scholarly journals PARALLEL FRAMEWORK OF MUḤAMMAD AND MOSES'S STORY: AN ANALYSIS OF THE NARRATIVES OF ḤALĪMAH AL-SAʿDIYYAH

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Ahmad Sanusi Azmi
Keyword(s):  
Early Life ◽  
Textual Analysis ◽  
Special Focus ◽  
Wet Nurse ◽  
Muslim Scholars

Kajian modern tentang asal-usul sīrah Nabawiyah telah menelusuri dan menemukan keberadaan pengaruh kitab suci sebelumnya dan unsur-unsurnya dalam narasi sīrah. Kisah tentang Halimah, sang ibu susuan, menurut Raven, menunjukkan kejadian paralel dengan kematangan Yesus ketika bayi, dalam Injil. Selain itu, para sarjana Muslim seperti Ibn Hisham ditemukan konsisten dalam membuat perbandingan paralel antara Muhammad dan Musa dalam karyanya. Tulisan ini memfokuskan pada kehidupan awal yang terfokus pada periode Ḥalīmah al-Sa'diyyah dengan menganalisis penggunaan referensi Al-Quran dalam narasi. Penelitian ini bersifat kualitatif dengan metode pendekatan kritis dan analisis tekstual untuk membaca cerita. Kajian ini menemukan proposisi bahwa ada dua kemungkinan alasan yang mengarahkan Ibn Hisham menambahkan ayat 28:12 dari Al-Qur'an sebagai referensi atas catatan waktu Muhammad sebagai bayi yang menyusu. Isu pertama ketidakjelasan digital dalam narasi Ibn Isāq. Dan yang kedua adalah memberikan kepercayaan kepada kisah kedua nabi, Muhammad dan Musa.Modern studies of the origin of sīrah nabawiyyah have traced and suggested the existence of influence of previous scriptures and their elements within the sīrah narrative. The extraordinary speed and marks of physical maturity in Prophet Muḥammad’s wet-nurse period with Halimah, which, according to Raven, indicates a parallel occurrence with Jesus' precocity in the Gospels of the Infancy. Besides, Muslim scholars such as Ibn Hishām was found to consistently make parallel comparison between Muḥammad and Moses in his work. This study aims to explore the narratives of Prophet Muḥammad’s early life, with special focus to his period with Ḥalīmah al-Sa’diyyah and analyse the use of Quranic reference in the narrative. The study is qualitative in nature in which the researcher employed critical and textual analysis to examine the story. The present study in its finding proposes that there are two possible reasons which lead Ibn Hishām to adduce verse 28:12 of the Quran as his reference to the account of Muḥammad’s time as a suckling infant. The first is to elucidate lexical obscurity in the narration of Ibn Isḥāq. And the second is to give credence to the similarity between the accounts of two prophets, Muḥammad and Moses.

Toward an Islamic Framework for Worldview Studies

2007 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 22-43
Author(s):  
Abdelaziz Berghout
Keyword(s):  
Subject Matter ◽  
Textual Analysis ◽  
Field Of Study ◽  
Inductive Approach ◽  
Islamic Thought ◽  
History Of ◽  
Field Of Inquiry ◽  
Muslim Scholars

The paper examines the importance of designing a framework for studying worldviews within the parameters of contemporary Islamic thought. It briefly reviews both selected western and Islamic stances on worldview studies. The literature reveals that research on this topic and its application to different spheres has become a topic of some interest to many intellectual circles, particularly in the western context. Hence, the possibility of forming an Islamic civilizational framework for an inquiry into people’s worldviews needs to be assessed. This article follows a textual analysis and inductive approach to analyze the prospects of formulating an Islamic framework for research on worldviews and its applications. It concludes that western scholars have made considerable efforts in treating people’s worldviews as a field of study, while Muslim scholars have not. In this respect, many western researchers have contributed to developing worldview studies as a separate field of inquiry, including the history of concept, subject matter, objectives, kinds, methods, and applications. Therefore, the need to enhance the Islamic input and research pertaining to this field by introducing an Islamic civilizational framework and approach of inquiry becomes apparent.

Education Piety

2020 ◽  
pp. 34-59
Author(s):  
Benaouda Bensaid ◽  
Salah Machouche
Keyword(s):  
Knowledge Acquisition ◽  
Spiritual Growth ◽  
Textual Analysis ◽  
Theoretical Research ◽  
Spiritual Discipline ◽  
Ibn Khaldun ◽  
Muslim Education ◽  
Spirituality In Education ◽  
History Of ◽  
Muslim Scholars

This chapter seeks to explore the crossroads between learning in Islam and spirituality, and also the methods according to which Muslim instructors shape students' experiences in a context of piety development. This study also examines questions pertaining to the concept of spirituality in education, methods pedagogic principles that further merge spiritual discipline with knowledge acquisition. The theoretical research draws on the textual analysis of early works of Muslim scholars, more specifically on Abdul Ibn Khaldun and Abu Hamid al-Ghazali, given their prominent positions in the history of Muslim education. This study shows that the Islamic learning has always taken students' spiritual growth for granted and has, despite differences of practices across Muslim regions, always maintained the refining of learners' spiritual character.

Neurodevelopmental plasticity and psychiatric vulnerability

2015 ◽  
Vol 30 (S2) ◽  
pp. S70-S70
Author(s):  
A. Dayer
Keyword(s):  
Life Stress ◽  
Early Life ◽  
Methylation Status ◽  
Early Life Stress ◽  
Childhood Adversity ◽  
Cellular Level ◽  
Special Focus ◽  
Serotonin System ◽  
Increase Risk

The early developmental period is characterized by a high degree of plasticity and, consequently, is very sensitive to environmental factors, such as early life stressors (ELS). Exposure to ELS is known to increase risk to psychopathologies such as depression and anxiety disorders later in life . At a cellular level, alterations in the migration and integration of GABAergic interneurons (INs) in cortical circuits have emerged as a key processes involved in the vulnerability to psychiatric disorders . In humans and rodents, ELS interacts with genes regulating the serotonin system to increase risk to stress-related disorders . In addition, ELS is associated to a variety of epigenetic methylation changes in blood DNA from patients displaying a high loading of ELS . Here, we aimed to investigate the role of the ionotropic serotonin 3A receptor (5-HT3AR) at a genetic and epigenetic level in rodent and human models of early-life stress. We will first present data indicating that the 5-HT3AR is specifically expressed in a subset of cortical INs derived from the caudal ganglionic eminence (CGE) and controls early steps of cortical circuit assembly . Interestingly, the migration, transcriptional programs and positioning of 5-HT3AR expressing interneuron subtypes were found to be dysregulated in pathological models of early-life serotonin dysregulation. At a behavioral level, we found that ELS interacts with the 5-HTR3A to modulate social behaviors. Finally, we will present human data indicating that childhood adversity significantly impacts the methylation status of the promoter region of the human 5-HT3AR in an allele-specific manner. Taken together, this presentation will highlight the importance of the serotonin system in early life development and psychopathology with a special focus on the role of the 5-HT3AR in cortical interneuron development.

scholarly journals Narratives of the Prophet’s Early Life in Ṣaḥīḥ Al-Buḫārī: An Analytical Study of Qurʾānic References in Sīra Nabawiyya

2017 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 193-212 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmad Sanusi Azmi
Keyword(s):  
Early Life ◽  
Analytical Study ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
Novel Approaches ◽  
Analytical Approaches ◽  
Muslim Scholars

Abstract Research into early Muslim sources has demonstrated that some verses of the Qurʾān have been seen by Muslim scholars as containing direct references to the events of the Prophet’s early life. Modern scholars, however, have questioned the appropriateness and authority of these Qurʾānic references as being accurate sources of information for the Prophet’s biography. Since the ḥadīṯ are regarded as an authoritative exegetical tool for understanding the meaning of Qurʾānic verses, the ḥadīṯ and scholars’ views on the scripture and its relationship to the narratives of sīra nabawiyya must be undertaken. The objectives of this present study are to explore the narratives of the Prophet’s early life as found in Ṣaḥīḥ al-Buḫārī and analyse al-Buḫārī’s perspective on the role of ḥadīṯ as an exegetical tool for Qurʿānic references in sīra nabawiyya. The study is qualitative in nature, as it utilises both critical and analytical approaches for its methodology. The study suggests that al-Buḫārī employed innovative and novel approaches when presenting narratives of the Prophet’s early life. At certain places in his al-Ṣaḥīḥ, by adducing certain ḥadīṯ in detail, al-Buḫārī endeavours to convey one distinctive and irrevocable message to the reader.

scholarly journals Sīrah Of The Prophet’s Early Life In Musnad of Aḥmad: An Analytical Study Of Qurʿānic References In Sīrah Nabawiyyah

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmad Sanusi Azmi
Keyword(s):  
Early Life ◽  
Analytical Study ◽  
Ninth Century ◽  
Source Of Information ◽  
Muslim Scholars

Reviews of early Muslim sources confirm that some verses of the Qur’ān have been perceived by Muslim scholars as direct references to the narratives of the Prophet’s early life. These selected verses are deemed to contain information about Muḥammad’s genealogy, birth, childhood and other aspects of his youth.  Modern scholars have, however, argued about the appropriateness and authority of these Qur’ānic references as being the true bearers of information of the Prophet’s biography. Since the ḥadīth is regarded as an authoritative exegetical tool employed to explore more deeply the meaning of the Qur’ān, and one of which contains a vast source of information about the Prophet’s life, it is indispensable to analyse the works of ḥadīth and its scholars’ views on the narratives of sīra nabawiyya. This study aims to explore the narratives of the Prophet’s early life in Musnad of Aḥmad and analyse Aḥmad’s perspective regarding Quranic references to the Prophet’s early life. The study is qualitative in nature in which the researcher utilised both critical and analytical approached as its methodology. The study in its finding espouses that the rarity of Qur’ānic reference to Muḥammad’s early life in Musnad of Aḥmad, an enormous inventory of ḥadīth of the ninth century, indicates one scholar’s views about Muḥammad’s early life. It is obvious that Aḥmad make no connection between the Quran and the narratives of the Prophet’s early life, even though verses that are widely used by the author of sīra as an allusion to Muḥammad’s early life.

scholarly journals The Hybrid Nature of Sirah Nabawiyyah: An Analysis of Quranic Biography of Muhammad’s Early Lifeife

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-38
Author(s):  
Ahmad Sanusi Azmi
Keyword(s):  
Early Life ◽  
Textual Analysis ◽  
Ninth Century ◽  
Solid Ground ◽  
Hybrid Nature

Sirah materials have been deemed by modern scholars as a hybrid literature, a combination of biography, prophetology and hagiography. The authors of the sirah record the Prophet’s significance with admiration and clear devotion; but there is very little evidence of his early life and the narratives are recorded with reverence.  In the Quran itself, there is little evidence of Prophet Muḥammad’s early biography, with scarcely any details before the receiving of his first revelations around the age of forty. Even with the infrequency of its references, this condition cause no hinder to a Muslim. A complete biography of the Prophet’s life was produced completely equipped with its references from the Quran. The present study aims to explore the development of emerging number of Quranic verses that used as references for the narratives of the Prophet’s early life in sirah literature. It also seeks to analyze the nature of relationship between sirah and the Quran. The present study deals solely with texts. In order to attain the objectives of the research, textual analysis will be employed as a major tool in examining and exploring the sources The study in its findings argue that Quranization of the sirah account in the rationalist atmosphere of the ninth century drove some authors to refer to the Quran as a supportive mechanism, to strengthen and provide a solid ground for what they were saying about Prophet Muhammad. 

scholarly journals Integrasi Ilmu Usuluddin dalam Pengajian Agama di Masjid

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 128-144
Author(s):  
Mohd Radhi Ibrahim
Keyword(s):  
Significant Influence ◽  
Textual Analysis ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Theoretical Aspect ◽  
Practical Aspect ◽  
Daily Activities ◽  
Contemporary World ◽  
Analysis Methodology ◽  
Religious Text ◽  
Muslim Scholars

Ilmu Usuluddin merupakan ilmu asas yang diperlukan oleh setiap individu Muslim, Ilmu ini membincangkan berkenaan asas akidah yang perlu bagi umat Islam. Hujah-hujah bagi menjelaskan akidah dan juga untuk mempertahankannya dari serangan atau keraguan pihak lain. Integrasi ilmu Usuluddin dengan aspek kehidupan sangat penting bagi membentuk individu Muslim yang berkualiti dan menjaga batasan agamanya. Pengajian ilmu Usuluddin di Masjid merupakan salah satu cara masyarakat Islam mendapatkan pengetahuan berkenaan perkara akidah. Penulisan ini akan meneliti berkenaan integrasi ilmu Usuluddin dalam pengajian agama di masjid. Penulisan ini lebih menumpukan berkenaan kandungan atau metodologi pengajian ilmu Usuluddin di masjid. Oleh itu ia bukanlah kajian yang meneliti pengajian sedia ada di masjid sebagaimana dilakukan oleh sebahagian pengkaji. Muslim scholars have been discussing the influence of Aqidah in the daily activities of human life for many decades. The gap available between the theoretical aspect and the practical aspect of Islam caused significant influence in the development of Muslim ummah. The study of Usuluddin in the mosque is one of the ways how the Muslim obtains knowledge on matters of Akidah. Usuluddin is a pillar of religion that is required for every Muslim individual to hold on. It discusses the fundamental beliefs needed for Muslims. It also explains the faith and defends it from criticism or doubts from other parties. The integration of Usuluddin knowledge with various aspects of life is crucial to establish quality Muslim individuals and to maintain their religious boundaries. This paper will examine the integration of Usuluddin with daily activities of Muslim life. This research uses the textual analysis methodology based on the works of previous Muslims scholars and their study on religious text from the Qur’an and the Sunnah. The research finds that an integrated understanding of Usuluddin necessary in the contemporary world. Every Islamic discipline, including Akidah, need to be understood and practised based on this integrated understanding to close the gap between theoretical and practical aspects of Islam.

Oscar Wilde and the Confidence Trick

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kostas Boyiopoulos
Keyword(s):  
Textual Analysis ◽  
Common Ground ◽  
Oscar Wilde ◽  
Special Focus ◽  
Cultural Consciousness ◽  
Con A ◽  
Theatrical Performance ◽  
Aesthetic Performance

Abstract Critics have long highlighted the centrality of forgery in Oscar Wilde. This essay focuses instead on the idea of the confidence trick in Wilde’s life and work, with a special focus on ‘The Portrait of Mr. W. H.’. The capstone of the confidence trick is the so-called long con, a type of elaborate deception that resembles an extended theatrical performance. With its properties of narrativity and plot-making, the long con subsumes forgery. Its use in literature points to literature itself as a piece of trickery. Through cultural, biographical and textual analysis, this essay dwells on the various striking ways by which Wilde’s fictions are entangled with reality as they are pervaded by the long con trope. By considering Wilde’s perceived image in his 1882 American tour and his brushing shoulders with famous conmen, the essay first suggests that the confidence trick and dandyism share common ground. It demonstrates that the confidence trick is akin to Wilde’s ‘lying’ and catalytic as an aesthetic performance. The cultural consciousness of the confidence trick is strongly present in such works as An Ideal Husband and The Importance of Being Earnest, which are built around long cons. ‘Mr. W. H.’ features a long con and in targeting the reader operates as one. Paradoxically, because of its open exploration of forgery, the story as a confidence trick in literature is failproof, imperceptible, and so perfect.

Taking from the Mouths of Shaykhs (Mushāfaha)

2019 ◽  
pp. 159-178
Author(s):  
Aria Nakissa
Keyword(s):  
Textual Analysis ◽  
Practice Theory ◽  
Independent Reading ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Religious Knowledge ◽  
Religious Texts ◽  
Muslim Scholars

This chapter combines ethnography and textual analysis to examine the traditional Islamic pedagogy of “taking from the mouths of shaykhs.” This pedagogy requires that a student obtain religious knowledge by sitting with a teacher and listening to him comment on ancient religious texts. The chapter discusses why Muslim scholars value this pedagogy, and why they criticize the practice of independent reading. It also discuss different forms of the preceding pedagogy including samāʿ, qirāʾa, and munāwala. Furthermore, it discusses how this pedagogy relates to matns and commentary. The chapter’s account of “taking from the mouths of shaykhs” draws on insights from hermeneutic theory and practice theory.

scholarly journals Cultivation of early life history stages of Porphyra dioica from the British Isles

2019 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 459-471 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Knoop ◽  
J. N. Griffin ◽  
S. Barrento
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Light Intensity ◽  
Early Life ◽  
Native Species ◽  
Intraspecific Variability ◽  
Early Life History ◽  
Special Focus ◽  
Source Population ◽  
Life History Stages ◽  
North East

AbstractBladed Bangiales of the genus Porphyra/Pyropia are highly valuable red algae and extensively farmed in South East Asia. Interest is rising in cultivating species local to the North East Atlantic but the control of the heteromorphic life cycle of native species remains difficult as previous studies reported high inter- and intraspecific variability in required cultivation conditions. Here, working with Porphyra dioica from a UK source population, we conducted a series of experiments investigating the influence of substrate, temperature, photoperiod and light intensity on the development of early life history stages (conchocelis (filamentous sporophyte) and young thalli (gametophyte)). Special focus was the influence of temperature and photoperiod on mature conchocelis to induce a conchospore mass release—the current bottleneck of European Porphyra cultivation. Sporophytes grew largest on an oyster shell substrate and under long day conditions at 18 °C. A decrease in temperature from 18 to 9 °C initiated a mass conchospore release (498 ± 146 spores mL−1) from a P. dioica conchocelis culture grown in suspension. Released conchospores germinated into small thalli on nylon ropes, with best growth (7.2 ± 0.9% day−1) at low temperatures of 9 °C. Conchospore germination increased with decreasing light intensity but germination success was generally very low (< 5%), indicating the cultivation protocol needs further improvement. Our results reflect the adaptation of P. diocia to seasonal environmental conditions in temperate regions and the importance of these conditions for the successful cultivation. We are the first to describe a mass conchospore release for P. diocia growing in suspension which has important implications for commercial production.

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