A Pilot Study on Controlling Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Inflammation Using Melatonin Supplement

No effective antiviral drugs and vaccines are available for the treatment of patients with severe coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19). Therefore, available, safe, and inexpensive drugs and supplements such as melatonin are among the proposed options for controlling inflammation. We did a randomized, single-blind study in Imam Khomeini Hospital between June 30, 2020, and August 5, 2020. Mild to moderate COVID-19 patients aged 25-65 years were eligible to enter the study based on chest CT scan, clinical symptoms, and physician diagnosis. The intervention group was prescribed 6 mg of oral melatonin for 2 weeks, which consumed half an hour before bedtime every night in low light conditions. Clinical symptoms and C-reactive protein (CRP) were measured before and after treatment in the melatonin received and control (regular medications) groups. Among screened patients with COVID-19, 14 patients were assigned to receive melatonin, and 17 patients were considered as controls. A significant difference (p=0.005) between CRP 1 and CRP 2 levels (before and after using melatonin) was found in the melatonin group while this difference (p=0.069) was not significant in the control group. Also, the percentage of recovery (based on symptoms) in patients who took melatonin was higher than that of patients in the control group (85.7% VS 47.1%). The result of this study confirmed the effectiveness of melatonin in mild to moderate outpatients with COVID-19. More clinical trials on elderly, diabetic, obese patients and severe cases are suggested in future studies.

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Treatment of Non-erosive Effect of Clinical Study of Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease

Advanced Emergency Medicine ◽

10.18686/aem.v6.89 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 6 (3) ◽

Author(s):

Qian Liu

Keyword(s):

Treatment Group ◽

Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease ◽

Gastroesophageal Reflux ◽

Reflux Disease ◽

Clinical Symptoms ◽

Effective Rate ◽

Control Group ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Before And After ◽

And Control

Abstract: Objective: To observe the clinical effect of “Chaihu Shugan Powder Zuojin Pill” in the treatment of non-erosive gastroesophageal reflux disease. Methods: Sixty patients with non-erosive gastroesophageal reflux disease were randomly divided into treatment group and control group (30 cases in each group). The patients were treated with “Zaohu Shugan Powder” and “Zangjin Pills” and omeprazole respectively. For 8 weeks, the clinical efficacy and changes in clinical symptoms were observed. Results: The total effective rate was 93.3% in the treatment group and 80.0% in the control group. There was significant difference between the two groups before and after treatment (P <0.05). Conclusion: “Chaihu Shugan Powder Zuojin Pill” can effectively improve the clinical symptoms of non-erosive gastroesophageal reflux disease.

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The effects of combination of Zingiber officinale and Echinacea on alleviation of clinical symptoms and hospitalization rate of suspected COVID-19 outpatients: a randomized controlled trial

Journal of Complementary and Integrative Medicine ◽

10.1515/jcim-2020-0283 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 0 (0) ◽

Author(s):

Mehdi Mesri ◽

Seied Saeid Esmaeili Saber ◽

Mohammadreza Godazi ◽

Aboulfazl Roustaei Shirdel ◽

Reza Montazer ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Standard Treatment ◽

Clinical Symptoms ◽

Intervention Group ◽

Herbal Medicines ◽

Zingiber Officinale ◽

Hospitalization Rate ◽

Control Group ◽

P Value ◽

Significant Difference ◽

And Control

Abstract Objectives Herbal medicines, as a treatment method, have received a great deal of attention. The effects of two herbal medicines namely Zingiber officinale and Echinacea on alleviation of clinical symptoms and hospitalization rate of suspected COVID-19 outpatients were examined. Methods A clinical trial with 100 suspected COVID-19 outpatients as participants was conducted. The participants were allocated randomly to two groups of 50 members. The intervention group received concurrent Zingiber officinale (Tablet Vomigone 500 mg II tds) and Echinacea (Tablet Rucoldup I tds) for seven days in addition to the standard treatment. The control group only received the standard treatment (Hydroxychloroquine). After seven days, alleviation of clinical symptoms and hospitalization rate were examined. In addition, 14 days after treatment, the hospitalization was assessed again by telephone follow up. Results The two groups were identical in terms of basic characteristics. Improvement level as to coughing, dyspnea, and muscle pain was higher in the intervention group (p value <0.05). There was no significant difference between the two groups in terms of the other symptoms. In addition, the hospitalization rate in the intervention and control groups were 2 and 6% respectively, which are not significantly different (p value >0.05). Conclusions Taking into account the efficiency and trivial side-effects of Zingiber officinale and Echinacea, using them for alleviation and control of the clinical symptoms in COVID-19 outpatients is recommended.

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"Heterozygous Treatment" Method to Improve the Biased Status of the Damp-heat Constitution and Symptom Integral: Randomized Controlled Trial

Journal of Advances in Medicine Science ◽

10.30564/jams.v1i1.27 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

pp. 33

Author(s):

Xianbing Hou ◽

Haizhang Wang ◽

Yanzhen Huo ◽

Hui Zhao

Keyword(s):

Clinical Symptoms ◽

Controlled Trial ◽

Treatment Method ◽

Control Group ◽

Observation Group ◽

Randomized Controlled ◽

Dark Urine ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Before And After ◽

And Control

Objective: To observe the clinical effect of "heterozygous treatment" intervening the damp-heat constitution. Method: 106 cases with damp-heat constitution were randomly divided into the observation group and control group, 53 cases for each group. Lianpu drink was given to the two groups, and the observation group was treated with scraping, acupuncture, cupping, constitution care and popularization of constitution science for "heterozygous treatment" based on the control group. 70 days later, "constitution classification and determination table of traditional Chinese medicine" was used to determine, and statistics was applied to analyze the change of the symptoms of the two groups before and after the intervention. Results: in the observation group, compared to before the intervention, symptoms like dirty and oily complexion, yellow greasy tongue, bitter taste, dullness and scanty dark urine were significantly improved (P < 0.05), and improvement of the above symptoms was greater than the control group (P < 0.05) .Conclusion: There is no significant difference between the two groups (P > 0.05). Conclusion: the "heterozygous treatment" method can significantly improve the clinical symptoms of people with damp-heat constitution, with a better role in regulating.

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A COMPARATIVE EVALUATION OF THE NUMBER OF STREPTOCOCCUS MUTANS COLONIES IN THE ENAMEL SURFACE OF TEETH AFTER THE APPLICATION OF CPP-ACP CONTAINING PROPOLIS AND CPP-ACP WITHOUT PROPOLIS

International Journal of Applied Pharmaceutics ◽

10.22159/ijap.2020.v12s2.pp-25 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 69-72

Author(s):

RISQA RINA DARWITA ◽

KEVIN SETIJONO ◽

FADHILAH ALMASYHUR ◽

PETER ANDREAS ◽

ARIADNA A. DJAIS

Keyword(s):

Streptococcus Mutans ◽

Intervention Group ◽

White Spot ◽

Control Group ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Before And After ◽

Kappa Value ◽

Alternative Material ◽

Quasi Experimental ◽

And Control

Objective: This study was to determine the efficacy of CPP-ACP combined with propolis by evaluating the number of Streptococcus mutans colonies inthe enamel surfaces of children aged 7–9 years before and after the application of CPP-ACP containing propolis.Methods: A quasi-experimental pretest-posttest design with purposive sampling was used in this study, which was conducted on 32 students aged7–9 years who were divided into two groups that were intervention and control groups. Two young dentists examined the students, and their resultswere calibrated by a kappa value of 0.82. The number of S. mutans colonies was evaluated at baseline, and after a CPP-ACP propolis paste was appliedto white spot surfaces in the intervention group and CPP-ACP without propolis was applied to white spot surfaces of students in the control group inevery day for 4 weeks.Results: There was a significant decrease in the proportion of S. mutans colonies both of the intervention group (28%) and the control group (26%)(p<0.05). However, there was no significant difference in the effect of CPP-ACP propolis combination compared to CPP-ACP without propolis indecreasing the number of S. mutans colonies (p>0.05).Conclusion: This study confirmed that CPP-ACP containing propolis is not better than CPP-ACP without propolis in decreasing the number of S. mutanscolonies; however, the CPP-ACP propolis combination has the potential to be used as an alternative material to prevent demineralization and improveremineralization of white spots in enamel surfaces.

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Improving nurses’ knowledge, attitude, and performance in relation to ethical codes through group reflection strategy

BMC Nursing ◽

10.1186/s12912-021-00749-2 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 20 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Marzieh Momennasab ◽

Marjan Ghanbari ◽

Mozhgan Rivaz

Keyword(s):

Intervention Group ◽

Control Group ◽

Control Groups ◽

Ethical Codes ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Before And After ◽

The Mean ◽

And Performance ◽

And Control ◽

Nurses Knowledge

Abstract Background The most basic responsibility of nurses that even precedes their therapeutic role is respect for professional ethics in providing clinical care. The present study was conducted to determine the effect of group reflection on the knowledge, attitude and performance of nurses in relation to ethical codes. Methods The present blinded, before-after, educational trial was conducted on 86 nurses working at a general hospital in the south of Iran who were randomly divided into a intervention (n = 44) and a control (n = 42) group. Data were collected before and after the intervention using three tools, including a knowledge test, an attitude rating scale and a performance questionnaire. In the intervention group, the intervention given consisted of four sessions of group reflection, and the control group received a single lecture on ethical codes. Results The mean changes in the nurses’ score of knowledge after the intervention compared to before differed significantly in both intervention and control groups (P < 0.001), but there was no significant difference between the two groups in terms of the mean changes in the score of knowledge (2.73 ± 3.45 in intervention group vs. 2.57 ± 3.36 in control group, P = 0.83). Although the mean score of attitude differed significantly between the intervention and control groups in the posttest (34.7 ± 8.44 in intervention group vs. 29.95 ± 9.09 in control group, P < 0.014), the two groups were not significantly different in terms of the mean changes in the score of attitude in relation to ethical codes before and after the intervention (P < 0.14). Moreover, the two groups were significantly different in terms of the mean changes in the scores of performance in the two stages (9.07 ± 16.84 in intervention group vs. 0.67 ± 20.01 in control group, P < 0.001). Conclusion Group reflection can improve the knowledge, attitude and performance of nurses in relation to ethical codes. Although lectures can help improve nurses’ knowledge and attitude in this area, they have no significant effects on their performance. Trial registration Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials (No: IRCT2016070317546N6, registration date: 10 October 2016), https://www.irct.ir/trial/16112

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THOUGHT STOPPING ENHANCING SELF-ESTEEM OF PEOPLE WITH SCHIZOPHRENIA

Journal of Vocational Nursing ◽

10.20473/jovin.v1i1.19907 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

pp. 44

Author(s):

Sulastri , ◽

Andi Thahir ◽

Rohayati ,

Keyword(s):

Negative Symptoms ◽

Intervention Group ◽

Total Sample ◽

Self Esteem ◽

Bivariate Analysis ◽

Control Group ◽

P Value ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Before And After ◽

And Control

Introduction: A person who has low self-esteem sees the environment in a negative way and considers it a threat. Schizophrenias patients with negative symptoms generally show a feeling of inferiority, this condition is a problem because of the cause of other problems, such as social isolation. The purpose of this research was to analyze the effect of giving thought stopping to self-esteem people with schizophrenia. Methods : This research uses quantitative approach the method used was the experimental design of pretest-posttest with control design. The population is the patient who was treated at the Custody. Sampling method in this research is by purposive sampling. Total sample is 90 respondents, divided into two groups, Intervention group 30 and control group 60 respondents. Measurement of data with client's self-esteem observation sheets before and after therapy. Results : The result of bivariate analysis was done using t-test obtained by p-value <0,005. There is a significant difference in patient self-esteem in the control group and intervention group after thought stopping. Conclusion: These results suggest there is influence of thought stopping with patient self esteem. Sex, length of illness and treatment history are not confounding factors. It is recommended to use thought stopping as one of the actions of nursing, especially on clients with self esteem problems.

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The Effect of Emotional Freedom Techniques Therapy towards Learning Concentration Level of Students

Indonesian Journal of Health Research ◽

10.32805/ijhr.2018.1.2.12 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 1 (2) ◽

pp. 66-73

Author(s):

Ni Komang Matalia Gandari ◽

I Gusti Ngurah Arya Sentana

Keyword(s):

Concentration Level ◽

Intervention Group ◽

Individual Learning ◽

Control Group ◽

Background Concentration ◽

Control Groups ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Before And After ◽

Emotional Freedom Techniques ◽

And Control

Background. Concentration can determine individual learning achievement. Concentration can be enhanced by implementing Emotional Freedom Techniques (EFT) therapy method, because EFT can increase the learning concentration by stimulating the limbic system. The study aimed at identifying the effect of Emotional Freedom Techniques (EFT) Therapy on Student Learning Concentration. Methods. The research method used in this study was quasi experimental design with the untreated control group design with dependent pre-test and post-test samples. The number of samples in the study was 30 respondents, divided into intervention and control groups using non-probability sampling technique of purposive sampling. The intervention group was given EFT within 30 minutes, three times, and for two weeks. Before and after intervention, the level of learning concentration was measured by using a psychological scale. Data analysis used in this study was t-test. Results. The results showed that there was a significant differences between learning concentration level before and after being implemented EFT intervention (p<0.05) and there was a significant difference in the concentration of learning after being given the intervention between the experimental and control groups (p<0.05). Conclusion. It could be concluded that EFT can improve the concentration of individual learning especially adolescents. The use of EFT is supported by empirical evidence, using simple techniques, easy to be conducted by anyone, and gives no side effects.

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Pengaruh Terapi Murottal Al Qur�an terhadap Kualitas Tidur Lansia di Unit Rehabilitasi Sosial Dewanata Cilacap

Jurnal Keperawatan Soedirman ◽

10.20884/1.jks.2016.11.3.710 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 11 (3) ◽

pp. 168

Author(s):

Sasongko Priyo Dwi Oktora ◽

Iwan Purnawan

Keyword(s):

Intervention Group ◽

Simple Random Sampling ◽

Control Group ◽

P Value ◽

Quality Of Sleep ◽

Exclusion Criteria ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Before And After ◽

And Control

One of Elderly problems is a bad quality of sleep. Sircadian Rhythme change in elderly is caused by the decreation of serotonin production. The murottal Al Qur’an Therapy use a rhythmical and harmonious melody so that it can stimulates serotonin productions. So it is one of therapy that probably solve elderly bad quality of sleep. The study aim to identify the effect of murottal Al Qur’an therapy on elderly quality of sleep. This study used quasi experiment design. Simple random sampling applied to 40 respondents that divided into two groups, intervention and control group. Quality of sleep was measured with PSQI. Inclusion criteria were good hearing respondent, 60 till 80 years old, and wanted to follow this research. Exclusion criteria were mental health diseae, smooking and used sleep medications.Statistic analysis with paired t test showed that there was a significant difference between before and after gived murottal Al Qur’an therapy in intervention group (p value = 0,000 : α = 5%). But the other side there was no significant difference between before and after observation in control group (p value = 0,083).. It conclouded Murottal Al Qur’an therapy is effective to increase eldery quality of sleep.

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The Effect of Reflexology on Lactation in Women Who Had Cesarean Section: A Randomized Controlled Pilot Study

Complementary Medicine Research ◽

10.1159/000513924 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-8

Author(s):

Sevde Aksu ◽

Pelin Palas Karaca

Keyword(s):

Pilot Study ◽

Cesarean Section ◽

Intervention Group ◽

Control Group ◽

Breast Pain ◽

Randomized Controlled ◽

Significant Difference ◽

The Right ◽

Documentation Tool ◽

And Control

Aim: The research was conducted as a randomized controlled pilot study to evaluate the effects of reflexology on lactation in mothers who delivered by cesarean section (CS). Methods: A single-blind randomized controlled experimental study was conducted with a total of 60 postpartum women in the reflexology application (n = 30) and control groups (n = 30). After the CS, the mothers in the control group were given approximately 3-h routine nursing care after recovering from the effects of anesthesia; the introductory information form was applied, and the Breastfeeding Charting System and Documentation Tool (LATCH) and visual analog scale (VAS) for the signs of the onset of lactation were implemented on the first and second days. Reflexology was applied to the women in the intervention group after an average of 3 h following the mother’s condition had become stable and she had recovered from the effects of anesthesia. Reflexology was applied a total of 20 min – 10 min for the right foot, 10 min for the left foot – twice a day with 8-h intervals on the first and second days after CS. After the last reflexology application, the LATCH and VAS for the signs of the onset of lactation were applied. Results: Of the women, 70% breastfed their babies within 60 min after delivery; 46.7% of the mothers received breastfeeding training and 81.7% needed support for breastfeeding after the CS. The LATCH breastfeeding scores of the women in the intervention group on both days were significantly higher compared to those of the women in the control group (p < 0.001). On the first day after the CS, apart from breast pain, there was no significant difference between the two groups in terms of breast heat and breast tension (p > 0.05). On the second day after the CS, apart from breast tension, there was no significant difference between the groups in terms of breast heat and breast pain (p < 0.05). In the study, women in the intervention group were found to have higher scores in terms of all three symptoms compared to the control group (p < 0.05). Conclusions: In the study, it was determined that LATCH scores and signs of the onset of breastfeeding increased in the mothers who received reflexology after CS.

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Toe Clearance Rehabilitative Slippers for Older Adults With Fall Risk: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Geriatric Orthopaedic Surgery & Rehabilitation ◽

10.1177/21514593211029102 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 ◽

pp. 215145932110291

Author(s):

Atsuko Satoh ◽

Yukoh Kudoh ◽

Sangun Lee ◽

Masumi Saitoh ◽

Miwa Miura ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Fall Risk ◽

Controlled Trial ◽

Intervention Group ◽

Berg Balance Scale ◽

Control Group ◽

Mobility Assessment ◽

Before And After ◽

Day Services ◽

And Control

Introduction: To evaluate fall-prevention rehabilitative slippers for use by self-caring, independent older adults. Materials and Methods: This assessor-blinded, randomized, and controlled 1-year study included 59 self-caring, independent participants (49 women) who attended day services. The mean age of participants was 84.0 ± 5.3 years. Participants were randomly selected from 8 nursing homes. We tested slippers top-weighted with a lead bead (200, 300, or 400 g). Intervention group participants walked while wearing the slippers for 10-20 min, 1-3 days/week at the day service center. Fall risk was measured using the Berg Balance Scale and the Tinetti Performance-Oriented Mobility Assessment (POMA) before and at 3-month intervals after the intervention/control phase. Results: After 12 months, the intervention group demonstrated significant improvement. Berg Balance and POMA compared to the control group ( p < .05 p < .01, respectively). Mobility scores improved significantly for both measurements in the intervention group before and after ( p < .01), but the control group had significantly lower scores. Discussion: Overall, falls decreased in the intervention group from 10 to 7, and control group falls increased from 9 to 16 ( p = .02). No adverse events related to the intervention were reported. Conclusions: Rehabilitation training slippers may reduce falls in older adults.

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