scholarly journals Relationship between the induction of inflammatory processes and infectious diseases in patients with ischemic stroke.

2013 ◽  
Vol 60 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marek Cieślak ◽  
Andrzej Wojtczak ◽  
Michał Cieślak
Keyword(s):  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Survival Rate ◽  
Cerebral Ischemia ◽  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Inflammatory Cytokines ◽  
Brain Ischemia ◽  
Neurological Deficit ◽  
Interleukin 1 ◽  
Inflammatory Processes ◽  
Pro Inflammatory Cytokines

Pro-inflammatory cytokines participate in the induction of ischemic stroke. So far, their participation in the cerebral ischemia was proven for the tumor necrosis factor TNF-α, interleukin-1 (IL-1), and interleukin-6 (IL-6). The release of the pro-inflammatory cytokines into the extracellular space causes the enlargement of the brain damage region, and consequently increases the neurological deficit and negatively affects the survival rate prognoses. That is confirmed by the increased concentration of pro-inflammatory cytokines in blood and the cerebrospinal fluid of patients with brain stroke, as well as by the research on the induced/experimental cerebral ischemia in animals. The pro-inflammatory cytokines participate in the migration of the reactive T lymphocytes to the regions of brain ischemia where they enhance the nerve tissue damage by down-regulation of microcirculation, induce the pro-thrombotic processes and release other neurotoxic cytokines. Also, in the early stage of cerebral ischemia, cytokines activate the axis hypothalamus-pituitary gland-adrenal cortex and increase the cortisol concentration in blood, what results in the decreased resistance to infectious diseases. Administration of the inhibitor of the interleukin-1 receptor (IL-1Ra) inhibits the inflammatory processes in the region of brain ischemia, and subsequently improves the prognosis for the size of the neurological deficit and the survival rate, as well as resistance to infectious diseases.

scholarly journals Pro-Inflammatory Cytokines as Potential Early Biomarkers and Therapeutic Targets to Combat Ischemic Stroke

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (11) ◽  
pp. 5-19
Author(s):  
Megha Agrawal ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Inflammatory Cytokines ◽  
Time Window ◽  
Medical Condition ◽  
Brain Area ◽  
Therapeutic Targets ◽  
Ongoing Research ◽  
Stroke Research ◽  
Inflammatory Processes ◽  
Pro Inflammatory Cytokines

Ischemic stroke is a serious medical condition and widely considered one of the most common causes of death and disability in the world today. There have been notable research advances in stroke so far and studies have shown that stroke’s complex pathophysiology process involves the oxidative stress and inflammatory reaction. However, despite the progress in stroke research, currently there are no established biochemical factors available that can be employed in the early diagnostics and intervention in stroke. Mostly, stroke diagnosis is based on neuroimaging, which is not a rapid tool to diagnose stroke. This decreases the survivability rate. Further, conventional therapeutic approaches for ischemic stroke management are based on restoring blood flow to the affected brain area and these therapies are effective only during a limited time window. Hence, this procedure results in benefiting only a very small percentage of patients. In view of these limitations, the ongoing research has focused on seeking alternative treatment methods that can reduce stroke brain damage and improve patients’ outcome. To this end, research goals are targeted towards gaining insights into the inflammatory response triggered by cerebral ischemia that is supposed to play an important role in the progression of stroke, and also the subsequent study of inflammatory molecules in the acute phase of stroke. In this mini-review, we describe the inflammatory processes occurring during ischemic stroke along with the potential for pro-inflammatory cytokines to become stroke biomarkers as well as interesting neuroprotective therapeutic targets that could be blocked or stimulated to modulate inflammation after stroke. Finally, we present a perspective briefly discussing some viewpoints on future studies in the ongoing field of stroke research.

scholarly journals Pro-inflammatory Cytokines (IL6, IL8 and TNF-a) in the Evaluation of Ovarian Endometriosis Cyst

2019 ◽  
Vol 70 (8) ◽  
pp. 2944-2847
Author(s):  
Carolina Gobjila ◽  
Marius Lucian Craina ◽  
Daniela Oana Toader ◽  
Izabella Petre ◽  
Corneliu Bogdan Andor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Cytokines ◽  
Preoperative Evaluation ◽  
Interleukin 1 ◽  
Pelvic Cavity ◽  
Ovarian Endometriosis ◽  
Endometrial Cells ◽  
Abnormal Growth ◽  
Gynecological Examination ◽  
Inflammatory Processes ◽  
Pro Inflammatory Cytokines

Endometriosis is the abnormal growth of cells (endometrial cells) similar to those that form the inside of the uterus, but in a location outside of the uterus. Endometriosis is most commonly found on other organs of the pelvis. These lesions are most commonly found on the ovaries, the Fallopian tubes, the surface of the uterus, the bowel, and on the membrane lining of the pelvic cavity (i.e. the peritoneum). We corroborate TNF-a, IL-6 and IL-8 markers with intraoperative laparoscopic on 39 patients diagnosed with endometriosis in January 2016 - December 2017, aged 20-45 years. There has been a preoperative evaluation in the patients from this that included the anamnesis, clinical examination and laboratory tests. Anamnesis recorded demographic details, patient�s personal, physiological and pathological medical history. Evaluation of preoperative investigations consisted of general and local systems examination, a gynecological examination in order to identify the specific signs of endometriosis. Making matters worse is that endometriosis exhibits significant immunological dysfunction, including the over-expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines like interleukin-1 (IL-1), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and tumor necrosis factor (TNF), all of which contribute to a chronic up-regulation of painful, tissue-damaging inflammatory processes. Because the cause of endometriosis is poorly understood, there are no known ways to prevent its development.

Acute Ischemic Stroke is Associated with Increased Serum Levels of Pro-inflammatory Cytokines

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bhagirath Ramawat ◽  
Alvee Saluja ◽  
Jayashree Bhatacharjee ◽  
Anshuman Srivastava ◽  
Rajinder K. Dhamija
Keyword(s):  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Acute Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Inflammatory Cytokines ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Pro Inflammatory Cytokines

scholarly journals Senolytic Therapy for Cerebral Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (21) ◽  
pp. 11967
Author(s):  
Songhyun Lim ◽  
Tae Jung Kim ◽  
Young-Ju Kim ◽  
Cheesue Kim ◽  
Sang-Bae Ko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Cerebral Ischemia ◽  
Inflammatory Cytokines ◽  
Cellular Senescence ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Ischemia Reperfusion ◽  
Severe Disabilities ◽  
Cerebral Ischemia Reperfusion ◽  
Cerebral Ir Injury

Ischemic stroke is one of the leading causes of death, and even timely treatment can result in severe disabilities. Reperfusion of the ischemic stroke region and restoration of the blood supply often lead to a series of cellular and biochemical consequences, including generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), expression of inflammatory cytokines, inflammation, and cerebral cell damage, which is collectively called cerebral ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury. Since ROS and inflammatory cytokines are involved in cerebral IR injury, injury could involve cellular senescence. Thus, we investigated whether senolytic therapy that eliminates senescent cells could be an effective treatment for cerebral IR injury. To determine whether IR induces neural cell senescence in vitro, astrocytes were subjected to oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R). OGD/R induced astrocyte senescence and senescent cells in OGD/R-injured astrocytes were effectively eliminated in vitro by ABT263, a senolytic agent. IR in rats with intraluminal middle cerebral artery occlusion induced cellular senescence in the ischemic region. The senescent cells in IR-injured rats were effectively eliminated by intravenous injections of ABT263. Importantly, ABT263 treatment significantly reduced the infarct volume and improved neurological function in behavioral tests. This study demonstrated, for the first time, that senolytic therapy has therapeutic potential for cerebral IR injury.

scholarly journals Polymorphism of Interleukin 1B May Modulate the Risk of Ischemic Stroke in Polish Patients

Medicina ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 55 (9) ◽  
pp. 558 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gorący ◽  
Kaczmarczyk ◽  
Ciechanowicz ◽  
Lewandowska ◽  
Jakubiszyn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Tandem Repeats ◽  
Interleukin 1 ◽  
Variable Number ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Inflammatory Processes ◽  
Variable Number Tandem Repeats ◽  
The Relationship

Background and Objectives: Inflammation plays a crucial role in the pathophysiology of ischemic stroke (IS). Interleukin-1B and interleukin-1 receptor antagonists are key factors in inflammatory processes. Aims: The aims of our study were to evaluate the relationship between genetic variation in interleukin-1B (IL1B) rs1143627 and interleukin-1 receptor antagonist (IL1RN) variable-number-tandem-repeats (VNTR), and overall IS and subtype prevalence rates. Materials and Methods: The analysis included 147 hospitalized Polish patients with IS diagnosed using conventional criteria. The control group consisted of 119 healthy subjects. Genotypes were determined by polymerase chain reaction. Results: A significant association between rs1143627 and stroke was found. The -31C IL1B polymorphism showed an association with overall IS, OR = 2.30 (1.36–3.87) p = 0.020. An association was also detected for LVI (large vessel infarction) subtypes of stroke. After risk factor adjustment (age, diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia), the C allele was found to be an independent risk factor for LVI, OR = 1.99 (1.05–3.79) p = 0.036. Significant association was not observed between IL1RN alleles and IS. Conclusions: Our results suggest that the C allele of IL1B rs1143627 may be associated with susceptibility to overall IS and LVI subtypes of stroke in the Polish population.

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