scholarly journals Comparative analysis of detection methods of Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamases in Gram Negative clinical isolates with special reference to their Genotypic Expression

2014 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 34-41
Author(s):  
Mohammed Hisham P P ◽  
◽  
Shabina M B ◽  
Remadevi S ◽  
Beena Philomina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Special Reference ◽  
Clinical Isolates ◽  
Detection Methods ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Beta Lactamases ◽  
Extended Spectrum ◽  
Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamases

scholarly journals Comparative in vitro activities of carbapenem L-749,345 and other antimicrobials against multiresistant gram-negative clinical pathogens.

1997 ◽  
Vol 41 (8) ◽  
pp. 1830-1831 ◽  
Author(s):  
G Jacoby ◽  
P Han ◽  
J Tran
Keyword(s):  
Klebsiella Pneumoniae ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Clinical Isolates ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Beta Lactamases ◽  
Extended Spectrum ◽  
Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamases ◽  
Clinical Pathogens

Carbapenems L-749,345 and imipenem had the lowest MICs at which 90% of isolates were inhibited (0.5 microg/ml) of 14 antimicrobial agents tested against 76 multiresistant gram-negative clinical isolates with TEM- or SHV-type extended-spectrum beta-lactamases and chromosomal or plasmid-determined AmpC beta-lactamases, but the MIC of L-749,345 for one isolate of Klebsiella pneumoniae was 16 microg/ml.

scholarly journals Extended Spectrum Beta-Lactamases Producers among Gram-negative Bacteria from Clinical and Environmental Sources in Two Tertiary Hospitals in Makurdi, Nigeria

2020 ◽  
pp. 42-53
Author(s):  
Florence Bose Omoregbe ◽  
Obasola Ezekiel Fagade
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Isolates ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Multiple Drug ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Disc Diffusion ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Beta Lactamases ◽  
Extended Spectrum ◽  
Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamases

Extended Spectrum Beta-Lactamases (ESBLs) enzymes are produced by many Gram-negative bacteria to nearly all antibiotics. Clinical bacteria isolates were obtained from various clinical samples from the two healthcare facilities. Sewer wastewater and sediments were also collected from both hospitals using standard sampling techniques and bacteria isolated using pour plate technique. Multiple drug resistant patterns were determined using disc diffusion technique. Antibiotics sensitivity of the isolates was verified using disc diffusion method. Detection of ESBL producing bacteria was done using double disc synergy test. Data obtained were analysed using descriptive statistics. Clinical bacteria (403) were obtained, out of which 299 were confirmed Gram-negative, 218 from Federal Medical Centre (FMC) and 81 from Benue State Teaching Hospital (BSUTH). Thirty-nine Gram-negative bacteria were also isolated from the environmental samples. The ESBL producers in clinical isolates were 69 (FMC) and 42 (BSUTH) while in environmental isolates they were eight and four respectively. Out of a total of 338 environmental and clinical isolates from the two hospitals, 216 shown resistance/intermediate resistance to Ceftazidime. Of these 216, 123(36.39%) were positive for ESBLs production.- space From FMC, ESBLs producing bacteria are highly sensitive to imipenem with sensitivity frequency of 62 while they were highly resistant to ceftazidime with a frequency of 52. Age groups 0-5 had the highest percentage distribution of 21.43% and 10.14% from BSUTH and FMC respectively. ESBLs producing bacteria showed multidrug resistance.

First Detection of OXA-10 Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamases and the Occurrence of mexR and nfxB in Clinical Isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa from Nigeria

Chemotherapy ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 61 (2) ◽  
pp. 87-92 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bamidele T. Odumosu ◽  
Bola A. Adeniyi ◽  
Ram Chandra
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Efflux Pump ◽  
Clinical Isolates ◽  
Beta Lactamases ◽  
First Report ◽  
Extended Spectrum ◽  
Pcr Rflp ◽  
Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamases ◽  
Regulator Genes

Background: The characterization of β-lactamase production in Pseudomonasaeruginosa is rarely reported in Nigeria. The objective of this study was to investigate the occurrence and characterize the different β-lactamases as well as mechanisms of fluoroquinolones resistance among P. aeruginosa isolated from various clinical sources from Nigeria. Materials and Method: Isolates were investigated using PCR, RFLP and sequencing for the detection of various β-lactamases and efflux pump regulator genes. Result: The prevalence of OXA-10, AmpC, CTX-M and SHV in P. aeruginosa was 80, 70, 5 and 5%, respectively. The coexistence of blaOXA-10 with blaAmpC, blaSHV and blaCTX-M was reported in 40, 5 and 5% of isolates, respectively. The efflux pump regulator genes mexR and nfxB were both amplified in 45% of the OXA-10-positive isolates. Conclusion: This is the first report of the characterization of OXA-10 extended-spectrum β-lactamases and occurrence of mexR and nfxB efflux regulator genes in clinical isolates of P. aeruginosa in Nigeria.

scholarly journals Study of the Comparative Activity of Piperacillin/Tazobactam with Currently Available Antibiotics against 8206 Aerobic Isolates

1997 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 147-153 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin R Forward ◽  
Donald E Low ◽  
Michel Laverdiere ◽  
Robert Rennie ◽  
Andrew E Simor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Laboratory ◽  
National Committee ◽  
Community Hospitals ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Beta Lactamases ◽  
Extended Spectrum ◽  
Disk Diffusion Testing ◽  
Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamases ◽  
Gram Positive Cocci

OBJECTIVES: To compare the activity of piperacillin-tazobactam with piperacillin and other parenterally administered antibiotics against aerobic Gram-negative bacilli and Gram-positive cocci isolated from across Canada, and to determine the prevalence of resistance mediated by extended-spectrum cephalosporinases.METHODS: Sixty-one laboratories participated. Disk diffusion testing was performed in accordance with methods outlined by the National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards. Susceptibilities were performed on 8206 strains.Escherichia coliandKlebsiella pneumoniaewith reduced susceptibilities to third-generation cephalosporins were screened for extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs).RESULTS: Piperacillin-tazobactam was active against 92% of the strains, piperacillin against 81% and ticarcillin-clavulanic acid against 88%. Few differences were observed in the relative susceptibility of strains from teaching or community hospitals, from different anatomic sites or from different regions of the country. Aerobic Gram-negative bacilli tested tended to be more susceptible to all the agents than was recently reported in a similar American study. Only 43% ofEnterococcus faeciumwere susceptible to ampicillin and 42% to piperacillin piperacillin with and without tazobactam. Only two enterococcal strains were resistant to vancomycin, and 19 had intermediate zone sizes. Of the 10 strains ofE coliand eight strains ofK pneumoniaewith reduced susceptibility to extended spectrum cephalosporins, only one demonstrated typical ESBL activity.CONCLUSIONS: Canadian aerobic Gram-positive cocci and Gram-negative bacilli remain highly susceptible to many currently available antibiotics. The findings confirm a broad spectrum of activity of piperacillin-tazobactam and indicate that the pattern of susceptibility is quite uniform from different body sites, in both teaching and community hospitals, and across the country.

scholarly journals Aminoglycoside-modifying enzymes in clinical isolates harboring extended-spectrum beta-lactamases.

1992 ◽  
Vol 36 (11) ◽  
pp. 2536-2538 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Fernandez-Rodriguez ◽  
R Canton ◽  
J C Perez-Diaz ◽  
J Martinez-Beltran ◽  
J J Picazo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Isolates ◽  
Beta Lactamases ◽  
Extended Spectrum ◽  
Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamases
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