scholarly journals Novel Population Pharmacokinetic Method Compared to the Standard Noncompartmental Approach to Assess Bioequivalence of Iron Gluconate Formulations

2013 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 424 ◽  
Author(s):  
Corinne Seng Yue ◽  
Keith Gallicano ◽  
Line Labbé ◽  
Murray P Ducharme
Keyword(s):  
Compartmental Model ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Relative Bioavailability ◽  
Population Pharmacokinetic ◽  
Noncompartmental Analysis ◽  
Open Label ◽  
Post Dose ◽  
Final Model ◽  
Pharmacokinetic Properties ◽  
Noncompartmental Approach

Purpose: Iron-containing products are atypical in terms of their pharmacokinetic properties because iron is only removed by plasma sampling and is non-linear. This study aims to present a novel way of assessing the relative bioavailability of two sodium ferric gluconate complex (SFGC) formulations and compare this approach to a standard previously published noncompartmental approach. Methods: Data were from open-label, randomized, single-dose studies (Study 1 was parallel whereas Study 2 was crossover). Subjects with low but normal iron levels were infused IV SFGC in sucrose by GeneraMedix Inc. and/or Ferrlecit ® Injection (Watson Laboratories Inc.). In Study 1 (n=240), 125 mg was infused over 10 minutes. In Study 2 (n=29), 62.5 mg was infused over 30 minutes. Samples were assayed for total iron (TI) and transferrin-bound iron (TBI) over 36 hours (Study 1) or 72 hours (Study 2) post-dose. Studies 1 and 2 used standard noncompartmental analysis. Study 2 also used population PK (PPK) analyses with ADAPT 5®. The final model predicted SFGC area-under-the-curve (AUCpred) and maximal concentration (Cmaxpred). Analyses of variance was conducted on ln-transformed PK parameters. Ratios of means and 90% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated. Bioequivalence was demonstrated if values were within 80-125%. Results: For Study 1, ratios and 90% CIs for TI baseline-corrected Cmax and AUC0-36 were 100.4 (96.5 – 104.5) and 99.7 (94.2 – 105.5). For TBI, results for TI baseline-corrected Cmax and AUC0-36 were 86.8 (82.7 – 91.1) and 92.4 (85.6 – 99.7). For Study 2, a multi-compartmental model simultaneously described the PK of TI, TBI and SFGC. Ratios and 90% CIs for SFGC Cmaxpred and AUCpred were 89.9 (85.9 - 94.0) and 89.7 (85.7 - 93.9), while ratios and 90% CI obtained from the noncompartmental analysis of Study 2 did not meet BE criteria because of low power. Conclusions: Both the standard and PPK modeling approach suggested bioequivalence between the iron products. However, with the PPK method, less subjects were required to meet study objectives compared to the standard noncompartmental approach which required considerably more subjects (29 vs 240). This article is open to POST-PUBLICATION REVIEW. Registered readers (see “For Readers”) may comment by clicking on ABSTRACT on the issue’s contents page.

scholarly journals Population Pharmacokinetic Modelling and Simulation to Determine the Optimal Dose of Nanoparticulated Sorafenib to the Reference Sorafenib

Pharmaceutics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 629
Author(s):  
Ki Young Huh ◽  
Sejung Hwang ◽  
Sang Yeob Park ◽  
Hye Jung Lim ◽  
Miryung Jin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Compartmental Analysis ◽  
Optimal Dose ◽  
Compartment Model ◽  
Population Pharmacokinetic ◽  
Open Label ◽  
Post Dose ◽  
Multikinase Inhibitor ◽  
Final Model ◽  
Fasted State ◽  
Second Period

Sorafenib, an oral multikinase inhibitor, exhibits a highly variable absorption profile due to enterohepatic reabsorption and poor solubility. SYO-1644 improved the solubility of sorafenib by nanoparticulation technology leading to enhanced bioavailability. To evaluate the pharmacokinetically equivalent dose of SYO-1644 to the reference Nexavar® 200 mg, a randomized, open-label, replicated two-period study was conducted in healthy volunteers. A total of 32 subjects orally received a single dose of the following assigned treatment under a fasted state in the first period and repeated once more in the second period with a two-week washout: SYO-1644 100, 150 and 200 mg and Nexavar® 200 mg. Pharmacokinetic (PK) samples were collected up to 168 h post-dose. The PK profile was evaluated by both non-compartmental analysis and population PK method. With the final model, 2 × 2 crossover trial scenarios with Nexavar® 200 mg and each dose of SYO-1644 ranging from 100 to 150 mg were repeated 500 times by Monte Carlo simulation, and the proportion of bioequivalence achievement was assessed. Transit absorption compartments, followed by a one-compartment model with first-order elimination and enterohepatic reabsorption components were selected as the final model. The simulation results demonstrated that the SYO-1644 dose between 120 and 125 mg could yielded the highest proportion of bioequivalence.

scholarly journals P78 Pharmacokinetics of intravenous and intranasal nalbuphine in infants

2019 ◽  
Vol 104 (6) ◽  
pp. e49.2-e49
Author(s):  
M Pfiffner ◽  
V Gotta ◽  
E Berger-Olah ◽  
M Pfister ◽  
P Vonbach
Keyword(s):  
Maximum Concentration ◽  
Opioid Analgesic ◽  
Wilcoxon Test ◽  
Noncompartmental Analysis ◽  
Open Label ◽  
Post Dose ◽  
Time Curve ◽  
Acute Setting ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Concentration Time

BackgroundNalbuphine is a mixed agonist-antagonist opioid analgesic agent frequently used in paediatrics, and licensed for parenteral use only. Intranasal delivery could be a safe, effective and non-invasive alternative, especially in infants in the acute setting. However, pharmacokinetic (PK) data for this route of administration is completely lacking. The aim of this study was to assess PK of nalbuphine in infants 1–3 months after single intravenous (0.05 mg/kg) and intranasal (0.1 mg/kg) application, respectively.MethodsWe conducted a prospective, single centre, open-label pharmacokinetic study in infants 1–3 months undergoing sepsis workup in the emergency unit. Included infants received alternating nalbuphine as 0.05 mg/kg intravenous bolus or as 0.1 mg/kg intranasal spray. PK samples were taken at 3 pre-defined time points (15, 30 and max. 240 min post-dose before discharge). Area under the concentration-time curve (AUC0-Tlast, and AUC0-infinity for i.v.) was calculated using noncompartmental analysis and was compared between groups using Wilcoxon test. Further parameters derived included maximum concentration (Cmax), time of maximum concentration (Tmax for i.n.) and terminal half-life (t1/2).ResultsA total of 31 patients were included in the analysis. Median age was 55 days [interquartile range 38–63] in the intranasal (N=20) and 42 [37–76] days in the iv group (N=11). Median AUC0-Tlast was 7.6 (5.4–10.4) mcg*h/L following intranasal versus 7.9 (6.0–14.7) mcg*h/L for iv administration (p=0.46). AUC0-Tlast (i.v.) covered 80 [68–83]% of AUC0-infinity. Median Cmax was 4.5 [3.5–5.6] mcg/L (i.n.) versus 6.5 [5.3–15.9] mcg/L (i.v.) (p=0.014), t1/22.4 [1.3–2.8] h (i.n.) versus 1.3 [1.1–1.5] h (i.v.) (p=0.021). Tmax occurred 37 [32–65] min after intranasal administration.ConclusionThis first PK study of intranasal nalbuphine in infants suggests that 0.1 mg/kg i.n. dosing provides similar exposure as 0.05 mg/kg i.v. in infants in terms of AUC, and hence intranasal bioavailability close to 50%.Disclosure(s)Nothing to disclose

scholarly journals Bioequivalence of intramuscular and subcutaneous peginterferon beta-1a: results of a phase I, open-label crossover study in healthy volunteers

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 175628642097522
Author(s):  
Yuan Zhao ◽  
Kun Chen ◽  
Nancy Ramia ◽  
Sangeeta Sahu ◽  
Achint Kumar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Phase I ◽  
Crossover Study ◽  
Healthy Volunteers ◽  
Treatment Option ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Open Label ◽  
Post Dose ◽  
Maximum Serum ◽  
Alternative Treatment Option

Background: Peginterferon beta-1a administered every 2 weeks via subcutaneous (SC) injection is approved to treat adult patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) and relapsing forms of multiple sclerosis (RMS). However, associated injection site reactions (ISRs) can lead to treatment discontinuation. Prior studies with interferon beta-1a reported a lower frequency of ISRs with intramuscular (IM) administration than with SC administration. IM administration of peginterferon beta-1a may therefore represent a useful alternative treatment option. Methods: A phase I, open-label, two-period crossover study randomized healthy volunteers to receive a single dose of peginterferon beta-1a 125 mcg administered IM followed by a single 125 mcg dose administered SC after a 28-day washout or vice versa. Blood samples were collected up to 504 h post dose to determine pharmacokinetic (PK) and pharmacodynamic (PD) profiles. The primary endpoint was assessment of bioequivalence based on maximum serum concentration (Cmax) and area under the curve from time zero extrapolated to infinity (AUCinf). Other PK parameters, as well as PD (serum neopterin) and safety profiles, were also evaluated. Results: The study enrolled 136 participants. Bioequivalence of IM and SC peginterferon beta-1a was established for both Cmax ([least squares (LS)] mean IM/SC ratio: 1.083 [90% confidence interval (CI), 0.975–1.203]) and AUCinf (LS mean IM/SC ratio: 1.089 [90% CI, 1.020–1.162]). Other PK and PD parameters were similar between administration routes, although moderate to high inter-subject variability was observed for IM and SC. Safety profiles were generally balanced between IM and SC administration. ISRs occurred at a lower frequency with IM [14.4% (95% CI, 8.89–21.56%)] than with SC [32.1% (95% CI, 24.29–40.70%)] administration ( p = 0.0005). Conclusions: These results demonstrate bioequivalence between peginterferon beta-1a IM and SC and support the consideration of IM injection of peginterferon beta-1a as a viable treatment option in patients with RRMS and RMS.

scholarly journals Injectable Dexamethasone Sodium Phosphate Administered Orally? A Pharmacokinetic Analysis of a Common Emergency Department Practice

2015 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 105-111
Author(s):  
Alexander Toledo ◽  
Christopher S. Amato ◽  
Nigel Clarke ◽  
Richard E. Reitz ◽  
David Salo
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Phosphate ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Relative Bioavailability ◽  
Healthy Adults ◽  
Absolute Bioavailability ◽  
Pharmacokinetic Analysis ◽  
Pharmacokinetic Data ◽  
Open Label ◽  
Dexamethasone Sodium Phosphate ◽  
The Mean

BACKGROUND: The injectable formulation of dexamethasone has been administered orally, for the treatment of pediatric asthma and croup. The practice is followed in emergency departments around the country, but pharmacokinetic data supporting this practice are lacking. OBJECTIVES: This study evaluated the relative bioavailability and pharmacokinetics of dexamethasone sodium phosphate for injection (DSPI) administered orally compared to dexamethasone oral concentrate (DOC) in healthy adults. METHODS: This was an open label, crossover study of 11 healthy adults 18 to 45 years of age. All subjects received 8 mg of dexamethasone oral concentrate initially. After a 1-week wash-out period, subjects received 8 mg of DSPI administered orally. Dexamethasone levels were measured by liquid chromatography in tandem mass spectrometry. Cmax and area under the curve (AUC (0-t) and AUC (0-∞)) were calculated and compared between groups using the paired t test. RESULTS: The mean ± SD AUC(0-t) for dexamethasone oral concentrate and DSPI were 5497.23 ± 1649 and 4807.82 ± 1971) ng/dL/hr, respectively; 90% confidence interval (CI) was 78.8%–96.9%. The mean ± SD AUC(0-∞) for dexamethasone oral concentrate and DSPI were 6136.43 ± 2577 and 5591.48 ± 3075 ng/dL/hr, respectively; 90% CI was 79.0% –105.2%. Mean Cmax ± SD for DOC and DSPI were 942.94 ± 151 and 790.92 ± 229 ng/dL, respectively; 90% CI 76.8%–91.7%. The relative bioavailability of DSPI administered orally was 87.4% when using AUC(0-t) and 91.1% when using AUC(0-∞). The calculated absolute bioavailability was 75.9%. CONCLUSIONS: DSPI is not bioequivalent to dexamethasone oral concentrate when administered orally. The existing literature supports the efficacy of DSPI despite this. Dosing adjustments may be considered.

scholarly journals Effect of Pregnancy on Unbound Raltegravir Concentrations in the ANRS 160 RalFe Trial

2020 ◽  
Vol 64 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi Zheng ◽  
Déborah Hirt ◽  
Sandrine Delmas ◽  
Gabrielle Lui ◽  
Sihem Benaboud ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Population Pharmacokinetic Model ◽  
Pharmacokinetic Model ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Compartment Model ◽  
Population Pharmacokinetic ◽  
Third Trimester ◽  
Open Label ◽  
First Order ◽  
The Third ◽  
Pregnancy And Postpartum

ABSTRACT A population pharmacokinetic model was developed to explore the pharmacokinetics modification of unbound raltegravir during pregnancy. The RalFe ANRS160 study was a nonrandomized, open-label, multicenter trial enrolling HIV-infected pregnant women receiving a combined antiretroviral regimen containing 400 mg raltegravir twice daily. Biological samples were collected during the third trimester of pregnancy (between 30 and 37 weeks of gestational age) and at postpartum (4 to 6 weeks after delivery). A population pharmacokinetic model was developed with Monolix software. A total of 360 plasma samples were collected from 43 women during pregnancy and postpartum. The unbound raltegravir was described by a one-compartment model with a transit compartment with first-order absorption, evolving to bound raltegravir (by a linear binding to albumin) or metabolism to RAL-glucuronide or to a first-order elimination, with a circadian rhythm. During pregnancy, the absorption was decreased and delayed and the raltegravir elimination clearance and glucuronidation increased by 37%. Median total and unbound area under the curve from 0 to 12 h significantly decreased by 36% and 27% during pregnancy. Median total trough concentration (Ctrough) decreased significantly in the evening (28%); however, the median total Ctrough in the morning, unbound Ctrough in the morning, and unbound Ctrough in the evening showed a nonsignificant decrease of 16%, 1%, and 15%, respectively, during pregnancy compared to the postpartum period. This is the first study reporting the pharmacokinetics of unbound raltegravir during pregnancy. As unbound Ctrough did not significantly decrease during the third trimester, the pregnancy effect on raltegravir unbound concentrations was not considered clinically relevant. (This study has been registered at ClinicalTrials.gov under identifier NCT02099474.)

scholarly journals Pharmacokinetics of a Novel Form of Biotin, Magnesium Biotinate, in Healthy Subjects (P06-027-19)

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara Perez Ojalvo ◽  
Sarah Sylla ◽  
James Komorowski
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Study ◽  
Peak Plasma ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Blood Levels ◽  
Pharmacokinetic Data ◽  
Open Label ◽  
Post Dose ◽  
Funding Sources ◽  
Study Results

Abstract Objectives Biotin, also known as vitamin B7, plays an important role in the metabolization of nutrients into energy. Magnesium biotinate (MgB) is a novel biotin compound that has been shown to be 40 times more soluble than D-Biotin. Preclinical evidence has shown that MgB is well absorbed into the bloodstream and tissues, particularly the brain, over time. The following pharmacokinetic study was carried out to further explore the absorption and bioavailability of MgB. Methods In an open-label clinical study, 30 healthy female subjects (18–45 years, BMI 18.0–29.9 kg/m2) were randomized to receive a single oral capsule containing one of the following doses of MgB (n = 10 per group): 1) 10 mg MgB, 2) 40 mg MgB, 3) 100 mg MgB. Serial blood samples were collected in K2-EDTA tubes at pre-dose (within 1 hour of dose) and at 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 3.0 and 6.0 hours post-dose. Plasma samples were analyzed for biotin by LC/MS/MS. Pharmacokinetic data were calculated for each dose group. Results Study results showed that plasma biotin levels increased at 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 3.0 and 6.0 hours post-dose for all groups. However, the largest biotin increase was seen in the 100 mg group (Figure 1). Peak plasma concentrations were observed as follows: 84.8 ng/mL 1 hour after a 10 mg dose, 214.6 ng/mL 1.5 hours after a 40 mg dose, and 508.5 ng/mL 1.5 hours after a 100 mg dose. Area under the curve values increased with increasing biotin dose level (10 mg: 210.0 ng*h/mL; 40 mg: 605.1 ng*h/mL; 100 mg: 1652.4 ng*h/mL). No adverse effects were observed. Conclusions Results from this single-dose pharmacokinetic clinical study demonstrate that magnesium biotinate is a bioavailable form of biotin, with increasing blood levels associated with increasing dose levels. Funding Sources This study was funded by JDS Therapeutics, LLC. Supporting Tables, Images and/or Graphs

Relative bioavailability of H3B-6545 tablets versus capsules and drug-drug interaction between H3B-6545 and pantoprazole.

2021 ◽  
Vol 39 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. e13022-e13022
Author(s):  
Jianjun Alan Xiao ◽  
Hugh A Coleman ◽  
Tarek Sahmoud ◽  
Lei Gao ◽  
Weili Chong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Steady State ◽  
Phase 1 ◽  
Geometric Mean ◽  
Relative Bioavailability ◽  
Cysteine Residue ◽  
Open Label ◽  
Post Dose ◽  
Fixed Sequence ◽  
Women Subjects ◽  
Concurrent Use

e13022 Background: H3B-6545 is a selective, orally available, small molecule antagonist of the estrogen receptor (ER), covalently binding to a cysteine residue at position 530 of both wild-type and the constitutively active mutant ERα proteins. H3B-6545 demonstrated preliminary clinical antitumor activity in breasts cancer patients in phase 1b/2. Methods: This was an open-label phase 1 study to evaluate the relative bioavailability of H3B-6545 from a tablet formulation compared to capsules, and the effect of pantoprazole on the pharmacokinetics of H3B-6545, in healthy post-menopausal women. Subjects were randomized (1:1 ratio) to a combined crossover and fixed sequence 3 periods treatment: A single oral dose (SOD) of 450 mg H3B-6545 fasted on day 1 (capsules or tablets), followed by a 4-day washout; A SOD of 450 mg H3B-6545 fasted on day 5 (crossover formulation from the first period), followed by a 4-day washout; daily oral doses of 40 mg pantoprazole on days 9 to 15 with coadministration of a SOD of 450 mg H3B-6545 (tablets) on day 15. Results: A total of 16 subjects were enrolled and received at least one dose of H3B-6545 and 15 subjects completed all 3 periods. One subject assigned to the tablet/capsule treatment sequence withdrew from the study due to subject decision on day 13 (Period 3), following completion of Period 1 (H3B-6545 tablet) and Period 2 (H3B-6545 capsule). Following a SOD of H3B-6545 capsules alone, tablets alone, or tablets at steady-state QD of pantoprazole, H3B-6545 geometric mean Cmax was about 1070, 1120 and 1330 ng/mL, respectively, AUC was about 16600, 17500 and 18300 ng.h/mL, respectively, half-life was about 11.0, 11.0 and 10.2 hours, respectively, and the median Tmax was about 3.0, 4.0, and 2.0 hours post dose, respectively. The ratio (capsule/tablet) of Cmax and AUC was both about 0.95; steady-state pantoprazole QD increased H3B-6545 Cmax by 20% with no change in AUC. Nine subjects (56.3%) reported at least 1 TEAE during the study with constipation being the most common (43.8%); all TEAEs were mild in severity. There were no SAEs reported. Conclusions: Plasma PK of H3B-6545 is similar between tablets and capsules, and in the absence or presence of pantoprazole. Concurrent use of gastric acid reducers had a minimal effect on H3B-6545 exposure and was not considered clinically meaningful.

scholarly journals 2229. Relative Bioavailability of a Single Oral Dose of SUBA-Itraconazole 65 mg Capsule Compared with Conventional Itraconazole 100 mg Capsule Administered Under Fasted and Fed Conditions in Healthy Adult Volunteers

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. S761-S761
Author(s):  
Stuart Mudge ◽  
Phoebe Lewis ◽  
Bruce P Burnett
Keyword(s):  
Single Dose ◽  
Bioequivalence Study ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Relative Bioavailability ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Open Label ◽  
Post Dose ◽  
Geometric Means ◽  
Unique Nature ◽  
Adult Volunteers

Abstract Background Conventional itraconazole (CI) absorption from capsules even under fed conditions is suboptimal (~55%), let alone when fasted. SUBA-itraconazole (SI) is ~1.8x’s more bioavailable than CI at steady-state in a fed condition. There are, however, no data comparing these formulations under a fasted state. A single-dose PK study was performed comparing bioavailability of 65mg SI to 100mg CI under fasted or fed conditions. Methods This was an open-label, single-dose, randomized, four-period, four-treatment, four-sequence, crossover bioequivalence study under fasted and fed conditions in healthy adults. Subjects were administered a single dose of SI (1 × 65 mg) and CI (1 × 100 mg). Under fasted condition, subjects were administered SI or CI following an overnight fast of at least 10 hours. Subjects under fed condition were administered SI or CI after 30 minutes of consuming a standardized high fat breakfast preceded by an overnight fast of at least 10 hours. After dosing, all subjects fasted for at least 4 hours post-dose in all periods. Blood samples were collected prior to dosing and then from 1 to 120 hours. Analysis of itraconazole (IZ) and hydoxyitraconazole (HIZ) serum levels was by least-squares-geometric means of PK parameters. Results Under fasted condition, Cmax and AUCtau of IZ for SI were substantially higher compared with CI (Table, Figure 1). Under fed conditions, however, the Cmax and AUCtau of IZ for SI was 20% and 10% lower, respectively (table, Figure 2). Similar results were found for HIZ. The Tmax for IZ and HIZ of SI and CI were similar under a fasted condition but extended by over 2 hours for SI vs. CI under fed conditions. Study drugs were well-tolerated under fasted and fed conditions. All TEAEs were mild and resolved at the end of the study. Fifty of 52 subjects enrolled completed the study. Two subjects did not complete the study due to not being able to finish a high fat meal and noncompliance. No SAEs were reported. Conclusion Total and peak IZ/HIZ exposure was substantially higher for SI under fasted conditions compared with CI, but slightly lower under fed conditions with similar safety profiles. This study demonstrates the unique nature of the SI formulation compared with CI under fasted conditions and may lead to less variability if patients are not adherent to dietary requirements when taking itraconazole. Disclosures All authors: No reported disclosures.

scholarly journals The relative bioavailability of two formulations containing 10 mg Dapagliflozin assessed under fasting conditions in a randomized crossover study in healthy Caucasian subjects

2020 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-34
Author(s):  
Monica Oroian ◽  
Diana Ioana Pop ◽  
Ana-Maria Gheldiu ◽  
Sandeep Bhardwaj ◽  
Adriana Marcovici ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Single Dose ◽  
Reference Product ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Immediate Release ◽  
Relative Bioavailability ◽  
Pharmacokinetic Analysis ◽  
Pharmacokinetic Parameters ◽  
Maximum Plasma ◽  
Open Label ◽  
Pharmaceutical Industries

AbstractObjective: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the relative bioavailability of two formulations containing 10 mg dapagliflozin in healthy Caucasian subjects under fasting conditions.Materials and Methods: Forty-eight healthy Caucasian subjects were enrolled in a single-dose, crossover, balanced, open label, randomized clinical trial, with two treatment, two periods and two sequences. The wash-out period was of 7 days and thirty-eight subjects completed both study periods. Each subject received a single dose of 10 mg dapagliflozin as the reference product Farxiga® (AstraZeneca Pharmaceuticals LP, USA) and the test product developed by Sun Pharmaceutical Industries, India. Dapagliflozin plasma levels were determined from blood samples collected in both study periods before and after dosing until 48 hours by using a validated LC-MS/MS method. For pharmacokinetic analysis of data, the non-compartmental method was used (Phoenix® WinNonlin 6.3). The statistical analysis was performed by SAS software 9.1.3 for the logarithmically transformed values of maximum plasma concentration and area under the curve.Results: The 90% confidence intervals for the evaluated pharmacokinetic parameters were found to be in the accepted interval for bioequivalence (80.00-125.00%).Conclusion: The 10 mg dapagliflozin immediate release tablet newly developed by Sun Pharmaceutical Industries, India, is bioequivalent with the reference product Farxiga® under fasted state of the subjects.

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