scholarly journals Improved hormonal and oxidative changes by Royal Jelly in the rat model of PCOS: An experimental study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatemeh Khazaei ◽  
Elham Ghanbari ◽  
Mozafar Khazaei
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Rat Model ◽  
Royal Jelly ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Ovarian Tissue ◽  
Sex Hormone ◽  
Frap Assay ◽  
Antioxidant Power ◽  
Female Wistar Rats ◽  
Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power

Background: Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is an endocrine and complex metabolic disorder, associated with anovulation, changes in sex hormone, biochemical factors, and ovarian tissue. Royal Jelly (RJ) has antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Objective: To examine the therapeutic effect of RJ on PCOS-related hormonal and biochemical changes in a rat model of PCOS. Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, 42 female Wistar rats (weighing 180–200 gr, aged 10–12 wk) were divided into six groups (n = 7/each): control; PCOS; RJ 100 mg/kg; RJ 200 mg/kg; PCOS + RJ 100 mg/kg; and PCOS + RJ 200 mg/kg. After 21 days, the animals were weighed and dissected. The serums were used for nitric oxide (NO) and ferric-reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assay and estradiol and progesterone measurements. The ovaries were assessed for histological changes. Results: PCOS increased estradiol and NO levels, and decreased progesterone and FRAP levels. In PCOS + RJ groups, the progesterone (p = 0.01) and FRAP levels (p ≤ 0.001) increased and the estradiol and NO (p ≤ 0.001) levels decreased significantly. Moreover, the number of mature follicles (p = 0.01) and corpus luteum increased (p ≤ 0.001), and ovarian and uterus weight deceased significantly (p ≤ 0.001). Conclusion: RJ improved estradiol, progesterone, FRAP, and NO levels, and ovarian structure in the rat model of PCOS. Key words: Royal Jelly, Polycystic ovary syndrome, Ovary, Sex hormone.

scholarly journals COMPARISION OF ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF ACTINIDIA DELICIOSA AND PSIDIUM GUAJAVA USING FERRIC REDUCING ANTIOXIDANT POWER ASSAY METHOD

2020 ◽  
pp. 175-178
Author(s):  
CAROLINE JEBA R ◽  
INDHUJA D
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Psidium Guajava ◽  
Actinidia Deliciosa ◽  
Assay Method ◽  
Frap Assay ◽  
Antioxidant Power ◽  
Hot Air ◽  
Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power ◽  
Dried Extract

Objectives: Antioxidant activity was studied in naturally dried seed extract and hot air oven dried extract of Actinidia deliciosa and Psidium guajava using ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assay method. Methods: The dried powdered seed of A. deliciosa and P. guajava 10 g was dissolved in 100 ml of ethanol in four different conical flasks S1 (for naturaly dried seeds of A. deliciosa), S2 (for hot air oven-dried seeds of A. deliciosa), S3 (for naturally dried seeds of P. guajava), and S4 (for hot air oven-dried seeds of P. guajava). The extract was carried out in shaker at 120 rpm for 72 h at room temperature by mild shaking. The extract was taken out and centrifuged at 4000 rpm for 10 min, the supernatant was taken out. The supernatant was placed in a water bath at 95°C for the solvent to evaporate and stored at room temperature. Results: According to the FRAP results, P. guajava which was naturally dried and extracted has shown the highest antioxidant activity (sample 3) then followed by the samples S4, S1, and S2. The least activity is observed in the sample (S2). Conclusion: By comparing the antioxidant activity between the A. deliciosa and P. guajava with the help of FRAP assay results, P. guajava has the highest amount of vitamin C (responsible for antioxidant activity) when compared to that of the A. deliciosa.

scholarly journals Mycorrhizal fungi and microalgae modulate antioxidant capacity of basil plants

2018 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marieta Hristozkova ◽  
Liliana Gigova ◽  
Maria Geneva ◽  
Ira Stancheva ◽  
Ivanina Vasileva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Green Algae ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Enzymatic Antioxidants ◽  
Frap Assay ◽  
Antioxidant Power ◽  
Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Mycorrhizal fungi, algae and cyanobacteria are some of the most important soil microorganisms and major components of a sustainable soil-plant system. This study presents for the first time evidence of the impact of green alga and cyanobacterium solely and in combination with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) on plant-antioxidant capacity. In order to provide a better understanding of the impact of AMF and soil microalgae on Ocimum basilicum L. performance, changes in the pattern and activity of the main antioxidant enzymes (AOEs), esterases and non-enzymatic antioxidants including phenols, flavonoids, ascorbate, and α-tocopherols were evaluated. The targeted inoculation of O. basilicum with AMF or algae (alone and in combination) enhanced the antioxidant capacity of the plants and the degree of stimulation varied depending on the treatment. Plants in symbiosis with AMF exhibited the highest antioxidant potential as was indicated by the enhanced functions of all studied leaf AOEs: 1.5-, 2- and more than 10-fold rises of superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione-S-transferase (GST) and glutathione reductase (GR), respectively. The greatest increase in the total esterase activity and concentration of phenols, flavonoids and ascorbate was marked in the plants with simultaneous inoculation of mycorrhizal fungi and the green algae. 2,2-diphenyl-1-pycril-hydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging method and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assay proved the increased plant antioxidant capacity after co-colonization of green algae and mycorrhizae.

scholarly journals Cocoa Shell as a Step Forward to Functional Chocolates—Bioactive Components in Chocolates with Different Composition

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (22) ◽  
pp. 5470
Author(s):  
Veronika Barišić ◽  
Milica Cvijetić Stokanović ◽  
Ivana Flanjak ◽  
Kristina Doko ◽  
Antun Jozinović ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Functional Food ◽  
Bioactive Components ◽  
Nutritional Properties ◽  
Frap Assay ◽  
Total Polyphenol ◽  
Antioxidant Power ◽  
Cocoa Butter Equivalents ◽  
Dairy Ingredients ◽  
Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power ◽  
Cocoa Shell

Chocolate is considered as both caloric and functional food. Its nutritional properties may be improved by addition of fiber; however, this may reduce polyphenols content. The aim of this research was to determine the influence of cocoa shell addition (as a source of fiber) and its combination with different ingredients (cocoa butter equivalents (CBE), emulsifiers, dairy ingredients) on polyphenols of dark and milk chocolates. Total polyphenol (TPC) and total flavonoid (TFC) contents were determined spectrophotometrically, identification and quantification of individual compounds by high pressure liquid chromatography and antioxidant capacity by ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assay. Results showed that even though addition of cocoa shell to chocolate results in reduced contents of TPC, TFC, and individual compounds, it is not significant compared to ones reported by other authors for commercial chocolates. Other ingredients influence determined values for all investigated parameters; however, additional research is needed to reveal exact mechanisms and implications.

scholarly journals Approach to Optimization of FRAP Methodology for Studies Based on Selected Monoterpenes

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (22) ◽  
pp. 5267
Author(s):  
Karolina A. Wojtunik-Kulesza
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activities ◽  
Tween 20 ◽  
Plant Metabolites ◽  
Frap Assay ◽  
Antioxidant Power ◽  
Secondary Plant Metabolites ◽  
Reduction Activity ◽  
High Volatility ◽  
Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power ◽  
Analgesic Activities

Terpenes, wide-spread secondary plant metabolites, constitute important parts of many natural compounds that hold various biological activities, including antioxidant, calming, antiviral, and analgesic activities. Due to their high volatility and low solubility in water, studies of compounds based on terpenes are difficult, and methodologies must be adjusted to their specific characteristics. Considering the significant influence of iron ions on dementia development, the activity of terpenes in reducing Fe3+ represents an important area to be determined. Previously obtained results were unreliable because ferric-reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) methodology was not adjusted regarding studying terpenes. Taking this fact into account, the aim of this study was to optimize the method for monoterpene assessment. The study included three modifications, namely, (1) slightly adjusting the entire FRAP procedure, (2) replacing methanol with other solvents (heptane, butanone, or ethyl acetate), and (3) adding Tween 20. Additionally, a thin layer chromatography (TLC) -FRAP assay was performed. The obtained results revealed significant improvement in the reduction activity of selected terpenes (linalool, α-phellandrene, and α-terpinene) in studies with Tween 20, whereas replacing methanol with other solvents did not show the expected effects.

scholarly journals Improvement of Stability and Transdermal Delivery of Bioactive Compounds in Green Robusta Coffee Beans Extract Loaded Nanostructured Lipid Carriers

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nichcha Nitthikan ◽  
Pimporn Leelapornpisid ◽  
Surapol Natakankitkul ◽  
Wantida Chaiyana ◽  
Monika Mueller ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chlorogenic Acid ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Chorioallantoic Membrane ◽  
Nanostructured Lipid Carriers ◽  
Frap Assay ◽  
Antioxidant Power ◽  
Robusta Coffee ◽  
Coffee Beans ◽  
Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power ◽  
Lipid Peroxidation Inhibition

The aim of this study was to develop green robusta coffee beans extract loaded nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs) for enhancing dermal application and its efficiency. The green robusta coffee beans extract cultivated in Chumphon (CP) exhibited the highest antioxidant activity in the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging assay with IC50 of 34.1 ± 0.9 µg/ml, lipid peroxidation inhibition with percentage inhibition of 38.8 ± 1.7, and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assay with a FRAP value of 234.5 ± 12.3 mM FeSO4/g. The extract contained caffeine, chlorogenic acid, and caffeic acid as major compounds. The anti-inflammatory test indicated that CP could decrease the secretion of IL-6 in macrophage cells and caused no irritation to blood vessels on the irritation test by hen’s egg test chorioallantoic membrane (HET-CAM) assay. The particle size of CP-loaded NLCs was 158.1 ± 0.2 nm with a narrow polydispersity index and showed no noticeable difference after the stability test. Entrapment efficacy of CP-loaded NLCs was found to be over 60%. Caffeine and chlorogenic acid in CP-loaded NLCs were released sustainably and penetrated deeper into the skin than the extract in a conventional emulsion. In conclusion, the CP-loaded NLCs can be further used in cosmetics for dermal applications due to good efficacy and safety.

scholarly journals Radical Scavenging and Antioxidant Activities of Essential Oil Components – An Experimental and Computational Investigation

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1501000 ◽  
Author(s):  
Farukh S. Sharopov ◽  
Michael Wink ◽  
William N. Setzer
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Electronic Properties ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Dpph Radical ◽  
Frap Assay ◽  
Antioxidant Power ◽  
Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power ◽  
Oil Components ◽  
Dpph Radical Scavenging

The antioxidant activities of eighteen different essential oil components have been determined using the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical-scavenging assay, the 2,2 ’-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid (ABTS) radical cation assay, and the ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assay. The phenolic compounds, carvacrol, thymol, and eugenol, showed the best antioxidant activities, while camphor, menthol, and menthone were the least active. The structural and electronic properties of the essential oil components were assessed using density functional theory (DFT) at the B3LYP/6-311++G** level. Correlations between calculated electronic properties and antioxidant activities were generally poor, but bond-dissociation energies (BDEs) seem to correlate with DPPH radical-scavenging activities, and the ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assay correlated with vertical ionization potentials calculated at the Hartree-Fock/6-311++G** level.

scholarly journals Improved Antioxidant, Anti-inflammatory, and Anti-adipogenic Properties of Hydroponic Ginseng Fermented by Leuconostoc mesenteroides KCCM 12010P

Molecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (18) ◽  
pp. 3359 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ji Eun Hwang ◽  
Kee-Tae Kim ◽  
Hyun-Dong Paik
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Leuconostoc Mesenteroides ◽  
Raw 264.7 Cells ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Oxide Content ◽  
Frap Assay ◽  
Antioxidant Power ◽  
Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Factor Α

Hydroponic ginseng (HPG) has been known to have various bio-functionalities, including an antioxidant effect. Recently, fermentation by lactic acid bacteria has been studied to enhance bio-functional activities in plants by biologically converting their chemical compounds. HPG roots and shoots were fermented with Leuconostoc mesenteroides KCCM 12010P isolated from kimchi. The total phenolic compounds, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-adipogenic effects of these fermented samples were evaluated in comparison with non-fermented samples (control). During 24 h fermentation of HPG roots and shoots, the viable number of cells increased to 7.50 Log colony forming unit (CFU)/mL. Total phenolic and flavonoid contents of the fermented HPG roots increased by 107.19% and 645.59%, respectively, compared to non-fermented HPG roots. The antioxidant activity of fermented HPG, as assessed by 2,2′-azino-bis-3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS), β-carotene-linoleic, and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assay, was also significantly enhanced. In an anti-inflammatory effect of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells, the nitric oxide content and the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), and interleukin-6 (IL-6) decreased when treated with fermented samples. Simultaneously, lipid accumulation in 3T3-L1 adipocyte was reduced when treated with fermented HPG. Fermentation by L. mesenteroides showed improved antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-adipogenic HPG effects. These results show that fermented HPG has potential for applications in the functional food industry.

scholarly journals IMPROVEMENT OF ORGANIC RED PIGMENT PRODCUTION BY MONASCUS PURPUREUS TISTR3651 USING PATHUMTHANI-1 RICE-BASED MEDIUM IN SUBMERGED AND SOLID-STATE FERMENTATION

2021 ◽  
pp. 47-50
Author(s):  
SURACHAI TECHAOEI ◽  
KHEMJIRA JARMKOM ◽  
THISAKORN DUMRONGPHUTTIDACHA ◽  
WARACHATE KHOBJAI
Keyword(s):  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Monascus Purpureus ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Red Pigment ◽  
Frap Assay ◽  
Antioxidant Power ◽  
Monascus Pigments ◽  
Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power

Objective: This research is to study the production of natural red pigment by Monascus purpureus TISTR3615 in the submerged and solid-statefermentation system using Pathumthani-1 rice as a carbon source.Methods: The antioxidant activity of the red pigment was evaluated in vitro 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), ABTS radical scavenging assay,and ferric-reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assay, including total phenolic compound.Results and Discussion: The maximum of red pigment production was 0.55±0.02/ml (OD 680 nm) after incubation at 30°C for 24 days. Theantioxidant activity based on inhibition DPPH (%), ABTS radical scavenging activity (%), and FRAP activity (mM Fe2+/g) was 97.80±1.51,68.64±0.46, and 0.32±0.021, respectively. The total phenolic content was 164.78±2.82 μg GAE/mg.Conclusion: It was estimated that Monascus pigments, leading to nutraceutical and pharmaceutical applications, cosmetic industry, and foodindustry.

scholarly journals Effect of N-Amide Substitution on Antioxidative Activities of Melatonin Derivatives

2020 ◽  
Vol 88 (1) ◽  
pp. 3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Panyada Panyatip ◽  
Nutjaree Pratheepawanit Johns ◽  
Aroonsri Priprem ◽  
Kouichi Nakagawa ◽  
Ploenthip Puthongking
Keyword(s):  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Parent Compound ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Disodium Salt ◽  
Peroxyl Radicals ◽  
Frap Assay ◽  
Antioxidant Power ◽  
Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power

Five N-amide substituted melatonin (MLT) derivatives were synthesized and evaluated for antioxidative activities, and compounds 9–12 showed higher electron spin resonance (ESR) response than MLT. 4-Bromobenzoyl and naphthoyl derivatives (10 and 11) presented stronger hydroxyl radical inhibitory effect than MLT in Fenton reaction. The substitution at the N1-position on the MLT core structure with acetyl (8), benzoyl (9), 4-bromobenzoyl (10), and naphthoyl (11) and N2-substitution with 4-bromobenzoyl (12) decreased the reducing power of the derivatives in ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assay. Compounds 8–11 also presented lower antioxidant capacity than their parent compound in 2,2′-azinobis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) disodium salt (ABTS) assay; whereas, compound 12 presented radical scavenging activity similarly to MLT. All aryl derivatives (9–12) showed higher ability to quench peroxyl radicals than MLT about three times, especially the benzoylated derivatives (9 and 10) that presented the highest ability in oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) assay.

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