IMPLIKASI LARANGAN PERNIKAHAN TUNAGRAHITA BERAT PERSPEKTIF MAQOSID SHARIAH JASER AUDA

Everyone has right to get married, unlike the case with people with severe mental retardation. There are adverse effects if mental retardation still gets the legality to get married. This marriage ban is categorized as severe mental retardation shich cant be done at all, and all work must be replaced by someone els. Because of the prohibition of marriage for people with intellectual disabilities that is feared to other people, it is difficult to create a marriage destination and it is feared that it will have an impact on children who will be born like their parents. If seen in terms of its benefits, the existence of the ban becomes a benefit. The application of system theory as an approach in Islamic law, there are six system features used by Jasser Auda as a knife of analysis namely cognitive nature, wholeness, openness, interleted hierarchy, multi dimentionality and pusposefullness. By using theory of Maqo>s{id Shari>‘ah Jasser Auda it will be seen that the prohibition of marriage for person with severe mental retardation is policy that is not merely to protect the rights of individuals but protect the rights of the general public, taking into account the puspose, function, mas{lahah and mud{arat.

Experience of Using Art Therapy Techniques in Working with Students with Severe Multiple Developmental Disabilities

The article presents the experience of the psychologist of the educational-correctional department of the Regional Center for Diagnosis and Counseling in Chelyabinsk. Art therapy techniques and activities for lessons on the program “Art Therapy” for students with severe multiple developmental disorders (moderate, severe mental retardation and ASD, RDA), mastering the adapted general education program of primary school for students with autism are described.

Psychiatric Disorders in Mӧbius Sequence: Intermittent Presentation of Auto-Aggressive Outbursts

Anecdotal evidence suggests the possible association of psychiatric disorders with Mӧbius sequence, although the evidence is not conclusive. Intermittent presentation of auto-aggressive outbursts, in particular, could be related to Mӧbius sequence, different from the common psychotic symptoms. The present report describes the clinical case of a young man with Mӧbius syndrome who exhibited a complex representation of severe mental retardation and concomitant psychiatric disorders. Extremely rare psychiatric disorders represented the main feature in this clinical case, besides the other well-known signs and symptoms of the Mӧbius syndrome. Psychiatric disorders could, therefore, prove to be an interesting field of study for an extensive exploration of the Mӧbius syndrome.

Serum S100B and intelligence in children with Down syndrome

Background Down syndrome is characterized by physical and mental retardation and caused by chromosome 21 (Hsa21) abnormalities. The S100B is a protein that is overproduced in Down syndrome due to overexpression of chromosome 21 genes. Comorbidities caused by S100B in Down syndrome are cognitive deterioration and early onset of dementia. Objective To assess for a possible association between S100B protein and intelligence levels in children with Down syndrome. Method This cross-sectional study included students in a special needs school in Padang, West Sumatera, who had the characteristic clinical features of Down syndrome and trisomy 21 by chromosome analysis. Examination of S100B levels was carried out using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method. Intelligence quotient (IQ) was measured using the 4th edition of the Wechlser Intelligence Scale for Children (WISC-IV) method. Results A total of 39 children with Down syndrome participated in the study. There were 25 children with mild mental retardation and 15 children with moderate-severe mental retardation. The mean S100B levels were not significantly different between groups [479.1 (SD 204) pg/mL in the mild mental retardation group and 458.7 (SD 158) pg/mL in the moderate-severe mental retardation group; P > 0.05]. The mean S100B level was significantly higher in subjects aged ≤ 10 years than in those aged > 10 years [566.9 (SD 210.0) pg/mL and 434.4 (SD 167.2) pg/mL, respectively (P<0.05)]. Conclusion There is no association between S100B and intelligence levels in children with Down syndrome. There is a significant association between higher S100B levels and younger age in children with Down syndrome.

Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy (DMD) with Severe Cardiomyopathy

Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is a progressive myopathy. The development of respiratory therapy has increased the life expectancy of DMD patients. This change has increased the chances of anesthesia administration in DMD patients with advanced cardiomyopathy. We report a severe cardiomyopathy case in a 14-year-old boy with DMD, adrenal insufficiency, and severe mental retardation, who experienced a sudden cardiac arrest with successful resuscitation. The patient underwent feeding gastrostomy surgery to relieve recurrent aspiration pneumonia, during which cardiac index and heart rate decreased. Cardiomyopathy has emerged as a new challenge in DMD patients; it is important to maintain end organ perfusion by proper function of the left ventricle.

GAMBARAN PENGASUHAN IBU DALAM MENGEMBANGKAN PERILAKU ADAPTIF SISWA TUNAGRAHITA

The purpose of this study is to describe mother’s parenting in developing adaptive ability on children with moderate to severe mental retardation. This research was a qualitative research. The subjects were three mothers who have children with moderate to severe mental retardation at SDLB X Jakarta. The subjects were selected using purposive sampling technique. Data were collected using interview and observation. The observation data was only used to support the suitability of interview data. The results showed that three participants had less positive parenting in developing students' adaptive abilities. This was shown from the acceptance and demandingness of the mother to each child. Three participants taught with verbal and provide direct assistance to student. This situation happens when students was unable to perform daily activities. The subjects also had no specific rules and consequences to support students' adaptive skills. Several factors that influence those condition were unappropriate expectation of mothers with their children and limited knowledge about characteristic of children with mental retardation. Thus, some areas of students' adaptive ability didn’t grow optimally.

The problem of social adaptation of the family of a child with severe psychophysical disorder

The article is devoted to the identification and overcoming of the psychological problems of the family of a child with severe psychophysical disorder. According to our hypothesis, psychological difficulties prevent parents from taking advantage of opportunities, provided by Russian laws. The target group included 39 children with cerebral palsy in combination with severe mental retardation, and 46 adult family members (33 women, 7 men). The control group included 37 healthy children and 37 adult family members (30 mothers, 7 fathers). The methods of psychological and pedagogical examination of children, standard and original questionnaires for parents were applied. It is shown that the passivity of parents in the search for social support is caused by the uncertainty of their ideas about the future, a decrease in the level of meaningfulness of life, depressive states. Psychological assistance provided to parents during the study led to an increase in social adaptation of families. It was concluded that the support system for families with children suffering from severe psychophysical disorders should be complemented by social patronage and psychological monitoring.

Severe mental retardation patient with a de novo chromosomal deletion 5q14-22 can be a carrier of a rectal and duodenal cancer associated with over 200 colorectal polyps: A case report

Introduction: Familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) caused by a de novo 5q chromosomal deletion is rare, and precise cytogenetic analysis utilizing comparative genomic hybridization (CGH) arrays have been performed in few cases. Case presentation: We herein present the case of a 38-year-old man with advanced rectal and duodenal cancer, FAP, and severe mental retardation caused by a de novo chromosomal deletion at 5q14-22. He was referred to our outpatient clinic because of a positive fecal occult blood test result. He was found to have advanced rectal cancer, with over 200 colorectal polyps, and duodenal cancer. He underwent laparoscopic total proctocolectomy with definitive ileostomy followed by partial resection of the duodenum. Comparative genomic hybridization to characterize deleted genes identified a large 5q deletion expanding approximately 24.9 Mbp, including the APC gene. Conclusion: Patients who harbor a chromosomal deletion involving 5q21 are at risk of developing rectal cancer and polyposis. Therefore, such patients need early cancer screening following the availability of genetic information.