scholarly journals Conceptual domain CRIMINAL ACTIVITY as a source of metaphorisation in biological popular-science English discourse

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 150-154
Author(s):  
Anna V. Filatova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Criminal Activity ◽  
Popular Science ◽  
Source Domain ◽  
Science Discourse ◽  
Conceptual Domain ◽  
The Given

The purpose of the article is to examine the conceptual domain CRIMINAL ACTIVITY, which happens to be one of the most productive source domains in structuring biological popular science discourse in English. The analysis of this metaphorical model makes it possible to draw valid conclusions regarding some special features of how the source domain CRIME functions in the given type of discourse.

scholarly journals Speech methods of representation of scientific knowledge as a tool for increasing reader interest to popular science texts (based on the material of online versions of journals)

2021 ◽  
Vol 273 ◽  
pp. 11029
Author(s):  
Yana Kosyakova
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Analysis ◽  
Scientific Knowledge ◽  
Popular Science ◽  
Science Texts ◽  
Continuous Sampling ◽  
Science Discourse ◽  
Modern Media ◽  
Speech Patterns ◽  
Selection Of

The purpose of this work is to: 1) identify, study and analyze speech methods of updating scientific knowledge as a tool for influencing the reader's consciousness; 2) identify potential criteria for increasing the audience's interest in the presented scientific knowledge in the aspect of popular science discourse on the example of popular science articles from selected journals for analysis; 3) describe the influencing potential of these speech methods of presenting knowledge to the addressee. Methodology. The influencing potential of media sources that increase the interest of the readership is revealed through a series of studies describing the factors and methods of popularizing scientific knowledge in modern media on the basis of intersecting discourses (social-political, pedagogical, medical, etc.). The research is also based on the method of continuous sampling in the selection of practical material, the method of quantitative and qualitative analysis. The article substantiates the most effective and frequent speech patterns.

scholarly journals The impact of a YouTuber’s lively gesticulation on his image. The case of Wojtek Drewniak and his Historia bez cenzury

2020 ◽  
Vol 58 (3) ◽  
pp. 199-216
Author(s):  
Anna Barańska-Szmitko
Keyword(s):  
Facial Expressions ◽  
Popular Science ◽  
Body Language ◽  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
Science Discourse ◽  
Major Significance ◽  
Youtube Videos ◽  
The Impact

The aim of the article is to verify the importance of gesticulation on one’s image in the popular science discourse based on YouTube videos by Wojciech Drewniak, a historian. The study employed the formula of an experiment in which subjects watched a video and defined the image-related characteristics of the YouTuber, and then were asked to write on what bases they assigned individual characteristics. Gesticulation became key for the construction of such image-related characteristics as: “energiczny” (energetic), “pasjonat” (enthusiast), “charyzmatyczny” (charismatic), “o wyrazistej mowie ciała” (with expressive body language), “ciekawie opowiada” (talks in an interesting manner), “chaotyczny” (chaotic), “szalony” (mad), “irytujący” (irritating), “pewny siebie” (confident), and “wyluzowany” (chill). Apart from gesticulation also tone and the pace of talking as well as expressive facial expressions had a major significance. It is necessary to conduct other studies to check to what extent the achieved results are typical for this type of YouTube communication and to what extent they are specific for Wojciech Drewniak only.

Vulgarisation scientifique et médiatisation de la science

Terminology ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 60-92 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hélène Ledouble
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Plant Protection ◽  
Popular Science ◽  
Societal Implications ◽  
Public Attention ◽  
Research Topics ◽  
Subject Field ◽  
Daily Newspapers ◽  
Science Discourse ◽  
Conceptual Confusion

Abstract This article explores terminological variation, in particular denominative variation, in popular science discourse. Our objective is to analyse the terminological complexity and instability of terms referring to the controversial notion of biocontrol (lutte biologique in French) in two types of publications. The analysis is based on the identification of the different denominations used in this interdisciplinary subject field, both in a Journal specialized in plant protection and in the most popular French daily newspapers. Our study aims to give an in-depth linguistic and cognitive analysis of French terms and explain the reasons for the observed variation. As most scientific research topics gaining public attention, biological control (or biocontrol) is prone to a multiplication of terms. In this study, we show how the profusion of terms, in a domain with important scientific and societal implications, can maintain or even exacerbate terminological and conceptual confusion.

THE DYNAMICS OF CRIME AND PUNISHMENT

2005 ◽  
Vol 16 (11) ◽  
pp. 1701-1732 ◽  
Author(s):  
KJELL HAUSKEN ◽  
JOHN F. MOXNES
Keyword(s):  
Criminal Activity ◽  
Deterrent Effect ◽  
Dynamic Approach ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Crime And Punishment ◽  
First Order ◽  
The Us ◽  
War On Crime ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Given

This article analyzes crime development which is one of the largest threats in today's world, frequently referred to as the war on crime. The criminal commits crimes in his free time (when not in jail) according to a non-stationary Poisson process which accounts for fluctuations. Expected values and variances for crime development are determined. The deterrent effect of imprisonment follows from the amount of time in imprisonment. Each criminal maximizes expected utility defined as expected benefit (from crime) minus expected cost (imprisonment). A first-order differential equation of the criminal's utility-maximizing response to the given punishment policy is then developed. The analysis shows that if imprisonment is absent, criminal activity grows substantially. All else being equal, any equilibrium is unstable (labile), implying growth of criminal activity, unless imprisonment increases sufficiently as a function of criminal activity. This dynamic approach or perspective is quite interesting and has to our knowledge not been presented earlier. The empirical data material for crime intensity and imprisonment for Norway, England and Wales, and the US supports the model. Future crime development is shown to depend strongly on the societally chosen imprisonment policy. The model is intended as a valuable tool for policy makers who can envision arbitrarily sophisticated imprisonment functions and foresee the impact they have on crime development.

scholarly journals ARGUMENTATION MODELING IN POPULAR SCIENCE DISCOURSE USING ONTOLOGIES

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 97-109
Author(s):  
Yu.A. Zagorulko ◽  
◽  
N.O. Garanina ◽  
O.I. Borovikova ◽  
O.A. Domanov
Keyword(s):  
Popular Science ◽  
Science Discourse

scholarly journals Research platform for the study of argumentation in popular science discourse

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 489-502
Author(s):  
E.A. Sidorova ◽  
◽  
I.R. Akhmadeeva ◽  
Yu.A. Zagorulko ◽  
A.S. Sery ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Popular Science ◽  
Russian Language ◽  
The Body ◽  
Science Texts ◽  
Science Discourse ◽  
Text Corpora ◽  
Research Platform ◽  
Analytical Tools ◽  
Web Platform ◽  
Selection Of

The paper discusses a software system designed to support the study of argumentation in Russian-language popular science texts. This system is based on an ontology built on modern principles of argumentation modeling. In particular, this ontology contains formal descriptions of typical reasoning schemes that are used for annotating texts, analyzing the arguments presented in them, and assessment of its persuasiveness relative to a given audience. A method of argumentative marking of a text is proposed, which provides the allocation of statements and the construction on their basis of an argumentation graph using knowledge about typical reasoning schemes. The paper also describes a set of web tools that provide the creation of thematic corpora, visualization of the argumentation ontology used, the construction of the argumentation graph, the selection of argumentation indicators in the texts, as well as the search for various entities in the text corpora in ontology terms. Analytical tools are presented by means of collecting statistical information on the occurrence of typical elements of argumentation in the body of texts, by means of researching indicators of argumentation and by means of analyzing the persuasiveness of argumentation. The novelty of the work consists in the development of an original methodology for studying argumentation in popular science discourse, based on the ontology of argumentation and supported by a specialized web platform.

scholarly journals Rhetorical argumentation in popular science discourse: Features and prospects

2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 426-440
Author(s):  
Marina N. Volf ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Popular Science ◽  
Target Audience ◽  
Science Literature ◽  
Science Text ◽  
Science Texts ◽  
Science Discourse ◽  
Basic Model ◽  
Dialectical Approach ◽  
Rhetorical Argumentation ◽  
And Function

The nature of popular science discourse in recent decades has acquired a convincing function, while it is addressed to an audience that is not always loyal to science. There are new requirements for writing argumentative popular science texts and they must contain arguments that depend on the target audience. The need for a broad mastery of the skill of writing well-reasoned popular science texts is associated with the issues of understanding how successfully their function has been implemented to convince the audience and thе explication of technologies that help make these texts convincing, including the creation of a database of typical basic arguments. It is believed that the methods of computer analysis used in computational rhetoric can be used to study the argumentative specifics of popular science literature, and rhetorical argumentation should be the most productive approach to argumentation in a popular science text because only it provides ways of interacting with the audience. However, there are constraints for the development of this direction that make it difficult to find and annotate arguments in a popular science text, namely: an ambiguity in understanding the argument and argumentation, modeling various arguments depending on the understanding of their structure and function, and finally, the target audience modeling. Explication of arguments in the text is possible through linguistic markers, but there is a problem of establishing the boundaries of the argument. Identifying the internal structure of text segment relationships solves this problem, however, annotating the text is sensitive to certain methods of modeling argumentation. Based on the basic model of Toulmin’s argument, the special aspects of modeling rhetorical argumentation and its dependence on the target audience are illustrated. It is proposed that the concept of a universal audience can hardly be adapted to practical tasks, and criteria that are consistent with the format of truths and the format of audience values, the implementation of which could bring the target audience closer to an universal one. The author demonstrates the features in the pragma-dialectical approach, which, despite its popularity in computational rhetoric, do not allow it to be fully adapted to popular science discourse.

“The suburbs are exploding”

2010 ◽  
Vol 24 ◽  
pp. 103-119 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefanie Peeters
Keyword(s):  
Conceptual Metaphor ◽  
The Other ◽  
Target Domain ◽  
Conceptual Metaphor Theory ◽  
Source Domain ◽  
Conceptual Domain ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Metaphor Theory ◽  
The One

Ever since Lakoff and Johnson (1980) introduced their Conceptual Metaphor Theory, metaphors have been seen as important ‘framing devices’: as metaphor involves constructing one conceptual domain in terms of another, the choice of the latter (or source domain) affects how the former (or target domain) is represented. Based on a corpus of French written press reporting, this article will, on the one hand, show that the notion of ‘framing’ is, in line with the findings of Conceptual Metaphor Theory, useful for analysing metaphors as well as for indicating their constructive force. On the other hand, however, this article will defend the idea that an analysis of metaphors in terms of frames does not always suffice and needs to be complemented. Following a recent strand in metaphor studies that shows an increasing awareness of the importance of studying metaphors as linguistic and discursive phenomena (cf. Cameron, 2003; Semino, 2008), we will claim that a more co-text-oriented metaphor approach has to be adopted to account for the nuances and evaluative associations metaphors are able to convey.

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