Influence of Temperature on the Ovipositional Biology of the Redbanded Leafroller and Tufted Apple Bud Moth (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae)

1990 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 277-283
Author(s):  
G. C. Rock ◽  
R. E. Stinner
Keyword(s):  
Argyrotaenia Velutinana ◽  
Influence Of Temperature ◽  
Redbanded Leafroller ◽  
Preoviposition Period ◽  
Platynota Idaeusalis ◽  
Tufted Apple Bud Moth ◽  
Influence Of Temperature On ◽  
The Mean

Effects of constant temperatures of 10, 15, 20, 25, 30 and 35°C on the preoviposition period and the effects of a constant 25°C on oviposition, fecundity, and longevity of the redbanded leafroller, Argyrotaenia velutinana (Walker), and the tufted apple bud moth, Platynota idaeusalis (Walker), were investigated. Oviposition did not occur at 35°C for either species and only the redbanded leafroller oviposited at 10°C. The threshold for oviposition for RBLR was calculated to be 8.7°C with 29.4 DD necessary for oviposition, while the oviposition threshold for TABM was calculated to be 10.5°C with 33.5 DD needed for oviposition. The mean oviposition periods for the two species did not differ; however, tufted apple bud moth longevity was significantly greater at 25°C. Fecundity was greater for the tufted apple bud moth (301 eggs/female) than for the redbanded leafroller (221 eggs/female).

scholarly journals VI. The specific heats of metals and the relation of specific heat to atomic weight.—Part III

1904 ◽  
Vol 203 (359-371) ◽  
pp. 139-149 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Specific Heat ◽  
Atomic Weight ◽  
The Other ◽  
Influence Of Temperature ◽  
Specific Heats ◽  
Weight Part ◽  
Chemical Combination ◽  
Influence Of Temperature On ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The One

The law of Neumann assumes that when an atom enters into chemical combination it retains the same capacity for heat as when in the uncombined or elemental state. This generalisation is, however, based on the values observed for the mean specific heats of elements and their compounds between 0° and 100° C. Attention was directed in Part II. of this investigation to the great differences found in the influence of temperature on the specific heats of various metals, such as aluminium on the one hand, and silver or platinum on the other. The experiments now about to be described were undertaken with the object of ascertaining to what extent these differences persist in the compounds of such elements.

scholarly journals The ammonia tolerance test in horses

1991 ◽  
Vol 62 (2) ◽  
pp. 48-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. S. Van den Berg
Keyword(s):  
Ammonia Concentration ◽  
Tolerance Test ◽  
Plasma Samples ◽  
Plasma Ammonia ◽  
Influence Of Temperature ◽  
Clinically Normal ◽  
Baseline Concentrations ◽  
Influence Of Temperature On ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Maximum Rise

Clinically normal horses (n = 8) with ages ranging from 5 to 8 years, were starved for 12 h and their plasma ammonia concentrations were measured. The mean fasting plasma ammonia concentration was 17,8±3,8 µmol l-1. After dosing ammonium chloride at a dose rate of 0,02 g kg-1, there was a significant increase in plasma ammonia concentration, with a maximum rise after 20 min (P 0,05). To investigate the influence of temperature on plasma ammonia concentrations of stored samples, 8 plasma samples were stored at -20°C and 4°C respectively. The plasma ammonia concentrations were measured after 6, 12 and 24 h in each of the stored samples. Plasma ammonia concentrations increased significantly after 12 and 24 h when stored at 4°C (P 0,05). When plasma was stored at 20°C there was no significant increase from baseline concentrations during 24h (P 0,05).

scholarly journals The influence of temperature on the biology of Triatominae. XIX. Triatoma maculata (Hemiptera, Reduviidae)

1993 ◽  
Vol 22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ionizete Garcia da Silva ◽  
Ennio Luz
Keyword(s):  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Influence Of Temperature ◽  
Influence Of Temperature On ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
The Mean

Estudou-se a influência da temperatura no ciclo evolutivo de Triatoma maculata (Erichson) (Hemiptera, Reduviidae), tendo em vista uma criação em grande escala, em laboratório, para serem testados no xenodiagnóstico e, ainda, fornecer informações que subsidiem investigações sobre esta espécie. Apresentam-se os resultados do ciclo evolutivo obtidos a 25±0,5°C e 30°C±1,0°C , com umidade relativa de 70+5% e fotoperíodo de 12 horas, que foram de 223,5 e 222,3 dias, para machos e fêmeas, respectivamente, a 24°C e 30°C, a duração média foi de 168,7 e 167,2 dias, respectivamente, para machos e fêmeas. Abstract The influence of temperature on the biology of Triatoma maculata (Erichson) (Hemiptera, Reduviidae), was studied in order to obtain a larger number of Triatominae reared in laboratory. to use in xenodignosis. The experiments were performed in two climatized chambers at 25±0.5°C and 30°C±1.0°C , 70+5% of relative humidity and fotoperiod of 12 hours. The mean duration of the evolutive cycle for males and females was 223.5 and 222.3 days, at 25°C, and 168.7, and 167.2 days, at 30°C. Résumé L’influence de la temperature dans la biologie de Triatoma maculata (Erichson) (Hemiptera, Reduviidae), a été étudié. pour obtenir un grand numéro de Triatominae, élevé on laboratoire et utilizé le xenodiagnostique. Les épreuves ont étés faites dans deux chambres climatiques à 25±0,5°C et 30°C±1,0°C humidité relatif était 70±5% et le photopériode de 12 heurs. En moyenne, la durée du cycle évolutif a été pour les mâles et les femelles de 223,5 et de 222,3 jours à 25°C. et 168,7 et de 167,2 jours, à 30°C.

Influence of Temperature on Gaffkemia, a Bacterial Disease of the Lobster Homarus americanus

1969 ◽  
Vol 26 (9) ◽  
pp. 2503-2510 ◽  
Author(s):  
James E. Stewart ◽  
John W. Cornick ◽  
B. M. Zwicker
Keyword(s):  
Homarus Americanus ◽  
Rapid Decrease ◽  
Bacterial Disease ◽  
Influence Of Temperature ◽  
Time To Death ◽  
Fatal Infection ◽  
Influence Of Temperature On ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
Mean Time

The mean time to death for lobsters (Homarus americanus) infected with Gaffkya homari and kept at constant temperatures was 2 days at 20 C, 12 days at 15 C, 28 days at 10 C, 65 days at 7 C, 84 days at 5 C, and 172 days at 3 C. The lobsters were unable to mobilize at any of these temperatures systemic defenses adequate to eliminate the pathogen. No deaths that could be attributed to infection with G. homari occurred during the 250-day trial at 1 C; the pathogen, however, was not eliminated at this temperature but remained in the lobsters at low levels with virulence unchanged and gave rise to a fatal infection when the temperature was increased. Further studies showed that infected lobsters were adversely affected by a relatively rapid increase of 10 degrees C but not by a 5-degree C increase; a relatively rapid decrease of 15 degrees C but not 10 degrees C was adverse. Infected lobsters at 15 C were most sensitive to a 5-degree C decrease around the 12th day of the infection.

scholarly journals The Influence of Temperature on the Rate of Development of Insects, With Special Reference·to the Eggs of Gryllulus Commodus Walker

1952 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 96 ◽  
Author(s):  
TO Browning
Keyword(s):  
Incubation Period ◽  
Rate Of Development ◽  
Influence Of Temperature ◽  
Influence Of Temperature On ◽  
The Mean

Eggs of the cricket Gryllulus commodus Walked (Gryllidae, Orthoptera) were incubated at nine constant temperatures; the mean duration of the incubation period and its variance have been determined at each temperature.

XIV. Researches on the refraction, dispersion, and sensitiveness of liquids

1863 ◽  
Vol 153 ◽  
pp. 317-343 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Royal Society ◽  
Refractive Indices ◽  
Influence Of Temperature ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Angular Measurements ◽  
Influence Of Temperature On ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Fixed Line

In a previous paper “On the Influence of Temperature on the Refraction of Light,” we started some inquiries which have been since pursued, and we now lay before the Royal Society some of the later results. The same apparatus has been employed, with a hollow prism of 61° 0' angle, and the method of observation has been essentially the same. But experience has led to some modifications, the most important of which is this: instead of attempting to take the angular measurements at certain foredetermined temperatures, as 10° C., 20° C., they were taken first at the temperature of the room, whatever that might be, and then at such other temperatures as seemed to offer the most trustworthy results. This involved more calculation, but it still saved time, and secured greater accuracy. The plan of measuring to 10" was abandoned as a useless nicety; but, as a rule, two or more observations of each fixed line at each temperature were taken, and if they differed slightly the mean was adopted, but if the discrepancy amounted to 2' or 3' the observation was repeated. The average of these observations of the lines A, D, and H at different temperatures gave the refractive indices which are placed together in the Table that constitutes Appendix I., and they afford the data for nearly all the comparisons about to be instituted. Appendix II. contains the mean determinations made of the refractive indices of some of these liquids for a larger number of the lines at the temperature of the room. To it have been added some observations on other liquids, and deter­minations published in our former papers, so as to render it as complete as possible for any who may desire to investigate the irrationality of the spectrum, or the truth of the formulae of Cauchy.

scholarly journals II. On the influence of temperature on the electric conducting power of the metals

1862 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
pp. 516-518 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Least Squares ◽  
Method Of Least Squares ◽  
Influence Of Temperature ◽  
Silver Copper ◽  
Electric Conducting ◽  
Copper Gold ◽  
Influence Of Temperature On ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Pure Metals

In the first part of the paper we have described the apparatus used for the experiments, together with the precautions taken to ensure correct results; in the second we have given the results obtained with the pure metals—silver, copper, gold, zinc, tin, arsenic, antimony, bismuth, mercury—and the metalloid tellurium. The conducting power of the wires, or bars of each, was determined at about 12°, 25°, 40°, 55°, 70°, 85°, and 100°C.; and from the mean of the eight observations made with each wire (four at each temperature on heating, and four on cooling), we deduced a formula by the method of least squares for the correction of the conducting power for temperature.

The effect of temperature on high-resolution TEM image contrast

1995 ◽  
Vol 53 ◽  
pp. 640-641
Author(s):  
T. Geipel ◽  
W. Mader ◽  
P. Pirouz
Keyword(s):  
Form Factor ◽  
Inelastic Scattering ◽  
Accurate Method ◽  
Waller Factor ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Specimen Thickness ◽  
Influence Of Temperature ◽  
Debye Waller Factor ◽  
Influence Of Temperature On ◽  
Atomic Form Factor

Temperature affects both elastic and inelastic scattering of electrons in a crystal. The Debye-Waller factor, B, describes the influence of temperature on the elastic scattering of electrons, whereas the imaginary part of the (complex) atomic form factor, fc = fr + ifi, describes the influence of temperature on the inelastic scattering of electrons (i.e. absorption). In HRTEM simulations, two possible ways to include absorption are: (i) an approximate method in which absorption is described by a phenomenological constant, μ, i.e. fi; - μfr, with the real part of the atomic form factor, fr, obtained from Hartree-Fock calculations, (ii) a more accurate method in which the absorptive components, fi of the atomic form factor are explicitly calculated. In this contribution, the inclusion of both the Debye-Waller factor and absorption on HRTEM images of a (Oll)-oriented GaAs crystal are presented (using the EMS software.Fig. 1 shows the the amplitudes and phases of the dominant 111 beams as a function of the specimen thickness, t, for the cases when μ = 0 (i.e. no absorption, solid line) and μ = 0.1 (with absorption, dashed line).

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