scholarly journals Desempenho fisiológicos e crescimento do feijão-caupi, sob manejos de plantas daninhas

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 246
Author(s):  
Uriel Calisto Moura Pessôa ◽  
Kelder José Alves de Oliveira ◽  
Anielson Dos Santos Souza ◽  
Thiago Alves Pimenta ◽  
Rafael Vitor Da Silveira Muniz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weed Management ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Co2 Assimilation ◽  
Food Science ◽  
Gas Analyzer ◽  
Gas Exchanges ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Infrared Gas Analyzer ◽  
Direct Reflection

<p>A interferência das plantas daninhas, afeta os parâmetros de fisiológicos da cultura do feijão-caupi, com reflexo direto no crescimento e na produtividade. Assim, objetivou-se avaliar a atuação de métodos de controle das plantas daninhas na cultura do feijão-caupi, identificando o mais eficiente, por meio do acompanhamento dos componentes de crescimento, sendo estes compostos de altura (cm), número de folhas, diâmetro do caule (mm) e os aspectos fisiológicos da cultura, pela coleta de dados da taxa de assimilação de CO<sub>2</sub> (μmol m<sup>-2</sup> s<sup>-1</sup>), transpiração (mmol de H<sub>2</sub>O m<sup>-2</sup> s<sup>-1</sup>), condutância estomática (mol de H<sub>2</sub>O m<sup>-2</sup> s<sup>-1</sup>) e concentração interna de CO<sub>2</sub>, com um analisador de gás infravermelho . O experimento foi realizado em condições de campo no Centro de Ciências e Tecnologia Agroalimentar da Universidade Federal de Campina Grande, Campus Pombal, Paraíba. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi o de blocos ao acaso com oito tratamentos e quatro repetições em esquema fatorial 2 x 4, sendo os fatores: dois cultivares de feijão-caupi (BRS Marataoã e BRS Rouxinol) e quatro manejos das plantas daninhas (mecânico, químico, físico e sem controle). Os manejos químico, mecânico e físico, mostram-se superiores nos componentes de crescimento, não afetando tais características, sendo as trocas gasosas severamente afetadas.</p><p align="center"><strong><em>Physiological performance and growth of cowpea under weed management</em></strong></p><p><strong>Abstract</strong><strong>: </strong>The interference of weeds affects the physiological parameters of cowpea culture, with direct reflection on growth and productivity. The objective of this study was to evaluate the performance of different weed control methods in cowpea culture in order to identify the most efficient by monitoring the growth components, being these compounds of height (cm), number of leaves and diameter of the stem (mm) and the physiological aspects of the culture, by collecting data: CO2 assimilation rate (μmol m-2 s-1), transpiration (mmol H<sub>2</sub>O m<sup>-2</sup> s<sup>-1</sup>), Stomatal conductance (mol of H<sub>2</sub>O m<sup>-2</sup> s<sup>-1</sup>) and internal CO<sub>2 </sub>concentration, with an infrared gas analyzer. The experiment was accomplished under field conditions at the Center for Agro-Food Science and Technology of the Federal University of Campina Grande, Campus Pombal, Paraíba . The experimental design was a randomized complete block design with eight treatments and four replications in a 2 x 4 factorial scheme, being these factors: two cultivars of cowpea (BRS Marataoã and BRS Rouxinol) and four weed management (mechanical, chemical , Physical and uncontrolled). Chemical, mechanical and physical management are shown to be superior in the growth components, not affecting these characteristics, being the gas exchanges severely affected.</p>

Effectiveness of different weed control practices in onion (Allium cepa L.) crop

2020 ◽  
pp. 47-51
Author(s):  
Muhammad Nafees ◽  
Ishtiaq Ahmad ◽  
Maryam ◽  
Muhammad Ahsan ◽  
Muhammad Rashid Shaheen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Weed Control ◽  
Allium Cepa ◽  
Weed Management ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Yield Reduction ◽  
Weed Biomass ◽  
Allium Cepa L ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Number Of Leaves

Onion (Allium cepa L.) is one of the most important vegetables in family Alliaceae, which is cultivated worldwide. In onion, weeds are among one of the major concerns which cause its yield reduction. The present study was designed to assess the effectiveness of different methods for weed control in onion. In this study, five treatments were selected including control, black polythene mulch sheet, white polythene mulch sheet, Dual Gold spray @ 9.0 mL L-1 and Preact spray @ 7.5 mL L-1 to control weeds. The weedicides were applied as pre-emergence sprays before transplanting the seedlings. The experiment was laid out in Randomized Complete Block Design with three replications. From the results, it was concluded that there were significant differences among the studied weed control treatments. Among the five treatments, greater plant height (33.0 cm), number of leaves per plant (8), bulb diameter (4.7 cm) and bulb weight (73 g) were observed in the ridges covered with black mulch sheet. However, the minimum weed biomass (fresh and dry) was recorded in black mulch sheet and Preact pre-emergence weedicide spray (140 and 80 g in both). Thus, black polythene sheet as mulching material was found better option for weed management in onion fields.

scholarly journals Effect of Zinc and Boron on Growth and Yield of Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L.)

2020 ◽  
pp. 41-47
Author(s):  
Nusrat Jahan ◽  
Md. Ashabul Hoque ◽  
Md. Rasal-Monir ◽  
Sumya Fatima ◽  
Mohammad Nurul Islam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Fruit Yield ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Spad Value ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Fruit Diameter

The study was carried out to find out the effect of zinc (Zn) and boron (B) on growth and yield of okra (BARI Dherosh 1). The experiment was laid out in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications. The treatments of the experiment were, T0 (without Zn or B), T1 (20 kg Zn ha-1), T2 (30 kg Zn ha-1), T3 (10 kg B ha-1), T4 (20 kg B ha-1), T5 (20 kg Zn ha-1 + 10 kg B ha-1), T6 (20 kg Zn ha-1 + 20 kg B ha-1), T7 (30 kg Zn ha-1 + 10 kg B ha-1) and T8 (30 kg Zn ha-1 + 20 kg B ha-1) were undertaken to evaluate the best results of the study. The highest plant height was found in T8 (30 kg Zn ha-1 + 20 kg B ha-1) but the highest number of leaves plant-1 was recorded from T7 (30 kg Zn ha-1 + 10 kg B ha-1). On the other hand, the maximum leaf area index, SPAD value, mean fruit weight, fruit length, fruit diameter, fruit dry matter (%), number of fruits plant-1, fresh fruit weight plant-1 , fruit yield plot-1 and fruit yield ha-1 were found in T7 (30 kg Zn ha-1 + 10 kg B ha-1), while the control (T0) showed lowest performance for the respected parameters. It is strongly concluded that 30 kg Zn ha-1 with 10 kg B ha-1 combination may be helpful for okra cultivation in the field level to increase okra production.

scholarly journals Effect of Seeding Rate On Growth And Yield Of Okra (Abelmoschus Esculantus) In Zuru Northern Guinea Savanna Of Nigeria

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (02) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yohanna J, A. ◽  
Muhammad A, M.
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Total Yield ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Land Resource ◽  
Seeding Rate ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Resource Space ◽  
Plant Stand ◽  
The Mean

Field experiment was carried out during 2010 rainy season to find the effect of seeding rate on the growth and yield of okra (Abelmuschus esculentus) in Zuru Northern Guinea Savannah. Zuru is located in Zuru Local government area of Kebbi State (Latitude 11o 251 to 11o 551 North and Longitude 4o 51 to 5o 251 East of the equator). The experiment consisted of three treatments that is planting okra at one plant per stand (S1), two plants per stand (S2) and three plants per stand (S3). The experiment was laid out in randomized complete block design (RCBD) and the treatments replicated three time. The result of the experiment has shown that plant height and number of leaves/plant at 3, 6 and 9 weeks after planting (    WAP) were significantly influenced by seeding rate (P<0.05). At 3, 6 and 9 WAP tallest plants were obtained from okra plants planted at three plants/stand (27.83, 54.0 and 77.0cm) respectively followed by okra planted at two plant/stand (24.77, 50.67 and 74.33 leave/plant respectively ). However, more number of leaves/plant were obtained from okra plant at one plant/stand (9.67, 24.67 and 48.0 leaves/plant respectively) followed by okra planted at two plants/stand (8.33, 18.33 and 36.33 leaves/plant respectively). Seeding rate had significant influence on time of 50 percent flowering with one plant/stand first attaining 50 percent flowering stage just within 36.33 days followed by okra planted at two plants/stand (38 days). The mean fresh fruit yield of okra was also significantly influenced by seeding rate with the highest yield of fresh fruits obtained from three plants/stand (83.34/ha) followed by okra planted at two plants/stand (55.56/ha). However, the result of the findings recommends that, okra should be planted at two plants/stand for medium sized and marketable okra fresh fruits since at three plants/stand leads to the production of undersized fresh fruits which do not often attract customers. At one plant/stand, there seemed to be early fruiting and bigger sized fresh fruits but low total yield due to underutilization of land resource/space. Planting at one plant/stand should therefore be avoided

scholarly journals Growth Performance of Lettuce Using Fermented Products as Organic Fertilizers

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 65
Author(s):  
Kareen Lynn E. Negado
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Lettuce Seeds ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
The Mean ◽  
And Control ◽  
Fermented Products

This study evaluates the growth performance of lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) utilizing various fermented products as organic fertilizers. Growth performance is determined through the plant’s weight and leaves and significant differences in growth among various treatments: (a) fish trash, (b) scrap seaweeds, (c) kangkong, and control groups urea (positive) and water (negative) was also determined. Kangkong leaves are fermented for 10 days, fish trash for 14 days and 1 month for seaweeds. Lettuce seeds are sown before transplanting (15 days after germination) into pots and placed in raised beds. Randomized complete block design is utilized in the experiment. Growth performance is measured through the number of leaves 10, 20, and 30 days after transplant and mass of plant upon harvest. After 30 days, the lettuce was harvested. Based on the findings, the soil and fermented products are acidic and the needed organic matter for optimum growth of lettuce are not sufficient as well as some nutrients of the fermented products. Among the organic fertilizers, kangkong at 30 ml performs best in terms of the growth performance of lettuce. Urea performs best in terms of the mass upon harvest. Significant differences exist in the mean number of leaves of lettuce treated with various amounts of organic fertilizers with the plants that receive urea. Lettuce produce more number of leaves and with the highest mass upon harvest when treated with urea compared with organic fertilizers applied after 30 days from transplant. Keywords: fermented kangkong; fish trash; growth performance; lettuce; scrap seaweeds

scholarly journals Evaluation of Sweet Pepper (Capsicum annum L.) Varieties as Influnced by Nitrogen Levels in Chitwan, Nepal

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-42
Author(s):  
Santosh Lohani ◽  
Moha Dutta Sharma ◽  
Shree Chandra Shah ◽  
Arjun Kumar Shrestha
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Total Yield ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
Sweet Pepper ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Chemical Fertilizer ◽  
Nitrogen Levels ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Better Than

An experiment was conducted to assess the performance of sweet pepper varieties as influenced by nitrogen levels from August 2014 to February 2015 at Mangalpur, Chitwan. The experiment was laid out in two factorial Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications having sixteen treatments. Varieties and levels of nitrogen significantly affected growth, yield and qualitative parameters of fruits. Hybrid Indra and NS 632 performed better than open pollinated varieties viz. Sagar and California Wonder. Days to fifty percent flowering of NS 632 were earlier than California Wonder. Indra variety had the highest plant height (52.18 cm), number of secondary branches per plant (13.51) from 250 kg N/ha through chemical fertilizer while number of leaves per plant was higher in NS 632 variety (57.22) than Sagar variety (47.37). Indra variety showed the highest fruit weight (87.59 g) and total yield (39.45 t/ha) but NS 632 variety produced more number of fruits per plant (9.25) than California Wonder variety. This study showed that sweet pepper yield of hybrid varieties applied with 250 kg N/ha through chemical fertilizer was appropriate dose to get optimum yield under Chitwan condition.

scholarly journals Comparison between conventional and organic weed management: growth and yield of leek (Allium porrum L.)

2012 ◽  
Vol 39 (No. 2) ◽  
pp. 81-88 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Karkanis ◽  
D. Bilalis ◽  
A. Efthimiadou ◽  
N. Katsenios
Keyword(s):  
Weed Management ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Barley Straw ◽  
Allium Porrum ◽  
White Spots ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Weak Competitor ◽  
Common Purslane ◽  
Organic Weed Management

Leek is a weak competitor against weeds. A field experiment was conducted to determine the effects of herbicides and mulching on weed flora, growth and yield of a leek crop. A randomized complete block design was employed with five replicates per treatment (control, mulching with barley straw, post-transplant application of the herbicide oxyfluorfen at 360 g a.i./ha and pre-transplant application of pendimethalin at 1,650 g a.i./ha). The order of weed sensitivity to mulches was black nightshade (72&ndash;85%), venice mallow (80%) &gt; redroot pigweed (70&ndash;74%), barnyardgrass (67&ndash;77%) &gt; jimsonweed (65%) &gt; common purslane (42&ndash;45%). Oxyfluorfen had the highest control of jimsonweed, venice mallow and common purslane. There were no significant effects of the pendimethalin treatment on weed control ratings of jimsonweed, venice mallow and field bindweed. Injury symptoms (small white spots) appeared on leek leaves exposed to oxyfluorfen. The highest yield of leek was recorded with the oxyfluorfen application. Our results indicate that mulching and oxyfluorfen application provides satisfactory control of weeds. The use of mulching is an option for the weed management in organic leek crop.

scholarly journals Growth of escarole in different seasons of year, RS, Brazil

2018 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 455
Author(s):  
Daniele Cristina Fontana ◽  
Braulio Otomar Caron ◽  
Denise Schmidt ◽  
Daniela Meira ◽  
Thais Pollon Zanatta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Global Radiation ◽  
Technical Information ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Four Seasons ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Different Seasons ◽  
Crop Cycle ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Santa Maria

The lack of research about escarole cultivars adapted to each region, as well as technical information on plant growth have been some of the factors related to low yields. Therefore, the aim of this work was to evaluate the growth of escarole crop in four seasons of year in Santa Maria, RS. The experiment was conducted in a randomized complete block design, 1 x 4, being a escarole (cultivar Escorola Lisa®) evaluated in four seasons of year (summer, autumn, winter and spring), in six replications. The evaluations were performed in a destructive manner every seven days, from date of transplant to harvest point. The following components were analyzed: number of leaves, number of residues, dry mass of leaves, dry mass of leaves, stem and residue. Thus, it was determined the parameters for growth analysis. With the data obtained, we performed a variance analysis, and presented significant results, and the means of each season of the year submitted to the Tukey test at 5% of error probability. The air temperature and global radiation influence crop cycle. Lower temperatures and lower incidence of radiation result in cycle extended, as observed in autumn. The escarole growth is influenced by seasons of year in Rio Grande do Sul (RS), and summer and spring finish the cycle in advance to others, presenting a larger leaf area. Summer and spring are most indicated season to escarole crop in RS, Brazil.

scholarly journals GENETIC DIVERSITY OF POTATO (Solanum tuberosum L.)

2016 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-43
Author(s):  
M. H. Rahman ◽  
M. S. Islam ◽  
S. Sonom
Keyword(s):  
Solanum Tuberosum L ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Soluble Sugar ◽  
Maximum Performance ◽  
Total Soluble Sugar ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Cluster Distance ◽  
Percentage Weight ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Hybridization Programme

The experiment was conducted with twenty one genotypes of potato at the experimental farm of Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka during the period from November 2014 to March 2015 to estimate the genetic variability and diversity among the genotypes. The experiment was conducted using Randomized Complete Block Design with three replications. All the genotypes varied significantly with each other for all the studied characters indicated the presence of considerable variations among the genotypes studied As per PCA, D2 and clusters analysis the genotypes were grouped into five different clusters. Clusters III had the maximum nine and cluster II and V had the minimum one genotype. The highest inter-cluster distance was observed between I and V and the lowest was observed between IV and V. Genotypes in cluster I showed the maximum performance for number of leaves per plant, chlorophyll percentage, weight of individual potato and firmness. Cluster II showed maximum performance for total soluble sugar. Cluster III recorded the highest mean performance for dry matter. Cluster IV showed the maximum performance for number of potato per hill, weight of potato per hill and yield. Cluster V showed the maximum performance for specific gravity. Considering this idea and other characteristic performances, G8 (Shada pakri) and G17 (Shil bilati) from cluster IV; G4 (BARI-TPS-1) from cluster II; and G6 (Asterix), G21 (Granola) , G1 (Cardinal) and G2 (Diamant) from cluster I might be considered better parents for efficient hybridization programme.

Different Light Radiation Intensities on Cotton: A Physiological Approach

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Lucas Aparecido Manzani Lisboa ◽  
Fernando Takayuki Nakayama ◽  
Edivaldo Cia ◽  
Paulo Alexandre Monteiro de Figueiredo ◽  
Sérgio Bispo Ramos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stomatal Conductance ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Co2 Concentration ◽  
Co2 Assimilation ◽  
Luminous Intensity ◽  
Artificial Light ◽  
Light Intensities ◽  
Leaf Transpiration ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Physiological Approach

The luminosity and the temperature are factors that act directly in the photosynthetic process, where an elevation of the luminous intensity can cause a reduction of the assimilation of carbon, which consequently lowers the development of the cotton. The objective of this work was to assess the response of physiological parameters of cotton when subjected to different artificial light intensities. Two varieties of cotton IMA5801B2RF and IACRDN, were interacting with five artificial light intensities: 0 (control); 500; 1000; 1500 and 2000 μmol m−2 s−1 of photosynthetically active radiation provided by LED bulbs. The experiment was set in a randomized complete block design using a 2x5 factorial scheme. The variables measured were the rate of CO2 assimilation, transpiration, stomatal conductance, inner CO2 concentration in the substomatic chamber, and efficient use of water (for which a portable device of gas exchange was used). The cotton varieties responded positively to different luminous intensities until reaching the point of maximum saturation between 1400 and 1600 µmol m-1 s-1 of light, which provided a better rate of CO2 assimilation, concentration of CO2 in the substomatic chamber, and efficient use of water. Leaf transpiration and stomatal conductance showed a positive linear response with increasing light intensity. The ideal luminous intensity for the use of Infra-Red Gas Analyzer - IRGA was 1500 µmol m-1 s-1 for the tested cotton varieties.

scholarly journals Effect of growing media on the germination and seedling growth of Borneo sour eggplant

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-13
Author(s):  
Ainnie Shaherah Ahmad Sabri ◽  
◽  
Fauziah Abu Bakar ◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Growing Media ◽  
Growing Medium ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Indigenous Fruit ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Germination And Growth ◽  
Local Farmers

Borneo sour eggplant, a popular indigenous fruit vegetable in Borneo, has become an important fruit not only to local people, but also to tourists who visit Borneo. One of the challenges in planting this crop is lacking information, particularly in finding suitable media for its growth, eventually inhibiting local farmers from growing the crop commercially. This study was conducted to investigate the effects of 4 growing media compositions (M1: topsoil, M2: topsoil and compost, M3: topsoil and cocopeat and M4: topsoil, compost and cocopeat) on the germination and growth performance of sour eggplant seedlings. The experiment was tested in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with 10 replicates. At the end of germination period, seeds planted in M4 medium produced the highest germination rate of 96.67% and was significantly different (P < 0.05) from those sown in other growing media. However, the performance of the seedlings in terms of height, stem diameter, number of leaves and length of leaves showed significant increase (P < 0.05) in M2 medium. This study has demonstrated that M2 medium could improve the growth performance of the seedlings and therefore is recommended as suitable growing media for planting sour eggplant. Keywords: Growth performance, growing medium, indigenous fruit, sour eggplant.

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