Improvement of Environmental Safety in the Processing and Use of Elastomeric Waste

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (5) ◽  
pp. 16-21
Author(s):  
R.N. Plotnikova ◽  
V.I. Korchagin ◽  
L.V. Popova ◽  
P.S. Repin
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Decomposition ◽  
Sodium Phosphate ◽  
Polymeric Materials ◽  
Environmental Safety ◽  
General Purpose ◽  
Inorganic Salts ◽  
Waste Processing ◽  
Rubber Production ◽  
Production Wastes ◽  
Modifying Additive

The possibilities of use of combined modifying additive in the production of polymeric materials from general-purpose rubber production wastes are considered. Such additives facilitate reduce of the exhaust of pollutants into the environment at the stage of waste processing. Inorganic salts, including sodium phosphate and ammonium sulfate in a certain ratio can be used as a combined modifying additive the results of the study confirm the advantages of using of this complex modifier in polymeric materials from rubber production waste to increase their resistance to thermal decomposition, fire and aggressive media in comparison with an unmodified product. It was demonstrated that the complex modifying additive is more compatible with ISK rubbers and less washed out from it than with SKS rubbers.

Thermal Decomposition of Polymeric Materials

2016 ◽  
pp. 167-254 ◽  
Author(s):  
Artur Witkowski ◽  
Anna A. Stec ◽  
T. Richard Hull
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Decomposition ◽  
Polymeric Materials

Effect of potassium organic and inorganic salts on thermal decomposition of reconstituted tobacco sheet

2017 ◽  
Vol 129 (2) ◽  
pp. 975-984 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mengmeng Ding ◽  
Bin Wei ◽  
Zhao Zhang ◽  
Shike She ◽  
Lan Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Decomposition ◽  
Inorganic Salts ◽  
Reconstituted Tobacco Sheet

Flexural, Tensile and Impact Properties of Alkali Treated Coir Fibre Composites Prepared by Compression Molding Technique

2015 ◽  
Vol 766-767 ◽  
pp. 90-95
Author(s):  
G. Godwin ◽  
K. Umanath
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Weight Ratio ◽  
Polymeric Materials ◽  
High Strength ◽  
General Purpose ◽  
Coir Fibre ◽  
Fibre Composites ◽  
Fibre Reinforced Polymer ◽  
High Initial Cost ◽  
Coconut Fibre

Polymeric materials reinforced with synthetic fibres such as glass provide advantage of high stiffness and high strength to weight ratio. Despite these advantages, the widespread use of synthetic fibre-reinforced polymer composite has a tendency to decline because of their high-initial cost and most importantly their adverse environmental impact. In this work, four different composites are prepared with untreated coconut fibres, NaOH mercerized coconut fibres, KOH mercerized coconut fibres and CSM glass fibres. A lot of studies are done earlier on NaOH mercerized coconut fibre composites. But, no studies are done specifically for KOH mercerized coconut fibre composites. So, KOH mercerized coconut fibre composites are prepared in this study. General purpose polyester resin is used for preparing all the compsites. The mechanical properties of composites are studied using the flexural test, impact test and tensile test. The mechanical properties of KOH mercerized coconut fibre composites are studied and compared with the mechanical properties of NaOH mercerized coconut fibre composites, untreated coconut fibre composites and CSM glass fibre composites.

scholarly journals Increasing environmental safety by reducing technogenic load in mining regions

2020 ◽  
Vol 63 (7) ◽  
pp. 529-538 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. I. Lyashenko ◽  
V. I. Golik ◽  
V. Z. Dyatchin
Keyword(s):  
Production Capacity ◽  
Environmental Safety ◽  
Tailing Dump ◽  
Entire Area ◽  
Capital Costs ◽  
Waste Storage ◽  
Production Wastes ◽  
Full Design ◽  
Mixing Water ◽  
Selection Of

One of the most problematic points in technology for storing ore enrichment waste materials with hardener admixture into underground mined space and tailing dumps are the tailings of hydrometallurgical plant (HMP). They are supplied through a slurry pipeline to the tailing dump in form of pulp with solid to liquid mass ratio of 1:2. Liquid phase of the pulp after gravity separation and clarification in tailing dump is returned to technological cycle of HMP. Storage technology under consideration has several disadvantages: high nonrecurrent capital costs for construction of tailing dump at full design capacity; high probability of harmful chemicals migration into groundwater if protective shields of the base or sides of tailings are damaged. The authors have used data from literature and patent documentation considering storage parameters, laboratory and production experiments, physical modeling and selection of compositions of hardening mixtures. Analytical studies, comparative analysis of theoretical and practical results by standard and new methods were performed. Possibility of using hardening mixtures with adjacent production wastes used as binders was established. Optimal composition of ingredients per 1 m3 of hardening mixture is proposed as follows: 1350 – 1500 kg of HMP tailings; 50 - 70 kg of binder (cement); 350 liters of mixing water. Proposed technology of ore enrichment waste storage into underground mined space and tailings with hardener admixture application allows using underground mined space at the enterprise production capacity of 1,500 thousand tons per year to store 50 – 55 % of tailings, and store the rest wastes cemented by binding material in repository. When filling the entire area of the tailing dump mirror of 10 m height with cemented tails and HMP capacity of up to 1.5 million tons per year, its operation life is extended by 50 years.

scholarly journals Modification of polyvinylchloride by the silicates on the base of rice husk

2021 ◽  
Vol 263 ◽  
pp. 01001
Author(s):  
Elena Gotlib ◽  
Dilyara Sadykova ◽  
Ekaterina Yamaleeva ◽  
Alla Sokolova
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Decomposition ◽  
Rice Husk ◽  
Calcium Silicate ◽  
Rice Husk Ash ◽  
Practical Interest ◽  
Heat Stability ◽  
Strength Properties ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Pvc Compositions ◽  
Modifying Additive

As a modifying additive in PVC-compositions, silicates produced by means of rice husk processing are of practical interest. Rice husk ash obtained by burning at 350°C, along with synthetic and naturally occurring wollastonite, significantly reduce plasticizer’s migration from the PVC-composition due to their porosity. This is due to the fact that the part of hydroxyl components of the plasticizer EDOS has adsorbed on the surface or retained by the silicates pores. Along with that, Miwoll 10-97 ensures a greater decrease in plasticizer’s migration than synthetic calcium silicate on the base of rice husk ash. When all the researched silicates are modified by the rice husk and naturally occurring wollastonite, heat stability of PVC-compositions grows. This is preconditioned by the alkaline origin of the surface of filling compounds that allows their possible reaction with chlorine hydride released from PVC during thermal decomposition. Synthetic and naturally occurring wollastonite enhance strain-strength properties of PVC-compositions whereas silicates on the case of rice husk reduce these parameters.

scholarly journals Decorative Articles Based on Polymeric Materials

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 576-579
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Unsaturated Polyester ◽  
Exothermic Reaction ◽  
Polymeric Materials ◽  
General Purpose ◽  
Polyester Resins ◽  
Unsaturated Polyester Resins ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Coating Type ◽  
Different Dimensions

The aim of the research is to create decorative articles based on polymeric materials, study the effects of fillers and the type of moulds that it can cope with the exothermic reaction nature of resin to create a scientific background on the usage of the resins in daily life products. The polymeric materials that will be concentrated on are the unsaturated polyester resins and epoxy resins. The unsaturated polyester is of many types and chemical constituents, the used experimentally is a general-purpose type and the epoxy also have different types and the used is a commercially 3D floor coating type. The resulted articles that were achieved in the research from unsaturated polyester resins are two tables with different dimensions, vase, candle, decorative articles and bricks. As for Epoxy, two different dimensions 3D tiles with artificial flower immersed within it.

QSAR/QSPR in Polymers

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 80-88 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bakhtiyor Rasulev ◽  
Gerardo Casanola-Martin
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Decomposition ◽  
Predictive Modeling ◽  
Predictive Models ◽  
Polymeric Materials ◽  
Computational Design ◽  
Quantitative Structure ◽  
Structure Property ◽  
Glass Transition Temperatures ◽  
Fouling Release ◽  
Enhanced Properties

Predictive modeling of the properties of polymers and polymeric materials is getting more attention, while it is still very complicated due to complexity of these materials. In this review, we discuss main applications of quantitative structure-property/activity relationships (QSPR/QSAR) methods for polymers published recently. The most relevant publications are discussed covering this field highlighting the main advantages and drawbacks of the obtained predictive models. Examples dealing with refractive index, glass transition temperatures, intrinsic viscosity, thermal decomposition and flammability properties are shown, together with a fouling-release activity study. Finally, some considerations are discussed in order to give some clues that could lead to the improvement in the efficient computational design and/or optimization of new polymers with enhanced properties/activities.

Economic and institutional framework for environmental safety

2019 ◽  
pp. 70-81
Author(s):  
Andrey A. Gusev
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Environmental Safety ◽  
Waste Processing ◽  
Green Growth ◽  
Social Surveys ◽  
Environmental Situation ◽  
Current State ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Stimulation Of

The current state of environmental safety in Russia is described in the article. It is shown that the regulatory documents related to environmental safety are not fully harmonized. The article analyzes the results of social surveys of the population, reflecting the importance of the environmental situation in their places of residence. The shortcomings in the implementation of economic and institutional policies affecting environmental safety are considered. Based on the current environmental situation, the goal and priorities in the field of environmental safety are formulated. It is proposed to improve the legislation in the field of environmental protection and environmental management, taking into account the support for the development of environmentally friendly technologies and products. The economic stimulation of environmental safety, including the rationale for the use of ecological and economic criteria for economic decisionmaking is considered. The ways of creating the industry of utilization of harmful waste taking into account the union of the enterprises for production of the equipment for waste processing, the enterprises for waste processing and also the subjects applying waste and products of their processing as raw materials in technological processes are offered. The article considers the ways of increasing the energy efficiency of buildings and the impact of this increase on environmental safety, including the rationale for improving the energy efficiency of buildings by reducing the need for electricity and heat. The organizational measures of ecologically safe “green” economic growth are proposed taking into account the analysis of the best foreign practices. It is shown that the success of “green” growth in South Korea is due, in particular, to the political will of the country's leadership. It is proved that progressive provision of ecological safety is possible only on the way of system transformations in ecological and economic development of Russia.

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