scholarly journals Comparative Study of Insulin Resistance in Healthy young Adults with and without Family History of Diabetes Mellitus

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dr Sharana Basappa ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Family History ◽  
Comparative Study ◽  
Family History Of Diabetes ◽  
History Of

scholarly journals The prevalence of insulin resistance in patients with β -thalassemia major at Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital

2016 ◽  
Vol 43 (4) ◽  
pp. 117
Author(s):  
Caroline Mulawi ◽  
Bambang Tridjaja ◽  
Maria Abdulsalam ◽  
Zakiudin Munasir
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Family History ◽  
Glucose Metabolism ◽  
Thalassemia Major ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Family History Of Diabetes ◽  
History Of

Background Diabetes mellitus is a common complication in pa-tients with thalassemia major. Iron overload plays an important roleby damaging the pancreatic β-cell and the liver cell, with the con-sequences of insulin deficiency and insulin resistance. Family his-tory of diabetes mellitus is one of the critical factors for the devel-opment of glucose metabolism derangement. However, the patho-genesis of glucose metabolism derangement remains unclear.Objective To evaluate the prevalence of impaired glucose toler-ance, diabetes mellitus, and insulin resistance in patients with β-thalassemia major treated in the Thalassemia Outpatient Clinic,Department of Child Health, Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital,Jakarta.Methods This was a descriptive cross sectional study conductedin May 2002. Forty-eight subjects aged 10 to 18 years, grouped bytotal volume of transfusions and family history of diabetes mellitus,underwent an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), serum transfer-rin saturation, and insulin level examinations. Insulin resistancewas calculated from fasting plasma glucose and insulin concen-trations using the homeostasis model assessment (HOMA).Results One of 48 patients (2%) had impaired glucose toleranceat the age of 17 years. Diabetes mellitus occurred in three of 48patients (6%) at the age of 15.5 years in one patient and 18 yearsin two patients. Family history of diabetes mellitus was found in 2patients with diabetes mellitus and in the only one with impairedglucose tolerance. Insulin resistance was not detected in this study.Conclusion The prevalence of glucose metabolism derangementin patients with thalassemia major was low. No insulin resistancewas found in this study

scholarly journals A Possible Early Alteration of Autonomic Activity Assessed by Heart Rate Variability in Saudi Offspring of Type 2 Diabetic Patients

2011 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 17-23
Author(s):  
Daad H. Akbar ◽  
Maha A. Hegazi ◽  
Hanan A. Al Kadi ◽  
Maimona M. Ahmad
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Heart Rate Variability ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Family History ◽  
Family History Of Diabetes ◽  
History Of

Background and Objectives: To evaluate cardiac autonomic function in non-diabetic offspring of Type 2 diabetes mellitus patients through assessment of heart rate variability. Autonomic dysfunction was reported in glucose tolerant on insulin-resistant offspring of Type 2 diabetes mellitus subjects. No data is available on cardiac autonomic dysfunction in Saudi offspring of Type 2 diabetes mellitus. Subject and Methods: Ninety-seven subjects with family history and 30 subjects with no family history of diabetes mellitus as a control group were studied. Anthropometric and biochemical characteristics (fasting blood glucose, lipids, and insulin resistance) were measured. Heart rate variability parameters were recorded. Results: No significant differences in the anthropometric, biochemical or heart rate variability parameters between the group with positive family history of diabetes mellitus and the control group. Subjects with positive family history of diabetes mellitus were split into 2 groups as per the presence or absence of insulin resistance. Insignificantly, an increased sympathetic tone was seen in Type 2 diabetes mellitus offspring with insulin resistance as compared to those without it. Body mass index, waist circumference, waist to hip ratio, total cholesterol, triglyceride, and fasting insulin and fasting blood glucose were also significantly higher in the insulin resistance group. Conclusion: There was a high prevalence of insulin resistance among the young subjects with positive family history of diabetes. Thus, had an increased sympathetic activity compared to those who were insulin sensitive. This study confirms the early autonomic dysfunction in offspring of Type 2 diabetes mellitus subjects previously reported in other non-Saudi populations.

scholarly journals A study of insulin resistance and pancreatic beta cell function in diabetics and non-diabetics

Biomedicine ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 497-502
Author(s):  
Mary Chandrika A. ◽  
B. Shanthi
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Family History ◽  
Pancreatic Beta Cell ◽  
Family History Of Diabetes ◽  
C Peptide ◽  
History Of

Introduction and Aim: The most common non-communicable disease affecting large population is type 2 diabetes mellitus. This metabolic disorder is characterized by hyperglycemia with disturbances of carbohydrate, fat and protein metabolism. The causes of diabetes mellitus can vary greatly but always include either defects in insulin secretion of the pancreas or the cells of the body not responding properly to the insulin produced or in both at some point in the course of the disease. Materials and Methods: 200 participants who were divided into two groups, non-diabetics with and without family history of diabetes were involved in this study. The outcomes of fasting plasma glucose, postprandial plasma glucose, glycated hemoglobin, fasting plasma insulin, serum c-peptide, HOMA -IR, HOMA-B were compared between both the groups. Results: All these parameters were significantly correlated between the groups with the level of significance p<0.05%. Non-diabetic off-springs of type 2 diabetes were found to have hyperinsulinemia, increased level of serum c-peptide level, moderate insulin resistance and pancreatic beta cell dysfunction than non-diabetics without the family history of diabetes. The fasting hyperinsulinemia, known to reflect decreased insulin sensitivity constitute the strongest independent predictor of type 2 diabetes. Conclusion: The above findings show that insulin resistance is the primary abnormality in type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.

scholarly journals A Possible Early Alteration of Autonomic Activity Assessed by Heart Rate Variability in Saudi Offspring of Type 2 Diabetic Patients

2011 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 17-23
Author(s):  
Daad H. Akbar ◽  
Maha A. Hegazi ◽  
Hanan A. Al Kadi ◽  
Maimona M. Ahmad
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Heart Rate Variability ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Family History ◽  
Family History Of Diabetes ◽  
History Of

Background and Objectives: To evaluate cardiac autonomic function in non-diabetic offspring of Type 2 diabetes mellitus patients through assessment of heart rate variability. Autonomic dysfunction was reported in glucose tolerant on insulin-resistant offspring of Type 2 diabetes mellitus subjects. No data is available on cardiac autonomic dysfunction in Saudi offspring of Type 2 diabetes mellitus. Subject and Methods: Ninety-seven subjects with family history and 30 subjects with no family history of diabetes mellitus as a control group were studied. Anthropometric and biochemical characteristics (fasting blood glucose, lipids, and insulin resistance) were measured. Heart rate variability parameters were recorded. Results: No significant differences in the anthropometric, biochemical or heart rate variability parameters between the group with positive family history of diabetes mellitus and the control group. Subjects with positive family history of diabetes mellitus were split into 2 groups as per the presence or absence of insulin resistance. Insignificantly, an increased sympathetic tone was seen in Type 2 diabetes mellitus offspring with insulin resistance as compared to those without it. Body mass index, waist circumference, waist to hip ratio, total cholesterol, triglyceride, and fasting insulin and fasting blood glucose were also significantly higher in the insulin resistance group. Conclusion: There was a high prevalence of insulin resistance among the young subjects with positive family history of diabetes. Thus, had an increased sympathetic activity compared to those who were insulin sensitive. This study confirms the early autonomic dysfunction in offspring of Type 2 diabetes mellitus subjects previously reported in other non-Saudi populations.

Abstract MP70: Pre-pregnancy Beta Cell Compensation for Insulin Resistance Associated With Subsequent Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: The CARDIA Study

Circulation ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 137 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Erica P Gunderson ◽  
Amy Krefman ◽  
Cora E Lewis ◽  
Janet Catov ◽  
Norrina B Allen
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Family History ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Gestational Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Beta Cell ◽  
Pancreatic Beta Cell ◽  
Family History Of Diabetes ◽  
History Of ◽  
Beta Cell Compensation

Hypothesis: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a disorder of glucose metabolism during pregnancy characterized by pancreatic beta cell dysfunction and greater insulin resistance, but it is unclear whether dysfunction exists before pregnancy. The disposition index (DI) is a physiologic measure of beta cell compensation for insulin resistance strongly predictive of future diabetes. This prospective study evaluates whether a clinical approximation of DI before pregnancy is associated with risk of GDM. Methods: This analysis included 696 women (45% black, 55% white) enrolled in the CARDIA Study, a U.S. multi-center prospective cohort of young adults aged 18-30 at baseline (1985-86) who gave birth at least once during 30 years of follow up, reported GDM status and had fasting glucose and insulin measured before one or more post-baseline births. DI was defined as HOMA-B divided by HOMA-IR using standard formulas. Multinomial logistic regression models estimated odds ratios (OR) and 95%CI for GDM among pre-pregnancy DI tertiles (low, moderate, high) and fully adjusted for time to birth, race, age, parity, BMI, lifestyle behaviors and family history of diabetes, and also stratified by pre-pregnancy BMI. Results: 9% of women reported GDM (64/696) for 794 births. 55% of GDM and 30% of non-GDM were categorized as low DI. Low pre-pregnancy DI compared to moderate DI was associated with higher fully adjusted odds of GDM (OR=2.71, 95%CI:1.37-5.35) in the entire sample. In models stratified by pre-pregnancy BMI, low DI was associated with 4-fold higher odds of GDM among Overweight/Obese (OR=4.22, 95%CI: 1.35-13.91) and somewhat attenuated higher odds of GDM among Normal BMI (OR=1.94, 95%CI: 0.78–4.86); Table 1. Only family history of diabetes was strongly associated with GDM independent of DI. Conclusions: Inadequate beta cell compensation is present before pregnancy and discriminates greatest risk of GDM among high BMI, and may identify higher risk among women of normal BMI.

scholarly journals Insulin Resistance in Non-Obese Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Subjects and Relation with Family History of Diabetes Mellitus

2015 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 55-59 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emre Bozkırlı ◽  
Okan Bakıner ◽  
Eda Ertörer ◽  
İnan Anaforoğlu ◽  
Neslihan Başçıl Tütüncü ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Family History ◽  
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Family History Of Diabetes ◽  
History Of

scholarly journals Incidence of diabetes mellitus and associated risk factors in the adult population of the Basque country, Spain

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Inés Urrutia ◽  
◽  
Alicia Martín-Nieto ◽  
Rosa Martínez ◽  
J Oriol Casanovas-Marsal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Family History ◽  
Basque Country ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Tolerance Test ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Family History Of Diabetes ◽  
History Of ◽  
Incident Cases

AbstractThe aim of this study was to estimate the incidence of diabetes mellitus in the Basque Country and the risk factors involved in the disease by reassessing an adult population after 7 years of follow-up. In the previous prevalence study, 847 people older than 18 years were randomly selected from all over the Basque Country and were invited to answer a medical questionnaire, followed by a physical examination and an oral glucose tolerance test. In the reassessment, the same variables were collected and the resulting cohort comprised 517 individuals of whom 43 had diabetes at baseline. The cumulative incidence of diabetes was 4.64% in 7 years and the raw incidence rate was 6.56 cases/1000 person-years (95%CI: 4.11–9.93). Among the incident cases, 59% were undiagnosed. The most strongly associated markers by univariate analyses were age > 60 years, dyslipidaemia, prediabetes and insulin resistance. We also found association with hypertension, obesity, family history of diabetes and low education level. Multivariate analysis adjusted for age and sex showed that a set of risk factors assessed together (dyslipidaemia, waist-to-hip-ratio and family history of diabetes) had great predictive value (AUC-ROC = 0.899, 95%CI: 0.846–0.953, p = 0.942), which suggests the need for early intervention before the onset of prediabetes.

scholarly journals POS0727 INSULIN RESISTANCE AND LEPTIN LEVELS IN SYSTEMIC LUPUS ERYTHEMATOSUS PATIENTS WITHOUT DIABETES MELLITUS OR FASTING HYPERGLYCEMIA

2021 ◽  
Vol 80 (Suppl 1) ◽  
pp. 613.2-614
Author(s):  
L. Kondrateva ◽  
T. Panafidina ◽  
T. Popkova ◽  
M. Cherkasova ◽  
A. Lila ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Fasting Glucose ◽  
Family History Of Diabetes ◽  
History Of ◽  
Traditional Risk Factors ◽  
Risk Categories ◽  
Group 1

Background:Insulin resistance (IR) is considered as initial stage of diseases continuum from development of prediabetes to eventual progression to type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Individuals with prediabetes have also elevated leptin levels, so this adipocytokine along with IR can be considered as predictive laboratory markers of higher risk of T2DM. It is not yet clear whether presence of individual or multiple SLE-related and/or known traditional risk factors of T2DM (such as unhealthy diet, physical inactivity, family history of diabetes, or being overweight) can precipitate the development of IR.Objectives:To analyze the relationship between IR and increasing leptin levels rates. To identify the presence and evaluate the potential role of traditional and disease-related risk factors for IR in SLE patients without T2DM or hyperglycemia.Methods:A total of 49 SLE pts (46 women, 3 men, 40 [33;48] years old) without established DM and with normal fasting glucose levels (<6,1 mmol/l) were enrolled in the study. Median disease duration was 3,0[0,7;8,0] years, SLEDAI-2K was 5[2;8]. SLE pts were treated with glucocorticoids (GC) (84%), hydroxychloroquine (78%), immunosuppressive drugs (20%) and biological agents (10%). Insulin levels were measured using electrochemiluminescence assay Elecsys (Roche Diagnostics), serum leptin concentrations were estimated using ELISA (DBS-Diagnostics Biochem Canada Inc.). IR was defined as Homeostasis Model Assessment of Insulin Resistance index (HOMA-IR) ≥2,77. Leptin levels were considered elevated at values ≥11,1 ng/ml for women, ≥5.6 ng/ml for men. Eight traditional T2DM risk factors from the FINDRISK (Finnish Type 2 Diabetes Risk Assessment Form) questionnaire (older age, being overweight, abdominal obesity, family history of diabetes, sedentary lifestyle, lack of regular dietary fiber intake, taking antihypertensive medications as a surrogate marker of high blood pressure, documented episodes of hyperglycemia) were evaluated. This study used 5 risk categories for developing T2DM proposed by FINDRISK questionnaire: low, slightly elevated, moderate, high or very high.Results:Median HOMA-IR levels were 1,7 [1,2;2,5]. HOMA-IR correlated with leptin levels (r=0,7, p<0,001), body mass index (BMI) (r=0,6, p<0,001), waist circumference (WC) (r=0,5, p<0,001), T2DM risk categories by FINDRISK (r=0,3, p=0,03), SLEDAI-2K (r= -0,4, p<0,01), and duration of GCs therapy (r=0,3, p=0,03). Current GC use had no influence on HOMA-IR in SLE. IR was detected in 10 (20%) SLE pts. The traditional T2DM risk factors profiles were similar in pts with (Group 1) or without IR (Group 2) except for higher anthropometric parameters in group 1 (for BMI 27,2[24,8;32,2]kg/m2 vs 23,7[20,6;26,7]kg/m2, p<0,01; for WC: 93[86;102]cm vs 83[76;93]cm, p=0,02). Leptin levels were also higher in SLE pts with IR compared to pts without IR (74,2[30,4;112,7]ng/ml vs 25,0[6,7;42,4]ng/ml, p<0,01). Increased leptin levels were found in 35 (71%) pts, more often in pts with IR (100 vs 64%, p=0,04).Conclusion:IR was found in 20% of SLE pts without T2DM having normal serum fasting glucose concentration. Emergence of IR was commonly preceded by increased leptin levels. IR values were closely associated with accumulation of adipose tissue facilitated by long-term GCs use and disease activity decrease. Contribution of other traditional risk factors of T2DM seemed insignificant.Disclosure of Interests:None declared

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