scholarly journals Trends and Structural Changes in Japanese Post-2011 Agri-Food Trade Flows

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (0) ◽  
pp. 1-17
Author(s):  
Dimitrios Dadakas ◽  
Christos Karpetis ◽  
Stevi Tatsi
Keyword(s):  
Structural Changes ◽  
Trade Flows ◽  
Food Trade

scholarly journals Analysis of Trade-offs between Food Security and Water-Land Savings through Food Trade and Structural Changes of Virtual Water Trade in the Arab World

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sang-Hyun Lee ◽  
Rabi H. Mohtar ◽  
Seung-Hwan Yoo
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Food Security ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Arab World ◽  
Virtual Water ◽  
Virtual Water Trade ◽  
Food Trade ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
Crop Area ◽  
Shed Light

Abstract. The aim of this study is to analyze the impacts of food trade on food security and water-land savings in the Arab World in terms of virtual water trade (VWT). We estimated the total volume of virtual water imported for four major crops – barley, maize, rice, and wheat – from 2000 to 2012, and assessed their impacts on water and land savings, and food security. The largest volume of virtual water was imported by Egypt (19.9 billion m3/year), followed by Saudi Arabia (13.0 billion m3/year). Accordingly, Egypt would save 13.1 billion m3 in irrigation water and 2.1 million ha of crop area through importing crops. In addition, connectivity and influence of each country in the VWT network was analyzed using degree and eigenvector centralities. The study revealed that the Arab World focused more on increasing the volume of virtual water imported during the period 2006–2012 with little attention to the expansion of connections with country exporters, which is a vulnerable expansion. This study shed light on opportunities and risks associated with VWT and its role in food security and land management in the Arab World.

The Agricultural and Food Trade in the First Globalization: Spanish Table Wine Exports 1871 to 1935 – A Case Study

2008 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 132-148 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vicente Pinilla ◽  
Raúl Serrano
Keyword(s):  
Gravity Model ◽  
Jel Classification ◽  
Principal Factor ◽  
Trade Flows ◽  
Trade Policies ◽  
Food Trade ◽  
Explanatory Factors

AbstractThe objective of the present study is to analyze the overall trajectory of Spanish table wine exports during the period 1871–1935 and provide convincing explanations of the pattern. Thus, we employ an approach that takes all of the possible explanatory factors into account, instead of adopting a narrower approach which focuses on a single principal factor. The methodology employed consists of using a gravity model to explain trade flows in Spanish table wine. Our results highlight the key role of trade policies in the determination of export possibilities and the difficulties derived from the export of products which are characterized by the low or non-existent change in demand when income changes. These results may shed a little more light on the determinants of trade in the first phase of globalization. (JEL Classification: F14, N73, N74, Q17)

scholarly journals Virtual water trade flows and savings under climate change

2013 ◽  
Vol 17 (8) ◽  
pp. 3219-3234 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Konar ◽  
Z. Hussein ◽  
N. Hanasaki ◽  
D. L. Mauzerall ◽  
I. Rodriguez-Iturbe
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Agricultural Productivity ◽  
Virtual Water ◽  
Hydrologic Model ◽  
Trade Flows ◽  
Climate Change Scenarios ◽  
Virtual Water Trade ◽  
Food Trade ◽  
The Impact

Abstract. The international trade of food commodities links water and food systems, with important implications for both water and food security. The embodied water resources associated with food trade are referred to as "virtual water trade". We present the first study of the impact of climate change on global virtual water trade flows and associated savings for the year 2030. In order to project virtual water trade and savings under climate change, it is essential to obtain projections of both bilateral crop trade and the virtual water content of crops in each country of production. We use the Global Trade Analysis Project model to estimate bilateral crop trade under changes in agricultural productivity for rice, soy, and wheat. We use the H08 global hydrologic model to determine the impact of climatic changes to crop evapotranspiration for rice, soy, and wheat in each country of production. Then, we combine projections of bilateral crop trade with estimates of virtual water content to obtain virtual water trade flows under climate change. We find that the total volume of virtual water trade is likely to go down under climate change, due to decreased crop trade from higher crop prices under scenarios of declining crop yields and due to decreased virtual water content under high agricultural productivity scenarios. However, the staple food trade is projected to save more water across most climate change scenarios, largely because the wheat trade re-organizes into a structure where large volumes of wheat are traded from relatively water-efficient exporters to less efficient importers.

scholarly journals THE COMPETITIVENESS OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD PRODUCTS OF MOLDOVA ON THE FOREIGN MARKETS: ASPECTS AND TENDENCIES

AGROFOR ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Liliana CIMPOIES ◽  
Olga SARBU
Keyword(s):  
Structural Changes ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Food Products ◽  
International Markets ◽  
Foreign Markets ◽  
Food Trade ◽  
Industry Trade ◽  
Independent States ◽  
Cis Countries ◽  
Structure Of Trade

Competitiveness has become a key issue on international markets since it can beconsidered as the major source of export development. A country that utilizes thebest its resources within its agricultural sector may benefit from comparativeadvantage on international agricultural markets. The paper analyzes the agriculturaland food trade of Moldova from different aspects of inter and intra industry trade.The aim is to estimate the trend and extent of inter and intra-industry trade inagricultural and food products of Moldova. The time series from 2001 to 2015 areexamined. Moldova’s share on agri-food exports is still large, but various changesoccurred in the total value and the geographical structure of trade flows during theanalyzed period. The analysis of competitiveness was through estimation of intra -industrial and inter- industrial trade indices (Relative Trade Advantages (RTA),Grubel-Lloyd (GL)). The obtained results indicate which agri-food products werecompetitive, which had relative advantages and a potential to increase itscompetitiveness. The level of intra-industry trade in agricultural and food productsfor Moldova is quite high (78%). The results of the intra-industrial trade levelindicated a decrease in European Union (EU) countries and increase in relationwith Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) countries. For most commoditygroups the GL values presented average high variability over time, fact whichreflected the structural changes in Moldavian agri-food trade.

Price competition vs. quality competition: The role of one-way trade

2008 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-89 ◽  
Author(s):  
Š. Bojnec ◽  
I. Fertő
Keyword(s):  
Public Policy ◽  
Price Competition ◽  
Trade Flows ◽  
Quality Competition ◽  
Private Business ◽  
Significant Component ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Food Trade ◽  
Small Countries

This paper investigates trade balances and unit values focusing on Hungarian-Slovenian bilateral agri-food trade flows to distinguish types of one-way and two-way trade flows, categories of price competition and categories of quality competition. We combine Gehlhar — Pick’s (GP) (2002) procedure of four trade categories with knowledge from literature on intra-industry trade (IIT) to disentangle one-way trade, which can be significant when trade between two countries is imbalanced, from two-way matched trade flows with unit values as proxies for price. By comparing the empirical results obtained using the additional categories of one-way trade and disentangled IIT types in two-way matched trade by product was found that GP’s two price and two quality competition categories and IIT types complement each other. The decomposition of GP non-price competition categories on quality competition and one-way trade illustrates that one-way trade is the most significant component of agri-food trade between Hungary and Slovenia, a finding relevant for agri-food trade of several small countries. One-way trade cannot be associated by the simultaneous export and import unit values by the product, but by some other factors of trade specialisation and comparative trade advantages of relevance for public policy makers and private business.

scholarly journals A causative matrix approach for measuring temporal structural changes caused by globalization in Latvian economy

2021 ◽  
Vol 92 ◽  
pp. 07024
Author(s):  
Juris Hāzners ◽  
Elita Benga
Keyword(s):  
Structural Changes ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Final Demand ◽  
Trade Flows ◽  
Matrix Approach ◽  
Policy Options ◽  
Domestic Markets ◽  
Manufacturing Sectors ◽  
Future Policy ◽  
Selection Of

Research background: globalization processes affect the economies mainly with intensified foreign trade flows which have an impact of all industries including also sectors that operate mainly in domestic markets. Identifying the structural changes in economy sectors is crucial for the selection of the future policy options. Purpose of the article: the objective of the research is the estimation of the structural changes in Latvian economy by analyzing the structural changes in sector output over the period from 2006 to 2014. Methods: the left causative matrix method allows for the evaluation of the contributions of economy sectors to other sectors and supply within the sector. By adding the changes in sector output multipliers which capture the changes in final demand, overall changes in the structure of sector output can be estimated. After the obtaining these indicators, sectors can be clustered based upon the change ratios. Findings & Value added: research results show that none of the sectors has performed positively in every aspect in terms of output externalization, importance for other sectors or contributions to final demand. Manufacture of textiles, wearing apparel and leather products is a single sector with increased externalization and importance for other sectors, while it’s contribution to final demand has slightly declined. Agriculture and fishing along with number of manufacturing sectors has shown increased ratios with respect to other sectors and final demand. For sectors with increased internalization, the importance of other sectors and final demand has declined. In general, increased internalization should be considered alarming as it points to lower competitiveness of products forming sector output.

scholarly journals Virtual water trade flows and savings under climate change

2013 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-101 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Konar ◽  
Z. Hussein ◽  
N. Hanasaki ◽  
D. L. Mauzerall ◽  
I. Rodriguez-Iturbe
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Water Use Efficiency ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Virtual Water ◽  
Hydrologic Model ◽  
Trade Flows ◽  
Virtual Water Trade ◽  
Food Trade ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
The Impact

Abstract. The international trade of food commodities links water and food systems, with important implications for both water and food security. The embodied water resources associated with food trade are referred to as "virtual water trade". We present the first study of the impact of climate change on global virtual water trade flows and associated savings for the year 2030. In order to project virtual water trade under climate change, it is essential to obtain projections of both bilateral crop trade and the water-use efficiency of crops in each country of production. We use the Global Trade Analysis Project (GTAP) to estimate bilateral crop trade flows under changes in agricultural productivity. We use the H08 global hydrologic model to estimate the water-use efficiency of each crop in each country of production and to transform crop flows into virtual water flows. We find that the total volume of virtual water trade is likely to go down under climate change. However, the staple food trade is projected to save more water across most climate impact scenarios, largely because the wheat trade re-organizes into a more water-efficient structure. These findings indicate that trade may be an adaptation measure to climate change with ramifications for policy.

scholarly journals Information and communication infrastructure development and agro-food trade

2011 ◽  
Vol 57 (No. 2) ◽  
pp. 64-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
Š. Bojnec ◽  
I. Fertő
Keyword(s):  
Transaction Costs ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Oecd Countries ◽  
Trade Flows ◽  
Infrastructure Development ◽  
Communication Infrastructure ◽  
Food Trade ◽  
Trade Model ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
Gravity Trade Model

The purpose of this paper is to provide an adapted gravity trade model to measure the influence of communication infrastructure development on agro-food trade. The adapted gravity trade model presents associations of bilateral agro-food trade between OECD countries with traditional gravity equation variables and particularly with variables of the information and communication infrastructure development. Using the adapted gravity trade model we find a positive association between the information and communication infrastructure development and bilateral agro-food trade flows between OECD countries. This association is significantly stronger for agricultural than for food products. The improved information and communication infrastructure development improves information and reduces trade transaction costs.

The ‘Similarity’ of Agri-Food Trade Flows between the EU-28 and the Asia-50

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-29
Author(s):  
Rosa Maria Fanelli ◽  
Alessandro Giglio
Keyword(s):  
Trade Flows ◽  
Food Trade ◽  
The Eu
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