Enzymative Activity of Soils in the Activity Territory of the Dzhida Tungsten-Molybdenum Combine (Western Zabaikalie)

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (7) ◽  
pp. 48-53
Author(s):  
S.B. Sosorova ◽  
I.N. Lavrent’eva ◽  
L.N. Boloneva ◽  
V.L. Ubugunov ◽  
E.G. Tsyrempilov
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Enzymatic Activity ◽  
Soil Enzymes ◽  
Western Transbaikalia ◽  
Humus Soil ◽  
Background Soil

The enzymatic activity (catalase, cellulase) of soils and technogenic sand on the territory of the former Dzhida tungsten-molybdenum combine (Western Transbaikalia) was studied. The objects of the study were the surface 0-10 cm layers of alluvial dark humus soil (Fluvisols) as a background, man-made sand (waste after mining and processing of tungsten and molybdenum ores) and soils of recultivated contours № 1, 3, 4. At the same depth, linen cloths were laid to assess the activity of cellulase. Differences in the activity of soil enzymes of the background soil and soils on the studied contours were established, depending on the level of heavy metals content in them and the technologies used for reclamation.

scholarly journals Assessment of the state of soils of uncultivated agricultural lands by indicators of enzymatic activity, humus and heavy metals

2021 ◽  
Vol 54 (2) ◽  
pp. 106-111
Author(s):  
Natalya V. Mishchenko ◽  
Ivan N. Kurochkin ◽  
Natalya V. Chugay ◽  
Ekaterina Yu. Kulagina
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Enzymatic Activity ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Soil Enzymes ◽  
Anthropogenic Impact ◽  
Field Research ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Vladimir Region ◽  
Agricultural Use

Abstract. Studies were conducted to determine such indicators as humus, heavy metals, and enzymatic activity in the soils of uncultivated farmlands of the Vladimir region located in the Klyazma river basin. In the course of field research in 2018, soil samples were selected at 13 points representing various landscape areas belonging to the Klyazma river basin. According to the results of research, a positive relationship between the activity of soil enzymes and the content of humus was established. In the soils of uncultivated farmland, where there is a high concentration of soil enzymes, a high percentage of humus was found from 2.88% to 3.96%. The dependence between the indicators of activity of soil enzymes and anthropogenic impact was revealed. Thus, the transition from deposits to the meadow, i.e. reduce anthropogenic impact on the soil, there is a sharp increase in the activity of soil invertase, catalase and dehydrogenase, an active process of humification of soil. The detected concentrations of heavy metals in soil samples of uncultivated farmland do not exceed the standards set for the approximate permissible concentrations, but their quantitative content has increased significantly over the past decade, their accumulation occurs and there is a potential danger in the case of secondary input of these soils into agricultural use.

scholarly journals Diagnosis of the Content of Selected Heavy Metals in the Soils of the Pałuki Region Against their Enzymatic Activity

2013 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 23-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joanna Lemanowicz ◽  
Agata Bartkowiak
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Enzymatic Activity ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Hydrolytic Enzymes ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
River Valley ◽  
Vegetable Crops ◽  
Soil Material ◽  
The Right ◽  
Very High

Abstract The paper presents the research results for the soils sampled from the area located in the eastern part of the Chodzieskie Lakes, between the Middle Noteć River Valley and the Wełna River Valley, the right tributary of the Warta River. The research involved 7 soil samples from the surface horizons, allocated to the cultivation of various plant species (cereals and vegetable crops). The following were determined in the soil material: the content of phytoavailable forms of selected heavy metals Zn, Cu, Pb, Ni, Fe and Mn, active and available to plants phosphorus against the activity of selected oxydo-reduction and hydrolytic enzymes. The soil under the vegetable crops showed a very high richness in phosphorus available to plants, which must have been related to an intensive fertilisation. There were identified relatively low contents of the available forms of the heavy metals investigated, the fact that points to their natural content in soil, which triggered the inhibition of neither the oxydo-reduction nor hydrolytic enzymes.

scholarly journals Biochar alleviates metal toxicity and improves microbial community functions in a soil co-contaminated with cadmium and lead

Biochar ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nahid Azadi ◽  
Fayez Raiesi
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Enzymatic Activity ◽  
Microbial Activity ◽  
Contaminated Soils ◽  
Metal Availability ◽  
Soil Microbial ◽  
Labile C ◽  
Cadmium And Lead

AbstractSoil amendment with biochar alleviates the toxic effects of heavy metals on microbial functions in single-metal contaminated soils. Yet, it is unclear how biochar application would improve microbial activity and enzymatic activity in soils co-polluted with toxic metals. The present research aimed at determining the response of microbial and biochemical attributes to addition of sugarcane bagasse biochar (SCB) in cadmium (Cd)-lead (Pb) co-contaminated soils. SCBs (400 and 600 °C) decreased the available concentrations of Cd and Pb, increased organic carbon (OC) and dissolved organic carbon (DOC) contents in soil. The decrease of metal availability was greater with 600 °C SCB than with 400 °C SCB, and metal immobilization was greater for Cd (16%) than for Pb (12%) in co-spiked soils amended with low-temperature SCB. Biochar application improved microbial activity and biomass, and enzymatic activity in the soils co-spiked with metals, but these positive impacts of SCB were less pronounced in the co-spiked soils than in the single-spiked soils. SCB decreased the adverse impacts of heavy metals on soil properties largely through the enhanced labile C for microbial assimilation and partly through the immobilization of metals. Redundancy analysis further confirmed that soil OC was overwhelmingly the dominant driver of changes in the properties and quality of contaminated soils amended with SCB. The promotion of soil microbial quality by the low-temperature SCB was greater than by high-temperature SCB, due to its higher labile C fraction. Our findings showed that SCB at lower temperatures could be applied to metal co-polluted soils to mitigate the combined effects of metal stresses on microbial and biochemical functions.

Impact of heavy metals on enzymatic activity of substrate and on composting worms Eisenia fetida

2006 ◽  
Vol 97 (13) ◽  
pp. 1498-1502 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher Malley ◽  
Jaya Nair ◽  
Goen Ho
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Enzymatic Activity ◽  
Eisenia Fetida

Effect of heavy metals on microbial communities and enzymatic activity in soil column experiment

2006 ◽  
Vol 52 (2) ◽  
pp. 161-169 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Vaisvalavicius ◽  
A. Motuzas ◽  
I. Prosycevas ◽  
L. Levinskaite ◽  
D. Zakarauskaite ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Enzymatic Activity ◽  
Microbial Communities ◽  
Soil Column ◽  
Column Experiment ◽  
Soil Column Experiment

scholarly journals SCREENING OF THE CONTENT OF SOME HEAVY METALS AT THE HUMUS SOIL HORIZON OF THE TRANSCARPATHIAN REGION

2021 ◽  
Vol 87 (2) ◽  
pp. 107-116
Author(s):  
Sergii Sukharev ◽  
Larysa Bugyna ◽  
Oleksandra Pallah ◽  
Oksana Sukhareva ◽  
Volodymyr Drobnych ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Total Content ◽  
Soil Horizon ◽  
Potential Danger ◽  
Spearman Correlation ◽  
Mountainous Regions ◽  
Geological Features ◽  
Maximum Permissible Concentrations ◽  
Mobile Forms ◽  
Humus Soil

Based on the screening of some heavy metals (HMs) content in the humus soil horizon of the Transcarpathian region, the regularities of the distribution of HMs in the soils of different landscape zones have been established. It is shown that  increasing of the terrain height, the content of HMs in soils decreases (except for Mn and Hg) and for the total HMs content  the values of the Spearman correlation coefficient are: Cu – (-0.84); Zn – (-0.83); Mn 0.77; Mo – (-0.91); Co – (-0.82); Pb – (-0.83); Hg – absent; for the content of acid-soluble forms: Cu – absent; Zn – (-0.72); Mn 0.75; Mo – (-0.89); Co – (-0.86); Pb – (-0.77); Hg is absent. This pattern is associated with the tectonic and geological features of the different landscape zones. The calculation of the migration coefficient (the ratio of the content of acid-soluble forms to the gross content) has been shown that in mountainous regions this indicator has the highest value for Zn, Pb, and Cu. That means the potential danger of migration of these heavy me­tals and their bioavailability. This is probably connected to the type of soil in the mountai­nous areas of the region. A pronounced inter-element correlation of the HMs content in soils (except for Hg) has been established and the corresponding values of Pearson’s coefficients for the gross content are: Cu:Zn – 0,96; Cu:Mn – (-0,84); Cu:Mo – 0,89; Cu:Co – 0,99; Cu:Pb – 0,87; Zn:Mn – (-0,79); Zn:Mo – 0,91; Zn:Co – 0,96; Zn:Pb – 0,86; Mn:Mo – (-0,86); Mn:Co – (-0,84); Mn:Pb – (-0,75); Mo:Co – 0,87; Mo:Pb – 0,81; Co:Pb – 0,87. This makes it possible to predict the content of several HMs in the soils of the Transcarpathian region based on the results of determining one of them. In general, the content of HMs in the humus soil horizon (total content and content of mobile forms) is lower than the corresponding values of maximum permissible concentrations.  

A novel in-situ soil enzymatic activity sensor- expanding soil precision measurements to indicator of soil health.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hélène Iven ◽  
Sonia Meller ◽  
Jörg Luster ◽  
Emmanuel Frossard
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Activity ◽  
Enzymatic Activity ◽  
Precision Agriculture ◽  
Soil Enzymes ◽  
Soil Health ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Soil Enzyme ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
Soil Enzymatic Activity

<p>Soil enzymes catalyse the hydrolysis of various soil compounds leading to an increase in the availability of nutrients for plants and microorganisms, but the increase in mobility might also lead to losses by leaching. Sources of extracellular soil enzymes in soil include release by soil microorganisms such as bacteria and fungi and plant roots but also microbial necromass. Irrespective of their source, the released enzymes can accumulate in the soil by becoming stabilized on mineral and organic surfaces. It is generally assumed that 40 to 60% of measured enzyme activity originate from stabilized enzymes. As such they directly affect the ability of a soil to fulfil its numerous functions, including the provision of nutrients to plants, the cleaning of percolating water and climate regulation.</p><p>Although measurements of soil enzyme activity are increasingly recognised as sensitive indicators of soil health, variations and inconsistencies between existing methods make it difficult to compare the results of different studies. Most commonly, soil enzyme activities are assessed using destructive biochemical laboratory incubations, thus altering the natural soil conditions.</p><p>Therefore, based on the principle of soil zymography, a membrane based method to map the heterogeneity of enzymatic activity on exposed soil surfaces, we developed a portative, hand-held sensor allowing rapid measurement of the soil enzymatic activity in-situ (Digit Soil; https://www.digit-soil.com/). In this presentation, we will compare the performance of our sensor to laboratory incubations for the application on various types of soils differing in basic properties such as pH, texture and soil organic matter content at different moisture conditions.</p><p>Based on the results, we will discuss the prospects this new sensor offers for rapid in-situ evaluation of soil health in the framework of precision agriculture and sustainability labels.</p>

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