years of age were included in the study. Among them, 40 were clinically diagnosed with oral leukoplakia, 40 were diagnosed with oral lichen planus, 40 were diagnosed with oral submucous fibrosis, and 40 were in the control group. The prepared smears were subjected to Papanicolaou stain and analyzed microscopically for the evaluation of the cytomorphological features.Results and Discussion. When analyzed microscopically, 36 (90%) out of the 40 oral leukoplakic lesions showed Class II cytological features whereas 4 (10%) revealed Class I features. Among 40 patients with oral lichen planus, 26 (65%) showed Class II features while the remaining 14 (35%) revealed Class I features. In 40 subjects with oral submucous fibrosis, 32 (80%) showed Class II features while the other 8 (20%) showed Class I features. All the 40 control subjects showed Class I features. Thus, OEC can be widely advocated as an addition to clinical conclusion and an adjunct to biopsy.

YAP-Induced Endothelial-Mesenchymal Transition in Oral Submucous Fibrosis

2019 ◽  
Vol 98 (8) ◽  
pp. 920-929 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Li ◽  
M. Yao ◽  
X. Zhu ◽  
Q. Li ◽  
J. He ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Oral Submucous Fibrosis ◽  
Translation Initiation Factor ◽  
Initiation Factor ◽  
Mesenchymal Transition ◽  
Eukaryotic Translation ◽  
Initiation Factor 2 ◽  
Potentially Malignant ◽  
Submucous Fibrosis ◽  
Mesenchymal Transformation

Oral submucous fibrosis (OSF) is a potentially malignant disorder. Current studies have shown that chewing areca nut is considered the main cause of OSF, and endothelial-mesenchymal transformation (EndMT) participates in the occurrence and development of the fibrotic lesion. However, the specific molecular mechanisms and treatments remain unclear. Here, we report the mechanism of arecoline-induced EndMT and the importance of this mechanism in OSF, and we also identify potential therapeutics for decreasing OSF incidence. We demonstrate the overexpression of Yes-associated protein (YAP) in human samples and that it was significantly associated with OSF pathologic stage. Arecoline activated YAP by increasing reactive oxygen species levels and inducing the PERK pathway (eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 alpha kinase 3), resulting in the initiation of EndMT and leading to OSF. Verteporfin, a YAP–TEA domain pathway inhibitor, suppressed EndMT and decreased collagen accumulation, resulting in the alleviation of OSF in mice. These data indicate that arecoline regulates the activity of YAP and highlight an alternative method for treating OSF.

scholarly journals Effectiveness of Long Term Supervised and Assisted Physiotherapy in Postsurgery Oral Submucous Fibrosis Patients

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Kale ◽  
N. Srivastava ◽  
V. Bagga ◽  
A. Shetty
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Options ◽  
Oral Submucous Fibrosis ◽  
Scar Contracture ◽  
Potentially Malignant Disorders ◽  
Potentially Malignant ◽  
Submucous Fibrosis ◽  
Conservative And Surgical Treatment ◽  
Subsequent Relapse

Oral submucous fibrosis is one of the leading potentially malignant disorders prevailing in India. A number of conservative and surgical treatment options have been suggested for this potentially malignant disorder (Arakeri and Brennan, 2013). While the role of physiotherapy has been highlighted in the conservative management, its importance in postsurgical cases to avoid scar contracture and subsequent relapse has not been given due importance in the literature. The following is a case report of a male patient surgically treated for OSMF (oral submucous fibrosis) and meticulously followed up for recalls and physiotherapy. The constant supervision and motivation for physiotherapy along with the constant assistance helped achieve satisfying results.

Hybrid oral potentially malignant disorder: A neglected fact in oral submucous fibrosis

Oral Oncology ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 105390
Author(s):  
Sachin C Sarode ◽  
Shailesh Gondivkar ◽  
Gargi S. Sarode ◽  
Amol Gadbail ◽  
Monal Yuwanati
Keyword(s):  
Oral Submucous Fibrosis ◽  
Potentially Malignant ◽  
Submucous Fibrosis

scholarly journals A Study to Analyze Different Patterns of Quid Usage among Subjects with Oral Submucous Fibrosis in Mangalore Population

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vidya A. Holla ◽  
L. K. Chatra ◽  
Prashanth Shenai ◽  
Devika Shetty ◽  
Ashwini Baliga
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Stage ◽  
Oral Submucous Fibrosis ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Areca Nut ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Potentially Malignant ◽  
Carcinogenic Effects ◽  
Submucous Fibrosis ◽  
Youth Population

Aim and Objectives. Oral submucous fibrosis (OSF) is a potentially malignant disorder associated with the usage of areca nut. Usage of processed forms of areca nut is popular among the youth and its carcinogenic effects are not well known. Due to large immigrant population, various patterns of areca nut usage are seen. The aim of this study is to assess the various quid chewing patterns and their association with severity of OSF.Materials and Methods. A cross-sectional study was carried out with 250 cases clinically and histologically diagnosed as having OSF lesion that were selected and subjected to a detailed habit history which was recorded through preformed questionnaire. The data obtained was statistically analyzed.Results. Among the 250 subjects, males were seen to be affected more than females within the age group of 26–35 years and were having clinical stage I OSF. A combination of processed areca nut and processed tobacco was used by the majority of the subjects with duration of 1 to 5 years, at a frequency of 3 to 5 quids per day.Conclusion. The present study confirms the association between oral submucous fibrosis and the quid containing processed areca nut and processed tobacco and also highlights the increasing youth population using the processed forms of areca nut.

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