Comparison of Cardiac output of Cricket Players of different Level of Participation before and after Step Test

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 32-37
Author(s):  
Lokendra Bahadur Kathayat ◽  
Ashok Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Output ◽  
Step Test ◽  
Before And After

scholarly journals The effect of 8 weeks moderate-intensity continuous training on central hemodynamics and VO2max in non-athlete male

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 172-177
Author(s):  
Javad Mahdiabadi
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Cardiac Output ◽  
Maximal Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Step Test ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Healthy Male ◽  
Continuous Training ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After

Background and Study Aim. Aerobic exercise improves fitness and quality of life and decreases mortality rate. Existence study determined the central hemodynamic adaptation after 8 weeks moderate-intensity continuous countryside jogging in non-athlete male. Material and Methods. Twenty-four untrained healthy male students (aged 20-22 years) volunteered and randomly divided into two groups: continuous training (CTG; n=12) and control (CG; n=12). Training program was countryside jogging for 45 min at 65-70% of Maximum Heart Rate (MHR), 3 days/week for 8-weeks performed. The CG group remained sedentary during the study period. Maximal oxygen consumption (VO2max) obtained using the step-test. Standard medical method impedance cardiograph was performed for hemodynamic parameters, during resting and after step-test conditions, before and after the study period. Results. Using t-test, after eight weeks: the resting heart rate (HR) in CTG group significantly decreased (P≤0.05). The systolic blood pressure (SBP) in CTG group decreased significantly at rest and after workload (P≤0.05). The diastolic blood pressure (DBP) did not change in both groups (P>0.05). The stroke volume (SV) increased significantly in CTG group at rest and after workload (P≤0.05).  The cardiac output (CO) did not change in both groups (P>0.05). The cardiac output (CO) did not change in both groups (P>0.05). The VO2max absolute and relative increased significantly in CTG group (P≤0.05). Significant difference between groups in SBP, SV, SVR and VO2max (absolute and relative) (P≤0.05). Conclusions. 8 weeks moderate-intensity continuous countryside jogging can improve the cardiac function and VO2max in selected healthy male. The regular exercise of aerobic with moderate intensity causes positive developments in systolic and diastolic blood pressures.

Systemic and regional hemodynamics after nitric oxide synthase inhibition: role of a neurogenic mechanism

1994 ◽  
Vol 267 (1) ◽  
pp. R84-R88 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Huang ◽  
M. L. Leblanc ◽  
R. L. Hester
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Cardiac Output ◽  
No Synthase ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Regional Hemodynamics ◽  
Autonomic Blockade ◽  
Infusion Of Norepinephrine ◽  
Oxide Synthase

The study tested the hypothesis that the increase in blood pressure and decrease in cardiac output after nitric oxide (NO) synthase inhibition with N omega-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME) was partially mediated by a neurogenic mechanism. Rats were anesthetized with Inactin (thiobutabarbital), and a control blood pressure was measured for 30 min. Cardiac output and tissue flows were measured with radioactive microspheres. All measurements of pressure and flows were made before and after NO synthase inhibition (20 mg/kg L-NAME) in a group of control animals and in a second group of animals in which the autonomic nervous system was blocked by 20 mg/kg hexamethonium. In this group of animals, an intravenous infusion of norepinephrine (20-140 ng/min) was used to maintain normal blood pressure. L-NAME treatment resulted in a significant increase in mean arterial pressure in both groups. L-NAME treatment decreased cardiac output approximately 50% in both the intact and autonomic blocked animals (P < 0.05). Autonomic blockade alone had no effect on tissue flows. L-NAME treatment caused a significant decrease in renal, hepatic artery, stomach, intestinal, and testicular blood flow in both groups. These results demonstrate that the increase in blood pressure and decreases in cardiac output and tissue flows after L-NAME treatment are not dependent on a neurogenic mechanism.

scholarly journals Performance of a capnodynamic method estimating cardiac output during respiratory failure - before and after lung recruitment

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (6) ◽  
pp. 1199-1207
Author(s):  
Thorir Svavar Sigmundsson ◽  
Tomas Öhman ◽  
Magnus Hallbäck ◽  
Eider Redondo ◽  
Fernando Suarez Sipmann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Output ◽  
Respiratory Failure ◽  
Reference Method ◽  
Hemodynamic Instability ◽  
Lung Lavage ◽  
Lung Recruitment ◽  
Recruitment Manoeuvre ◽  
Percentage Error ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Right

AbstractRespiratory failure may cause hemodynamic instability with strain on the right ventricle. The capnodynamic method continuously calculates cardiac output (CO) based on effective pulmonary blood flow (COEPBF) and could provide CO monitoring complementary to mechanical ventilation during surgery and intensive care. The aim of the current study was to evaluate the ability of a revised capnodynamic method, based on short expiratory holds (COEPBFexp), to estimate CO during acute respiratory failure (LI) with high shunt fractions before and after compliance-based lung recruitment. Ten pigs were submitted to lung lavage and subsequent ventilator-induced lung injury. COEPBFexp, without any shunt correction, was compared to a reference method for CO, an ultrasonic flow probe placed around the pulmonary artery trunk (COTS) at (1) baseline in healthy lungs with PEEP 5 cmH2O (HLP5), (2) LI with PEEP 5 cmH2O (LIP5) and (3) LI after lung recruitment and PEEP adjustment (LIPadj). CO changes were enforced during LIP5 and LIPadj to estimate trending. LI resulted in changes in shunt fraction from 0.1 (0.03) to 0.36 (0.1) and restored to 0.09 (0.04) after recruitment manoeuvre. Bias (levels of agreement) and percentage error between COEPBFexp and COTS changed from 0.5 (− 0.5 to 1.5) L/min and 30% at HLP5 to − 0.6 (− 2.3 to 1.1) L/min and 39% during LIP5 and finally 1.1 (− 0.3 to 2.5) L/min and 38% at LIPadj. Concordance during CO changes improved from 87 to 100% after lung recruitment and PEEP adjustment. COEPBFexp could possibly be used for continuous CO monitoring and trending in hemodynamically unstable patients with increased shunt and after recruitment manoeuvre.

scholarly journals The Effect of Pilates Training on the Balance of Elderly

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (16) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristina Zaičenkovienė ◽  
Renata Rakovaitė
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Balance ◽  
Step Test ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Static Balance ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Timed Up And Go ◽  
Physically Active ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Four Square ◽  
And Control

Research background. Falling is one of the most important problems in the elderly’s mobility disorder, which is most often affected by the loss of balance. It is known that Pilates exercises could help to increase the deep muscle strength, improve posture and proprioception, which affects the improvement of the balance. Objective – to evaluate the effects of Pilates exercises on the elderly’s static and dynamic balance. Methodology. The study population consisted of 20 volunteers, men and women, who were divided into Pilates exercises (n = 10, age 65.1 ± 2.6) and control (n = 10, age 68.6 ± 4.9) groups. The study group participated in Pilates classes 2 times per week for six weeks (session duration 60 minutes). The control group did not participate in any physical activity, but they were physically active as usually in their daily life. The main outcome measures were assessed before and after the intervention. The static balance was assessed by measuring posturographic parameters using the force platform, dynamic balance was measured with the Timed up and Go Test (TUG) and the Four Square Step Test (FSST). Results. The results showed signifcant improvement in static balance of the experimental group after the Pilates exercises during standing tests when the feet were apart, eyes opened and closed and when the feet together with eyes opened, and when the foot was in front of the other foot. The results of the control group did not differ during both tests. The results of both groups did not differ in the static balance tests before and after the study, but after the Pilates exercises, the results of the Pilates group signifcantly differed from the control group test results when the feet were in shoulder line with open eyes. The results of the dynamic balance after Pilates exercises signifcantly improved in both tests in the study group. Before the study, there were not statistically signifcant differences in the dynamic balance results between the groups. Conclusions. Six-week Pilates exercises had a positive effect on the elderly’s static and dynamic balance.Keywords: Pilates training, static balance, dynamic balance.

Renal clearances at rest and during physical exercise after injection of bacterial pyrogen

1965 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 137-141 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gunnar Grimby
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Output ◽  
Normal Condition ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Bicycle Ergometer ◽  
Moderate Exercise ◽  
Renal Vasoconstriction ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Renal Clearances ◽  
Bacterial Pyrogen

Clearance of inulin (CIn) and para-aminohippuric acid (CPAH), cardiac output, oxygen uptake, and arterial blood pressure were measured in five healthy subjects at rest and during supine exercise on a bicycle ergometer before and after injection of a bacterial pyrogen (purified lipopolysaccharide, Pyrexal). CPAH was 45–145% higher at rest during the flush phase than in the normal condition. The increase in CIn, was less. Cardiac output increased also. The renal fraction of the cardiac output was larger than in the normal condition. During moderate exercise in the flush phase, CPAH decreased from the values before work. This decrease was usually larger than in the normal condition. The pyrogen-induced increase in cardiac output was less during exercise than at rest. A pronounced renal vasoconstriction during exercise is demonstrated even after the injection of bacterial pyrogen. clearance of inulin and para-aminohippuric acid; cardiac output; extraction ratio Submitted on May 4, 1964

Pulmonary pressor response after prostaglandin synthesis inhibition in conscious dogs

1982 ◽  
Vol 52 (3) ◽  
pp. 705-709 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. R. Walker ◽  
N. F. Voelkel ◽  
J. T. Reeves
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Output ◽  
Arterial Pressure ◽  
Pulmonary Arterial Pressure ◽  
Pressor Response ◽  
Conscious Dogs ◽  
Pulmonary Pressure ◽  
Time Control ◽  
Mean Pulmonary Arterial Pressure ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Pulmonary Arterial

Recent studies have shown that vasodilator prostaglandins are continually produced by the isolated rat lung. We postulated that these vasodilators may contribute to maintenance of normal low pulmonary arterial pressure. Pulmonary pressure and cardiac output were measured in conscious dogs prior to and 30 to 60 min following administration of meclofenamate (2 mg/kg iv, followed by infusion at 2 mg . kg-1 . h-1) or the structurally dissimilar inhibitor RO–20–5720 (1 mg/kg iv, followed by infusion at 1 mg . kg-1 . h-1). The animals were also made hypoxic with inhalation of 10% O2 before and after inhibition. Time-control experiments were conducted in which only the saline vehicle was administered. Meclofenamate or RO–20–5720 caused an increase in mean pulmonary arterial pressure and total pulmonary resistance. Cardiac output and systemic pressure were unaffected. The mild hypoxic pulmonary pressor response observed was not affected by meclofenamate. Animals breathing 30% O2 to offset Denver's altitude also demonstrated increased pulmonary pressure and resistance when given meclofenamate. It is concluded that endogenous vasodilator prostaglandins may contribute to normal, low vascular tone in the pulmonary circulation.

scholarly journals Attenuated sympathetic nerve responses after 24 hours of bed rest

2002 ◽  
Vol 282 (6) ◽  
pp. H2210-H2215 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mazhar H. Khan ◽  
Allen R. Kunselman ◽  
Urs A. Leuenberger ◽  
William R. Davidson ◽  
Chester A. Ray ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Output ◽  
Negative Pressure ◽  
Sympathetic Nerve ◽  
Sympathetic Nerve Activity ◽  
Lower Body Negative Pressure ◽  
Muscle Sympathetic Nerve Activity ◽  
Bed Rest ◽  
Nerve Activity ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Reduced Rate

Bed rest reduces orthostatic tolerance. Despite decades of study, the cause of this phenomenon remains unclear. In this report we examined hemodynamic and sympathetic nerve responses to graded lower body negative pressure (LBNP) before and after 24 h of bed rest. LBNP allows for baroreceptor disengagement in a graded fashion. We measured heart rate (HR), cardiac output (HR × stroke volume obtained by echo Doppler), and muscle sympathetic nerve activity (MSNA) during a progressive and graded LBNP paradigm. Negative pressure was increased by 10 mmHg every 3 min until presyncope or completion of −60 mmHg. After bed rest, LBNP tolerance was reduced in 11 of 13 subjects ( P < .023), HR was greater ( P< .002), cardiac output was unchanged, and the ability to augment MSNA at high levels of LBNP was reduced (rate of rise for 30- to 60-mmHg LBNP before bed rest 0.073 bursts · min−1 · mmHg−1; after bed rest 0.035 bursts · min−1 · mmHg−1; P < 0.016). These findings suggest that 24 h of bed rest reduces sympathetic nerve responses to LBNP.

Hemodynamic effects of normovolemic polycythemia in dogs at rest and during exercise

1964 ◽  
Vol 207 (6) ◽  
pp. 1361-1366 ◽  
Author(s):  
Allen B. Weisse ◽  
Farrell M. Calton ◽  
Hiroshi Kuida ◽  
Hans H. Hecht
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Output ◽  
Pulmonary Artery ◽  
Oxygen Transport ◽  
Peripheral Resistance ◽  
Relative Increase ◽  
Red Cells ◽  
Hemodynamic Effects ◽  
Venous Oxygen Saturation ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Response To Exercise

The hemodynamic effects of acutely induced normovolemic polycythemia were studied in four anesthetized and seven unanesthetized dogs at rest and, in three of the latter, during treadmill exercise. Control observations were made in four other animals. Volume of packed red cells values of 60–79% were produced by exchange transfusion with washed centrifuged red cells. Normovolemic polycythemia in both anesthetized and unanesthetized resting animals was associated with a decrease in cardiac output and oxygen transport; little change in pulmonary artery, carotid artery, right atrium, and pulmonary artery wedge pressures; and increases in calculated total systemic and pulmonary vascular resistances. Mixed venous oxygen saturation was not necessarily reduced. The relative increase in cardiac output and oxygen transport in response to exercise was similar before and after normovolemic polycythemia, but the absolute increments were significantly less after normovolemic polycythemia. Results obtained are consistent with the concept that cardiac output reduction with normovolemic polycythemia is mediated by increased peripheral resistance.

scholarly journals Comparison of end-tidal carbon dioxide and point-of-care echocardiography for fluid response at the bedside

2019 ◽  
pp. 102490791987092 ◽  
Author(s):  
Semih Korkut ◽  
Erden Erol Ünlüer ◽  
Arif Karagöz ◽  
Karama Bouchaala Mnif ◽  
Emine Kadioğlu
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Cardiac Output ◽  
Point Of Care ◽  
Passive Leg Raising ◽  
Velocity Time Integral ◽  
Time Integral ◽  
End Tidal Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Before And After ◽  
End Tidal ◽  
Bedside Method

Purpose: In this study, we aimed to compare cardiac output, echocardiographic pulmonary velocity-time integral, and end-tidal carbon dioxide values before and after the passive leg raising maneuver in healthy volunteers. Methods: The Ethical Commission approved the study. A total of 36 volunteers were included after signed informed consent in our study. After 12 h of fasting, vital signs, cardiac output, pulmonary velocity-time integral, and end-tidal carbon dioxide were measured when the participants were lying supine. Then, participants’ legs were elevated to 45° passively, and all measurements were repeated. Pulmonary velocity-time integral was obtained in parasternal short-axis view with the aid of pulse Doppler. Pulmonary root measurements were recorded. Echocardiographic stroke volume and cardiac output were calculated. The differences between values of cardiac output, pulmonary velocity-time integral, and end-tidal carbon dioxide before and after passive leg raising were statistically compared. The level of significance was accepted as p < 0.05. Results: Significant differences were found between pre- and post-passive leg raising values of these three measurements. The effect of passive leg raising on pulmonary velocity-time integral measurements was greater. The change in end-tidal carbon dioxide was not correlated with either cardiac output or pulmonary velocity-time integral alteration. Conclusion: Our results showed that measurement of pulmonary velocity-time integral changes after passive leg raising is a more useful bedside method to predict fluid responsiveness than measurement of end-tidal carbon dioxide and cardiac output alteration.

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