scholarly journals Bioelements in hair of children with selected neurological disorders

2017 ◽  
Vol 64 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Józefczuk ◽  
Kasprzycka Wiktoria ◽  
Rafał Czarnecki ◽  
Alfreda Graczyk ◽  
Paweł Józefczuk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cerebral Palsy ◽  
Mental Retardation ◽  
Normal Level ◽  
Neurological Disorders ◽  
Older Patients ◽  
Fe Deficiency ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Children With Cerebral Palsy ◽  
High Concentrations

We analyzed hair concentrations of magnesium (Mg), calcium (Ca), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn) and iron (Fe) in a group of 82 children with mental retardation, in which 9 patients suffered from epilepsy, 18 from Down's's syndrome and 55 from cerebral palsy.  Girls comprised little over 50% of the patients.In a group of boys with epilepsy we found a Mg, Ca, Cu and Fe deficiency, and normal level of Zn. In a group of girls with epilepsy, apart from low Fe concentration, a high levels of Ca, Mg, Zn, and Cu was noted.In girls with Down's syndrome a high or normal level of Ca, Mg, Zn and Cu was found, whereas Fe concentration presented itself in a non-characteristic way.Both boys and girls, in the group of children with cerebral palsy had  low Fe concentration, as well as low Cu levels was found in older patients. In this group we also noted high concentrations of Ca, Mg and Zn in girls and normal in boys.A high concentration of Ca in girls with cerebral palsy requires separate analysis.Obtained results could be useful as a guidance in the direction and determination of the amount of possible supplementation.

scholarly journals Peak Expiratory Flow Rate in Children with Multiple Neurological Disorder

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 2117-2120
Author(s):  
Malarvizhi D. ◽  
Gayathri G.V ◽  
Mohammed Aamir P.N
Keyword(s):  
Down Syndrome ◽  
Cerebral Palsy ◽  
Mental Retardation ◽  
Peak Expiratory Flow ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Neurological Disorders ◽  
Peak Expiratory Flow Rate ◽  
Neurological Disorder ◽  
Children With Cerebral Palsy ◽  
Expiratory Flow

A neurological disorder is a, structural, biochemical or electrical abnormalities in the brain or spinal cord and peripheral nerves. Neurological disorders include mental retardation, cerebralpalsy, autism and down’ syndrome. Children with neurological disorders have a high incidence of respiratory problems. Many children with cerebral palsy have scoliosis, an irregular curvature of spine that can interfere with lungs ability to expand. Genetic condition including cerebral palsy and muscular dystrophy can be associated with congenital airway abnormalities. The aim of the study is to find out peak expiratory flow rate in children with multiple neurological disorder. Study design non-experimental,15 subjects with age group of 7-17years was selected based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria.(subjects:3-cerebral palsy,3-down syndrome,2-autism,7-mental retardation) were selected Maithree special school, East Tambaram. An informed consent was obtained from the parents and children with detailed explanation of the procedure. First the participant was asked to breath in and breath out normally and then breath in deeply as much as possible followed by quick expiration to the maximum into the device. Three trials have been done and best of the three is adopted as PEFR. The value on the meter was monitored and recorded. The training was stopped whenever the subject feels dizziness. The data on height, age, sex, weight, were registered. The peak expiratory flow rate of normal children ranges from 182-565 l/min.The mean value of PEFR in children with multiple neurological disorder was found to be cerebral palsy-121 l/ min, Down’s syndrome-130 l/min, autism-77.5 l/min, mentally retarded-145 l/min. For the data, complete action of PEFR measurement were performed in children with multiple neurological disorder. The PEFR values clearly depicts that the children with multiple neurological disorder have decreased PEFR. Our findings confirm that the peak expiratory flow meter is a well functioning instrument for measuring PEFR in children, giving reliable results, and an inexpensive tool. The study conclude that there was a decreased PEFR in children with cerebral palsy, down’s syndrome, autism and mentally retarded. The study was made simple and this can be done by giving interventions like respiratory muscle training.

Discontinuation of Antiepileptic Drug Treatment After Two Seizure-free Years in Children With Cerebral Palsy

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 97 (2) ◽  
pp. 192-197
Author(s):  
Mauricio R. Delgado ◽  
Anthony R. Riela ◽  
Janith Mills ◽  
Alan Pitt ◽  
Richard Browne
Keyword(s):  
Cerebral Palsy ◽  
Mental Retardation ◽  
Antiepileptic Drug ◽  
Spastic Diplegia ◽  
Multiple Factors ◽  
Spastic Hemiparesis ◽  
Children With Cerebral Palsy ◽  
Epileptic Children ◽  
Seizure Relapse ◽  
Antiepileptic Drug Treatment

Objective. The risk of seizure relapse after antiepileptic drug (AED) discontinuation in children has been reported to vary between 6% and 40%. It has been suggested that neurologic deficit and mental retardation are poor prognostic factors for seizure relapse after AED discontinuation. Because epileptic children with cerebral palsy (CP) have neurologic deficits, and many have mental retardation, it is important to know their risk for seizure relapse. Methods. AED treatment was discontinued in 65 children with CP and histories of epilepsy after 2 seizure-free years. All of the patients were followed until they had seizure relapses or for at least 2 years without seizures after AEDs were stopped. Multiple factors were analyzed for possible association with seizure relapse. Results. Twenty-seven patients (41.5%) had seizure relapses. Patients with spastic hemiparesis had the highest relapse rate (61.5%), and those with spastic diplegia had the lowest rate (14.3%). No other factor correlated significantly with the risk of seizure relapse. Conclusions. Discontinuation of AEDs in children with CP can, and should, be practiced when possible after patients have been seizure-free for at least 2 years. AED discontinuation in patients with spastic hemiparesis is significantly more likely to lead to seizure relapse than in patients with other CP types, but no other factor is yet known to increase the chance of relapse.

EFFECTS OF ASPHYXIATION OF THE FETUS AND THE NEWBORN INFANT

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1960 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 565-569
Author(s):  
William F. Windle
Keyword(s):  
Cerebral Palsy ◽  
Mental Retardation ◽  
Newborn Infant ◽  
Clinical Evaluation ◽  
Neurological Disorders ◽  
Basic Information ◽  
Clinical Experiences ◽  
Asphyxia Neonatorum

There is pressing need of well controlled clinical evaluation of the role of adverse factors in the prenatal, natal and early postnatal periods in the etiology of neurological disorders. This is particularly true of asphyxia neonatorum. Many articles have been written on relationships between apnea, anoxia or asphyxia and manifestations of mental retardation, cerebral palsy, epilepsy and othe neurological, psychological and behavioral defects. The majority of the writers express opinions, but give no evidence that data were collected. Controls are commonly lacking. Often no attempt to measure the variables appears to have been made. A review1 of more than 500 reports, commentaries and testimonials of clinical experiences reveals deficiency in basic information of physiology of the fetus and newborn that is nothing short of appalling.

Developmental Enamel Defects in Primary Teeth in Children with Cerebral Palsy, Mental Retardation, or Hearing Defects: A Review

1989 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 132-142 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Bhat ◽  
K.B. Nelson
Keyword(s):  
Cerebral Palsy ◽  
Mental Retardation ◽  
Primary Teeth ◽  
Viral Infections ◽  
Dental Enamel ◽  
Tooth Germ ◽  
Developmental Defects ◽  
Enamel Defects ◽  
Children With Cerebral Palsy ◽  
Neurologic Development

Developmental enamel defects in primary teeth have been found at least twice as frequently in children with cerebral palsy or mental retardation as in control children, and frequently also in children with sensori-neural hearing deficits. The developing tooth germ is sensitive to a range of systemic disturbances, some of which may also affect neurologic development. Because the enamel cannot recover once it is damaged, it may provide a repository of information on the timing and nature of insults potentially affecting other ectodermally derived structures, including the brain. This paper reviews the literature on developmental defects of enamel in primary teeth, asking whether these might be useful as biological markers of the timing and in some cases the nature of insults. Among systemic factors related to development of enamel that might also have implications for neurologic development are certain genetic disorders including tuberous sclerosis, premature birth, neonatal nutritional disturbances (especially hypocalcemia), viral infections (such as rubella and cytomegalovirus during gestation), thyroid disorders, and maternal diabetes. It is concluded that further research is warranted concerning whether developmental defects of dental enamel can be useful markers for the timing of intra-uterine or perinatal events associated with certain neurologic and sensory disorders of children.

Differential growth performance and intestinal immune gene expression in diverse genetic lines of growing chickens fed a high concentration of supplemental phytase

2018 ◽  
Vol 156 (2) ◽  
pp. 258-264
Author(s):  
S. Q. Jiang ◽  
S. J. Lamont ◽  
M. E. Persia
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Immune Gene ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Differential Growth ◽  
Mucin 2 ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Significant Line

AbstractThe objective of the current experiment was to determine the effects of high-concentration phytase (5000 FTU/kg) feeding to diverse lines of chickens fed phosphorus (P) adequate maize–soybean meal diets (4.5 g/kg non-phytate P) on the performance and intestinal immune function. Performance was measured for outbred broiler (Ross 308) and inbred Fayoumi lines over 0–21 days, and duodenum and ileum were harvested for the determination of mucin-2, interleukin (IL)-1βand IgA mRNA by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. Over the 0–7-day period, there was a significant line × diet interaction, as high phytase supplementation increased broiler average daily gain (ADG), but had no effect on Fayoumi ADG. Treatment of diets with phytase increased expression of the mucin-2 gene in the duodenum mucosa. There were significant interactions between line and age, and line, diet and age on duodenal expression of the IL-1βgene as phytase supplementation of the broiler line reduced IL-1βin comparison to control fed broilers without change in the Fayoumi line. Overall, the addition of a high concentration of phytase to broilers fed adequate concentrations of non-phytate P resulted in improved growth performance early with a reduction in this effect over time. Mucosal mucin-2 expression was increased with high-concentration phytase feeding across both lines, but IL-1βmRNA expression was reduced in the duodenum of broilers fed high concentrations of phytase, suggesting that the increased performance noted might be related to decreased inflammation.

Organizational and methodological aspects of the selection of a wheelchair for children with cerebral palsy

2021 ◽  
Vol 88 (2) ◽  
pp. 17-19
Author(s):  
Ye.V. Markelova ◽  
◽  
N.K. Zulina ◽  
O.I. Tomina ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cerebral Palsy ◽  
Rehabilitation Program ◽  
Children With Cerebral Palsy ◽  
Primary Disability ◽  
Correct Determination ◽  
Methodological Aspects ◽  
The City ◽  
Additional Fixation ◽  
Selection Of

The article gives definitions to the concepts of "rehabilitation", "habilitation", "individual rehabilitation program", "technical means of rehabilitation". The statistical data on primary disability of children with cerebral palsy in the city of Khabarovsk for the period 2016–2020 are presented. The characteristics of a wheelchair with additional fixation for patients with cerebral palsy are given. The requirements for the provision of disabled people with technical means of rehabilitation (wheelchairs) are noted, the principles of selection and the tasks that must be solved when using them are indicated. The method of correct determination of the parameters of the wheelchair is presented to help doctors of medical organizations in the preparation of referral documents for medical and social examination

scholarly journals Clinical Relevance of State-of-the-Art Analysis of Surface Electromyography in Cerebral Palsy

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Germana Cappellini ◽  
Francesca Sylos-Labini ◽  
Carla Assenza ◽  
Laura Libernini ◽  
Daniela Morelli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cerebral Palsy ◽  
Neurological Disorders ◽  
Surface Electromyography ◽  
Clinical Relevance ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Neuromuscular System ◽  
Neural Controllers ◽  
Children With Cerebral Palsy ◽  
Tendon Surgery ◽  
Reference Databases

Surface electromyography (sEMG) can be used to assess the integrity of the neuromuscular system and its impairment in neurological disorders. Here we will consider several issues related to the current clinical applications, difficulties and limited usage of sEMG for the assessment and rehabilitation of children with cerebral palsy. The uniqueness of this methodology is that it can determine hyperactivity or inactivity of selected muscles, which cannot be assessed by other methods. In addition, it can assist for intervention or muscle/tendon surgery acts, and it can evaluate integrated functioning of the nervous system based on multi-muscle sEMG recordings and assess motor pool activation. The latter aspect is especially important for understanding impairments of the mechanisms of neural controllers rather than malfunction of individual muscles. Although sEMG study is an important tool in both clinical research and neurorehabilitation, the results of a survey on the clinical relevance of sEMG in a typical department of pediatric rehabilitation highlighted its limited clinical usage. We believe that this is due to limited knowledge of the sEMG and its neuromuscular underpinnings by many physiotherapists, as a result of lack of emphasis on this important methodology in the courses taught in physical therapy schools. The lack of reference databases or benchmarking software for sEMG analysis may also contribute to the limited clinical usage. Despite the existence of educational and technical barriers to a widespread use of, sEMG does provide important tools for planning and assessment of rehabilitation treatments for children with cerebral palsy.

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