scholarly journals Exploration of Northern Commercial Fishing Area Resources and Sustainable Use Challenges and Ways to Resolve them

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vsevolod Shchetinskiy ◽  
Boris Petrov
Keyword(s):  
Consumer Demand ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Sustainable Use ◽  
Commercial Fishing ◽  
Fishing Industry ◽  
North West ◽  
The North ◽  
Murmansk Region ◽  
Underutilized Species ◽  
Fishing Area

The present article is based on the review of the current patent, scientific and technical sources. It indicates the main challenges of fishing industry in the North-West Russia with the Murmansk Region taken as an example. The basic fishing techniques, being employed by the local fishing companies, are considered. The article defines the main challenges of the Northern commercial fishing area resources exploration and sustainable use. It substantiates the necessity to increase the share of fishing tools with better selectivity. It is concluded that the raw-materials supply crisis is likely to set in the fish processing industry. The article analyses the existing methods of processing applied to the underutilized fishing grounds. It reveals a correlation between the intensiveness of research applied to specific fishing grounds and the consumer demand availability and scope. It is concluded that predominantly research is made with regard to the use of underutilized species for production of dietary supplements and components which alter some food properties. The article substantiates the necessity to use the non-conventional hydrobiont species for food production, based on the consumer demand data. A study of the main standards has been performed with regard to regulation of the hydrobiont catching issues. The article reviews the underutilized species of the Northern commercial fishing area which are most prospective from the production and processing point of view. It concludes with the prospects of the proposed option for the fishing industry development and its probable impact on the development of coastal infrastructure and of the whole region.

Recent Trends of Desertification in the Maowusu Desert, China

1983 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 213-224 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shiu-Hung Luk
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Land Use Changes ◽  
Shaanxi Province ◽  
Contributory Factor ◽  
Major Step ◽  
North West ◽  
The North ◽  
Land Use Policies ◽  
The Impact

In the Maowusu Desert—which in the south-east encompasses part of the Yulin Region, Shaanxi Province, and in the north-west the Ih Ju League, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region—desertification trends in relation to the impact of droughts and land-use changes were investigated. Data derived from Earth resources technology satellites (LANDSAT I and LANDSAT II, 1974–1978), and Chinese documentary sources, were used for the analysis. It was found that desert ‘expansion’ occurred during 1953–76, but the rates of expansion varied over time and space, relatively rapid desertification being observed for 1959–63 and 1971–76. The bulk of the expansion was located in the more arid Ih Ju League. The mean annual rate of areal expansion was 6.4% during 1958–71. By comparing the desertification rates with precipitation and land-use information, it was established that droughts have only accentuated the desertification process. The primary cause of desert expansion is the excessive clearing of land for rain-fed agriculture as well, of course, as overgrazing. Another contributory factor was culling of vegetation for fuel and raw materials for handicraft industries.Efforts have been expended on desert control since the mid-1950s, resulting in the arresting of desertification in some local areas. The individual success stories demonstrate that, with mass participation, effective desert control can be achieved by using low-level technology. However, the Chinese programme of desert control was not conceived as a comprehensive programme. Control activities relied almost exclusively on vegetational methods, and they were seldom coordinated with land-use policies as well as with the planning of energy supplies. The negligence of the fundamental conflict between expanding agricultural activities and desert control has led to a net desert expansion in the last 30 years. Recognition of this fundamental conflict and implementation of mitigative land-use policies, would be a major step towards resolving the desertification problem in the Maowusu Desert.

scholarly journals Eco-legal and economic aspects of developing Malomorsky fishing area of Lake Baikal

Fisheries ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (1) ◽  
pp. 20-26
Author(s):  
Alexander Sukhodolov ◽  
Andrei Fedotov ◽  
Mikhail Makarov ◽  
Pavel Anoshko ◽  
Alina Kolesnikova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lake Baikal ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Water Reservoir ◽  
Economic Assessment ◽  
Fish Stock ◽  
Commercial Fishing ◽  
Fishing Industry ◽  
World Heritage List ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
Fishing Area

Lake Baikal is the largest fresh water reservoir of our planet and a unique natural site included in the UNESCO World Heritage List. Meanwhile, Baikal is not only Russia’s largest freshwater fishing reservoir. Large-scale commercial fishing started here at the beginning of the 19th century and, with small breaks caused by bans imposed on industrial fishing due to depletion of valuable commercial fishery species stock, continued until October 2017, when once again restrictions in the fishing industry were imposed. One of the reasons for this was the increasing of the illegal unreported and unregulated fishing which led to depletion of harvestable stock of omul. However, these restrictions neither eliminated extensive unreported fishing, nor solved the problem of rapid fish stock rebuilding in the unique lake. Using methods of mathematical analysis and modeling this article examines factors facilitating breach of law in the fishing industry and unreported fishing for Baikal omul. The article provides a brief characteristic of the Baikal oldest Malomorsky fishing area as well as an eco-economic assessment of the possibility to rebuild the fishing stock within this water zone taking into account the increasing tourist flow in the Baikal region.

scholarly journals Modelling of the Chemical Halo of Dust Pollution Migration in Loparite Ore Tailings Storage Facilities

Minerals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 1077
Author(s):  
Eugenia Krasavtseva ◽  
Victoria Maksimova ◽  
Dmitriy Makarov ◽  
Eugeniy Potorochin
Keyword(s):  
Maximum Permissible Concentration ◽  
Rare Metal ◽  
Meteorological Conditions ◽  
Storage Site ◽  
Dust Pollution ◽  
North West ◽  
The North ◽  
Geotechnical Characteristics ◽  
Murmansk Region ◽  
Ore Dressing

The article presents a study of the environmental impact of dusting tailing dumps of rare-metal ore dressing in the Murmansk region of Russia. The purpose of the study was to establish patterns in the atmochemical halo migration of the dust pollution of loparite ore dressing tailings. The geotechnical characteristics and material composition of the tailings material have been investigated. Potentially dusty areas identified. Models of dispersion of inorganic dust under different meteorological scenarios are constructed: at low wind load, normal and unfavorable meteorological conditions. The modeling of the spread of pollutants in the area exposed to dust at the storage site was carried out in the program for modeling atmospheric pollution Ecolog-4.60. Calculation of the dispersion of inorganic dust containing 20–70% SiO2 showed that the atmochemical halo of tailings dust pollution spreads over tens of kilometers, and already at a wind speed of about 8 m/s, the concentration of suspended solids at the border of the enterprise sanitary protection zone exceeds the maximum one-time maximum permissible concentration is 3–3.3 times, and under unfavorable meteorological conditions—Dusting reaches the boundaries of the residential area (inhabited locality Revda), located in the north-west of the enterprise, and exceeds the MPCm.o. 1.5 times.

Transnational planning

2021 ◽  
pp. 85-108
Author(s):  
Jens Steffek
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
German Economy ◽  
Public Works ◽  
European Continent ◽  
North West ◽  
Avant Garde ◽  
The North ◽  
International Theory ◽  
The One ◽  
Global Economic Governance

This chapter is dedicated to non-liberal varieties of technocratic internationalism. The focus is on two largely forgotten authors who represent technocratic internationalism in the fascist and socialist context. I first consider the international theory of Giuseppe De Michelis, a Geneva-based Italian diplomat who developed a fascist approach to international cooperation. What he proposed in the early 1930s was a system of global economic governance coordinated by a powerful international organization. Projecting Italian corporativism to the international level, De Michelis envisaged a global scheme to allocate capital, labour, and raw materials, with a united ‘Eurafrica’ as avant-garde. The second part of the chapter considers the work of Francis Delaisi, a French political economist and journalist of the same generation. Delaisi was a syndicalist who late in his life came to sympathize with the way the Nazis re-organized the German economy. He was the author of the so-called ‘Delaisi plan’, a scheme of transnational public works intended to unite the European continent. The idea behind this plan, presented in 1931, was to bring together the ‘two Europes’ that he found to co-exist on the same continent: the industrial core in the North-West on the one hand and the far less developed areas in Eastern and Southern Europe on the other.

Sinterability and Expansion Property of Ceramsite Made with Lead-Zinc Mine Tailings

2014 ◽  
Vol 551 ◽  
pp. 23-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dong Wang ◽  
Jin Lou Huang ◽  
Hong Tao Peng ◽  
Jing Lu Huang
Keyword(s):  
Mine Tailings ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Southern China ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Clay Material ◽  
North West ◽  
The North ◽  
Expansion Property ◽  
Lead Zinc ◽  
Zinc Mine

Lead-zinc mine tailings were used to produce ceramsite by sintering method to reduce their environmental impact. The properties of tailings from Beishan Lead-zinc mine located at the north-west of Guangxi Province in southern China have been studied. The sinterability and expansion property of the main raw materials was studied during the controlled trial burn tests. The results show that lead-zinc mine tailings are not suitable for making ceramsite alone, and should be added with the clay material. The sintering temperature has a significant influence on expansion property. The optimum firing temperature to make ceramsite is from 1140 °C to 1150 °C according to the apparent density index, and the heavy metals are properly stabilized in ceramsite. It is a viable approach for making ceramsite with lead-zinc mine tailings and clay.

scholarly journals Enterovirus infection morbidity and peculiarities of nonpolio enteroviruses circulation on some territories of Russia in 2017

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 124-133 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. I. Romanenkova ◽  
L. N. Golitsyna ◽  
M. A. Bichurina ◽  
N. R. Rozaeva ◽  
O. I. Kanaeva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Komi Republic ◽  
Etiological Agent ◽  
Enterovirus Infection ◽  
Isolation And Identification ◽  
Saratov Region ◽  
Genome Region ◽  
North West ◽  
The North ◽  
Murmansk Region ◽  
Different Types

Aim: Characteristics of enterovirus infection morbidity and study of peculiarities of enterovirus circulation on some territories of Russia in 2017. Materials and methods: We investigated more than 5000 samples from the patients with enterovirus infection. The isolation and identification of enteroviruses were conducted by virological method and by partial sequencing of the genome region VP1. Phylogenic trees were constructed according to the method of Bayesian Monte Carlo Markov Chain. Results: Epidemic process and clinical picture of enterovirus infection were not the same on different territories. Peculiarities of the circulation of different types of enteroviruses on the territories were also different. In Saratov region 65% of cases were represented by enterovirus meningitis. In Murmansk region and in the Komi Republic enterovirus infection with exanthema prevailed, 95% and 60% correspondingly. In Saratov region enterovirus ECHO18 was the etiological agent of enterovirus meningitis. In Murmansk region and in the Komi Republic the cases were connected mainly with Coxsackieviruses A6. The strains of enterovirus ECHO18 were distributed to three clusters. The strains which provoked enterovirus meningitis in Saratov region belonged to cluster 3, they were formed separately from other strains of this enterovirus type and differed from the stains of ECHO18 which circulated in the North-West of Russia. The strains of Coxsackieviruses A6 identified in the North-West of Russia belonged to three sub-genotypes 5, 6, 8 of pandemic genotype of CoxsackievirusesA6. The majority of the strains belonged to sub-genotypes 6 and 8 which in 2017 dominated in the structure of Coxsackieviruses A6 in the North-West of Russia and in Russia. Conclusion: Epidemic peaks of enterovirus infection represented by different clinical forms of the disease were provoked by different types of enteroviruses. Enterovirus ECHO18 was the etiological agent of enterovirus meningitis. The main etiological factors of enterovirus infection with exanthema were Coxsackieviruses A6 of different sub-genotypes.

scholarly journals Use of activated peat for remediation of soils contaminated with petroleum products

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 160-171
Author(s):  
Ekaterina A. Adelfinskaya ◽  
Vladimir A. Myazin
Keyword(s):  
Germination Rate ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Petroleum Products ◽  
Oil Products ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
North West ◽  
The North ◽  
Test Culture ◽  
Murmansk Region ◽  
The Russian Federation

One of the most serious environmental problem in the Far North of the Russian Federation is the pollution of the territory by oil and oil products. Ecosystems of this region are extremely vulnerable, their remediation after anthropogenic impact, such as spill of fuels, can last for decades. This is the reason for necessity of the development of effective methods for cleaning and restoring oil-contaminated lands. As a result of undertaken laboratory study, the possibility of bioremediation of soils contaminated with oil products using activated peat as a sorbent and organic fertilizer was shown. Two weeks after the addition of activated peat, the content of petroleum hydrocarbons in the soil decreased by 22-47% due to dilution of pollution and improvement of air and nutrient regime. After reclamation, the germination rate of the seeds of a test culture increased by 1,6-3,7 times. The optimum amount of peat required for adding into contaminated sandy soil, depending on the degree of contamination, has also been established. Based on the studies, recommendations for the remediation of the contaminated area of 0.07 ha located in the north-west of the Murmansk region using peat and mineral fertilizers were developed.

GREAT VICTORY ECONOMY: ARCTIC INDUSTRY DURING THE 1941–1945 WAR

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 1115-1128
Author(s):  
S.S. Vopilovskiy ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Arctic Region ◽  
Energy System ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
North West ◽  
Industrial Enterprises ◽  
The North ◽  
Murmansk Region ◽  
Real Picture ◽  
The City ◽  
Great Victory

The study presents the activities of the leading industrial enterprises of the Russian Federation Arctic zone during the Great Patriotic War. The mechanism of restructuring civilian industrial enterprises of Murmansk on a war footing in difficult climatic, economic and psychological conditions of war is analyzed. The official documents that marked the beginning of the anti-Hitler coalition were examined. The social composition of the population of the Kola Peninsula has been determined. The heroic work of Murmansk residents at the main industrial enterprises of the city is presented. The role of executives is highlighted. The huge contribution of the key enterprises to achieving the Victory is estimated. The key economic indicators of the industrial enterprises’ activities showing the real picture of the economic situation at the industries in the difficult conditions of the Arctic hostilities are outlined. The labor activity of workers of the most important enterprises of the People’s Commissariat for Fishery of the USSR in the city of Murmansk in terms of their industrial importance: seaport, fishing port, shipyard, Kirov railway, Kola regional energy system is presented. It has been determined that these enterprises are still the main economy base of the Arctic region nowadays. The purpose of the study is to assess the Soviet control system in wartime period 1941-1945 for the defeat of Nazi Germany. The preservation and further development of the leading industrial enterprises of the city of Murmansk and the Murmansk region is substantiated. It is determined that the heroic labor of the northerners made a significant contribution to the approach of the Victory. Celebrating the 75th anniversary of the Great Victory of the Soviet people over the enemy, today’s Murmansk residents preserve the bright memory of all residents of the military Murmansk. Today Murmansk is the largest industrial center at the North-West of Russia.

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