scholarly journals Higher Neutrophil-lymphocyte Ratio in TB/HIV Co-infection Compared to Pulmonary Tuberculosis

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 375-82
Author(s):  
Nuni Sulastri ◽  
Bachti Alisjahbana ◽  
Resvi Livia ◽  
Edhyana Sahiratmadja
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Complete Blood Count ◽  
Inflammatory Marker ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
High Ratio ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Pulmonary Tb ◽  
Neutrophil Lymphocyte Ratio ◽  
Potential Marker

BACKGROUND: Neutrophils and lymphocytes play a significant role in inflammation and a high ratio of neutrophils over lymphocytes (NLR) has been used as an inflammatory marker to predict the severity of various diseases. Here we compared the NLR among pulmonary tuberculosis and TB/HIV co-infection.METHODS: A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted, included patients with pulmonary TB without cavitation TB (n=50), with cavitation TB (n=50) and HIV co-infection (n=27). Complete blood count was examined, including neutrophils and lymphocyte. NLR was calculated and compared between groups. RESULTS: Neutrophils were significantly higher (p=0.004) in TB with cavitation compared to those with no cavitation (8.27±1.45 x103/μL vs. 6.61±1.4 x103/μL, respectively); whereas the lymphocytes were similar in both groups, resulting in a significantly higher NLR (p=0.009) in pulmonary TB with cavitation compared to pulmonary TB with no cavitation (5.98±1.85 vs. 4.42±1.86, respectively). On the contrary, both neutrophils as well as lymphocyte were significantly lower in TB/HIV compared to pulmonary TB, which for neutrophil were 5.14±2.19 x103/μL vs. 7.4±1.45 x103/μL, respectively (p=0.003) and for lymphocyte (1.02 ±0.57 x103/μL vs. 1.57±0.64 x103/μL, respectively (p=0.001), resulting in a significantly higher (p=0.041) NLR value in TB/HIV (6.05±2.67) compared to pulmonary TB (5.16±1.88).CONCLUSION: High NLR in pulmonary TB with cavitation as well as in TB with HIV co-infection may be of great interest for biomarker in TB severity. Further study confirming NLR as potential marker is imperative.KEYWORDS: lymphocyte, neutrophil, NLR, tuberculosis, TB/HIV

scholarly journals Prevalence of Antibiotic Resistance to Isonicotinylhydrazide and Rifampicin in Culture Positive Pulmonary Tuberculosis Patients From 2014 to 2016 in Zahedan City, Iran

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 57-61
Author(s):  
Seyed Mohammad Hashemi Shahri ◽  
Fatemeh Fardoust ◽  
Shokoufeh Mogharabi Ostad Kalayeh ◽  
Mohammad Ghenaatpisheh Sanani
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Positive Culture ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Tuberculosis Patients ◽  
Pulmonary Tb ◽  
The World ◽  
Culture Positive

Background: One third of the world’s population is infected with TB, and the disease is known as the second deadly global infection, even more severe than measles. The disease kills about 2 million people a year. Approximately 8 million people in the world are affected by advanced tuberculosis (TB). Objective: The current study aimed to determine the frequency of resistance to the antibiotics isoniazid and rifampin in positive culture pulmonary TB patients in Zahedan city during 2013-2016. Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study studied 100 samples from patients who referred to Boo-Ali hospital of Zahedan city from 2014 to 2016. First, the isoniazid solution was prepared, and then the rifampin solution was prepared. After that, 200 μL of mycobacterium suspension was added to the antibiotic and antibiotic-free control. Results: Of 100 patients participating in the study, 50 (50%) were male and 50 (50%) were female. Participants had an average age of 51.69 ± 20.41 years (95-12 years), 79 (79%) were Iranians and 21 (21%) were Afghans. Of the 100 samples, 55 (55%) were from the year 2013, 21 (21%) were from 2014, 10 (10%) were from 2015, and 14 (14%) were from year 2016. The samples examined showed that 4 (4%) were resistant and 96% were sensitive. Conclusion: The results of the current study showed that out of 100 samples, 4 cases (4%) had resistance and 96% were sensitive; 2% were resistant to isoniazid, and 2% were resistant to isoniazid and rifampin.

scholarly journals O RENDIMENTO DA PROVA TUBERCULÍNICA ENTRE COMUNICANTES DE PORTADORES DE TUBERCULOSE PULMONAR EM BELÉM-PA

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Manoel Junior Ferreira Mendes ◽  
Jhennifer Pereira Rodrigues ◽  
Manoel Samuel da Cruz Neto ◽  
Jessica Hegedeus Camargo ◽  
Euzebio De Oliveira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Tuberculin Test ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Quantitative Approach ◽  
Scientific Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Pulmonary Tb ◽  
Basic Health ◽  
Basic Health Units

Objetivo: Determinar o rendimento da Proteína Purificada Derivada (PPD) em comunicantes de tuberculose pulmonar ativa. Metodologia: Trata-se de um estudo descritivo, transversal e de abordagem quantitativa realizado em duas Unidades Básicas de Saúde localizadas em Belém-PA. Participaram da pesquisa 42 comunicantes de ambos os sexos. As informações foram colhidas por meio de um formulário estruturado, com perguntas fechadas e finalizadas com a realização da aplicação do PPD. Resultados: O rendimento do PPD apresentou 22 comunicantes (52,3%) positivos, 19 comunicantes (45,2%) negativos e 1 contato (2,3%) não retornou para a avaliação. Conclusão: A pesquisa demonstra que a maior parte dos comunicantes que realizam a prova tuberculínica podem estar infectados pelo Bacilo de Koch.Descritores: Tuberculose, Teste Tuberculínico, Tuberculose LatenteTHE EFFICIENCY OF TUBERCULIN TEST AMONG THE CONTACTS OF PEOPLE WITH PULMONARY TUBERCULOSIS IN BELÉMPAObjective: To determine the efificiency of Derived Purified Protein (PPD) in active pulmonary TB patients. Methodology: This is a descriptive, cross-sectional study with a quantitative approach carried out in two Basic Health Units located in Belém-PA. Participated in the scientific study 42 contacts of both sexes, which the information was collected through a structured form, with closed questions and finalized with the implementation of the PPD. Results: The PPD efficiency presented 22 positive (52.3%) communicants, 19 negative (45.2%) and 1 contact (2.3%) did not return to the evaluation. Conclusion: Research shows that most contacts who perform the tuberculin test may be infected by Koch bacillus.Descriptors: Tuberculosis, Tuberculin Test, Latent Tuberculosis.LA RENDIMIENTO DEL TEST TUBERCULINICO ENTRE COMUNICANTES DE PORTADORES DE TUBERCULOSIS PULMONAR EN BELÉM-PAObjetivo: Determinar el rendimiento de la Proteína Purificada Derivada (PPD) en comunicantes de tuberculosis pulmonar activa. Metodología: Se trata de un estudio descriptivo, transversal y de abordaje cuantitativo realizado en dos Unidades Básicas de Salud ubicadas en Belém-PA. Participaron de la encuesta 42 comunicantes de ambos sexos. La información fue recogida a través de un formulario estructurado, con preguntas cerradas y finalizadas con la aplicación del PPD. Resultados: El ingreso del PPD presentó 22 comunicantes (52,3%) positivos, 19 comunicantes (45,2%) negativos y 1 contacto (2,3%) no regresó para la evaluación. Conclusión: La investigación demuestra que la mayor parte de los comunicantes que realizan la prueba tuberculínica pueden estar infectados por el Bacilo de KochDescriptores: Tuberculosis, Prueba de Tuberculina, Tuberculosa Latente

scholarly journals Knowledge, attitude and practices regarding pulmonary tuberculosis in a rural area of Tamil Nadu, India: a cross sectional study

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (9) ◽  
pp. 4055 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angeline Grace G. ◽  
Gopalakrishnan S. ◽  
Umadevi R.
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Rural Population ◽  
Positive Attitude ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Good Practices ◽  
Pulmonary Tb ◽  
Adequate Knowledge

Background: Tuberculosis is still a major public health problem in India. Lack of knowledge about the cause, risk factors, treatment and prevention of pulmonary TB is a major challenge to be addressed to reduce disease transmission. This study was planned with the objective of determining the Knowledge, Attitude and Practices regarding pulmonary tuberculosis in a rural population of Kancheepuram district, Tamilnadu, India.Methods: This community based cross sectional study was carried out between January and March 2018. Sample size of 400 was calculated by using formula 4pq/d2 and respondents were selected from sampled households using systematic random sampling. Data were collected using a pre-tested, structured questionnaire, which were analyzed using SPSS version 16.0 and presented using descriptive and analytical statistics.Results: Among 400 participants studied, only 45.5% had adequate knowledge on PTB, 14.7% had positive attitude and 26.5% had good practices towards PTB. About 91.5% had heard about TB and 79% knew that TB could be transmitted from a patient to others. The cause for TB was correctly mentioned by only 19.5% of the subjects. About 35% knew that transmission of TB is preventable. Positive attitude had a statistically significant association with higher socioeconomic class and with adequate knowledge. Good practices on TB were more noted among participants with adequate knowledge and with age ≤45 years.Conclusions: Study respondents had basic awareness about pulmonary TB but knowledge on cause and prevention was inadequate. Their attitude and practices towards TB also need to be improved. Health education activities need to be intensified for the rural population to bring about significant change in their level of awareness on TB.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the performance of clinical predictors in estimating the probability of pulmonary tuberculosis among smear-negative cases in Northern Ethiopia: a cross-sectional study

BMJ Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. e037913
Author(s):  
Mala George ◽  
Geert-Jan Dinant ◽  
Efrem Kentiba ◽  
Teklu Teshome ◽  
Abinet Teshome ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Clinical Suspicion ◽  
Secondary Outcome ◽  
Northern Ethiopia ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Smear Negative ◽  
Culture Positive ◽  
Culture Negative

ObjectivesTo evaluate the performance of the predictors in estimating the probability of pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) when all versus only significant variables are combined into a decision model (1) among all clinical suspects and (2) among smear-negative cases based on the results of culture tests.DesignA cross-sectional study.SettingTwo public referral hospitals in Tigray, Ethiopia.ParticipantsA total of 426 consecutive adult patients admitted to the hospitals with clinical suspicion of PTB were screened by sputum smear microscopy and chest radiograph (chest X-ray (CXR)) in accordance with the Ethiopian guidelines of the National Tuberculosis and Leprosy Program. Discontinuation of antituberculosis therapy in the past 3 months, unproductive cough, HIV positivity and unwillingness to give written informed consent were the basis of exclusion from the study.Primary and secondary outcome measuresA total of 354 patients were included in the final analysis, while 72 patients were excluded because culture tests were not done.ResultsThe strongest predictive variables of culture-positive PTB among patients with clinical suspicion were a positive smear test (OR 172; 95% CI 23.23 to 1273.54) and having CXR lesions compatible with PTB (OR 10.401; 95% CI 5.862 to 18.454). The regression model had a good predictive performance for identifying culture-positive PTB among patients with clinical suspicion (area under the curve (AUC) 0.84), but it was rather poor in patients with a negative smear result (AUC 0.64). Combining all the predictors in the model compared with only the independent significant variables did not really improve its performance to identify culture-positive (AUC 0.84–0.87) and culture-negative (AUC 0.64–0.69) PTB.ConclusionsOur finding suggests that predictive models based on clinical variables will not be useful to discriminate patients with culture-negative PTB from patients with culture-positive PTB among patients with smear-negative cases.

scholarly journals A CROSS SECTIONAL STUDY ON KNOWLEDGE OF TUBERCULOISIS AMONG RURAL AND URBAN POPULATION OF UDAIPUR DISTRICT, RAJASTHAN

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-2
Author(s):  
Ganesh Salvi ◽  
Rakhi Luthra
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Urban Population ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Duration Of Treatment ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
Tuberculosis Risk

AIM: To assess the knowledge regarding Tuberculosis cause, spread, types and duration of treatment among rural and urban population of Udaipur, Rajasthan. Methodology: A cross sectional study was conducted during January to March 2020 in OPD’s of PHC and UHC of Udaipur city. Total of 216 participants were included. Results: Our study showed that 30.09% were believed that Tb spread form Air, 42.22% were aware about Pulmonary tuberculosis and 53.24% were know that treatment of Tb lasts for 6 months. Conclusion: There is a need to aware people more about Tuberculosis risk factors, symptoms and treatment.

scholarly journals Undiagnosed Active Pulmonary Tuberculosis among Pilgrims during the 2015 Hajj Mass Gathering: A Prospective Cross-sectional Study

2017 ◽  
Vol 97 (5) ◽  
pp. 1304-1309 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saber Yezli ◽  
Alimuddin Zumla ◽  
Badriah Alotaibi ◽  
Abdulhafiz M. Turkistani ◽  
Yara Yassin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Mass Gathering ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Active Pulmonary Tuberculosis
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