Qurʾanic Figurative Language to Develop High Order Thinking Skills (HOTS) and Religious Tolerance among Language Learners

Similar to other theistic texts, the Qurʾan has some figurative languages which require deep thought for good comprehension. However, how these rhetorical imageries can inspire the development of higher order thinking skills (HOTS) and religious tolerance among language learners, two necessary skills in the information-laden era, is still less known. This study explores how the Qurʾan’s figurative languages serve as an inspiring basis to develop Bloom’s revised taxonomy of analyzing and evaluating thinking skills in foreign language learning. Document analysis shows that many verses in Sura (Chapter) Joseph and other five chapters contain some simile, personification, and metaphor in recounting past prophetical and scientific events humans need to learn for life. Incorporated into learning materials, these figurative languages require the foreign language learners to use their skills of sensing, imagining, and making logical reasoning to discern the real meanings. The discussion of Sura Joseph in the Qurʾan which recounts some prophets of Abraham’s descendants can also increase religious tolerance among young followers of Abrahamic religions. The study recommends some strategies on how language teachers base their teaching and learning practices on these religious scriptures to develop students’ critical thinking and create a more harmonious global citizenship.

Women and Ḥadīth Transmission: Prolific Role of Aisha in Validation and Impugnment of Prophetic Traditions

Muslim history is animated with examples of women who mastered the art of ḥadīth (Prophetic traditions) sciences and besides this, they had also displayed their expertise in the field of Al-Jarḥ wa Taʿdīl (Validation and Impugnment) of Prophetic traditions. The science of Al-Jarḥ wa Taʿdīl is a very subtle and sensitive branch of Usūl al ḥadīth (the science of ḥadīth) which deals with acceptance or rejection of Prophetic narrations, based on the trustworthiness and weaknesses of ḥadīth narrator. Since the beginning of Islamic history, Muslim women have constantly taken a prominent part in narration, preservation, and memorization of ḥadīth, these efforts continued for a long time and there were numerous distinguished female scholars of ḥadīth who were treated with great honor. This study aims to investigate the contribution of these muḥaddithāt (female scholars of ḥadīth) in ḥadīth narration and specifically the significant role of Aisha (R.A.) in the field of Al-Jarḥ wa Taʿdīl. This study also aims to put forth the contribution of muḥaddithāt in ḥadīth narration during the early centuries of Islam parallel to their role in Al-Jarḥ and Taʿdīl of narrators. Furthermore, this study would be a humble effort to highlight the intellectual contributions of female Muslim scholars of ḥadīth to encourage women of today to carry this legacy forward by mastering this scholarly endeavour and continue the legacy of their pious predecessors.

Kredibiliti dan Pengaruh Faridah binti Mat Saman Terhadap Institusi Tarannum di Negeri Kelantan Credibility and Influence of Faridah binti Mat Saman on Tarannum Institution in Kelantan

Faridah Binti Mat Saman is a prominent figure among Quranic reciters in Malaysia and has won the competition of Quran recitation whether in national or international level for eight times. She has also been able to positively influence the Quranic institutions all over Kelantan and further embed her salutary impact towards the development of Tarannum studies in Malaysia starting from the year 1948 until 2018. This study is a qualitative research design using data collection methods through interviews, document analysis and declaration from Faridah Binti Mat Saman. The results show that the credibility of Faridah Binti Mat Saman has inspired Kelantan institutions through her morale, knowledge, expertise and skills which has resulted to favourable outcomes towards the institutions and the growth of Quranic tarannum studies in the state and Malaysia in general.

Mubālaghah Menurut Perspektif al-ʿAlawi: Kajian Terhadap Elemen Mubālaghah dalam Hadith Berkaitan Syurga

The depiction of heaven as a supernatural thing that is hard for human beings to perceive is understandably difficult. Thus, the person who delivers divine messages about it to the masses requires a high level of language ability and delivery skills in order to be able to convince the audience. This study aims to examine the style of language in the hadiths containing descriptions of heaven from the perspective of mubālaghah. The research objectives are achieved through content analysis through which, hadiths related to description of heaven in Ṣaḥīḥ Muslim are probed and the elements of mubālaghah in them are identified and analyzed. The mubālaghah approach by al-ʿAlawi is used as a theoretical basis in identifying and analyzing the elements of mubālaghah. The findings show that Rasulullah SAW decribed the inhabitants, the nature of heaven and the blessings provided to its inhabitants by using various mubālaghah approaches such as applying the elements of bayan, repeating sentences with the same meaning and completing sentences with hyperbole. Objects used as symbols were chosen from the socio-cultural environment of the society at that time such as the moon, stars, musk, horses, gems and significant rivers such as the Nile, Saihān and Jaihān. The most prominent characteristic is that his words are rich in elements of balaghah and delivered effectively to strengthen the audience’s understanding of the theme, which subsequently leads to acceptance and belief.

The Progress of the Quranic Scientific Exegesis in South-East Asia

Scientific exegesis has been adapted by religious scholars in this region beginning in the early 20th century, and later developed and is widely accepted by the scholars. The number of scholars who use the exegesis in writing their religious texts particularly in interpreting verses of the Quran have increased throughout the years. Therefore, the objective of this article is to uncover and analyze the progress of the Quranic Scientific Exegesis in South-East Asia through its scholars. This study uses qualitative methodology and library research methods by analyzing various primary and secondary sources. The content analysis method is used to sort and analyze the data with certain characteristics objectively and systematically. The findings of this study clearly show that the prominent scholars in the region such as Shaykh Muhammad Idris Al-Marbawi, Shaykh Muhammad Saʾid ibn Umar, Shaykh Mustafa Abdul Rahman, Shaykh Abdul Hayei Abdul Sukor, Ustaz Zawawi Ahmad, Prof. Hasbi Ash-Shiddieqy, Prof. Buya Hamka, K.H. Bisyri Mustafa, Prof. Achmad Baiquni and Shaykh Ahmad Sonhadji Muhammad, have contributed a lot and played an important role in the development of this the Quranic scientific exegesis. It is also discovered that the government agencies in the region also play a role in supporting the efforts to promote the development of the Quranic scientific exegesis so that it can be accepted and widely used by the Muslim community as a branch of the Quranic interpretation in learning and understanding the Quran.

حُقوقُ الوالدين في ضوء القرآن والإِنْجيل: دِراسَة مُقارَنَة

The issue of parental rights is an important issue that must be known and applied by sons and daughters in all religions. Therefore, this study aims to study these rights as stated in the Holy Qurʾan and compares them with what is mentioned in the Bible. These rights are fully taken into account by the needs of mankind in this era, especially with the prevalence of parental disobedience in many societies. This study showed, by comparing the holy Qurʾan and the Bible concerning the rights of parents, that the rights mentioned in the Qurʾan are two times as large as what is in the Bible, and the number of verses in the Holy Qurʾan is ten times more than those in the Bible. Moreover, by comparing the texts of the Holy Qurʾan and the Bible’s, the holy Qurʾan’s verses are so accurate in mentioning and describing the rights of parents, which made it the most comprehensive in emphasizing these rights, for example mentioning the rights of charity, service, praying for them, obeying them, and being grateful. On the other hand, the Bible does not state the rights of obedience, calling to Allah’s religion, being grateful, and honoring them.

تدليس ابن جريج بين النظرية والتطبيق: دراسة تطبيقية على صحيح ابن حبان

This study discusses the accusation pointed to “Ibn Juraij” theoretically and practically; Some of these accusations were spread by many Imams of hadith but upon investigation and following the statements of the senior critics it shows that they either did not declare these accusations, or they meant the fraud. The significance of this research lies in rejecting the suspicion that Ibn Hibban was described with leniency in documenting the narrator’s accusation of changing the wording of the transmission of the hadith from someone who spoke to us or told us into a formula that blurred others or delusional information so that it was heard while he actually did not hear it. One of the most important objectives of this research is to find a scientific and specialized study of the narrators accused of this change in Sahih Ibn Hibban, and to clarify their status. This results in the correction of their hadiths in his Sahih and the discussion of those accused of discussing, such as Ibn Juri. The researcher followed historical “retrospective” approach in understanding the terminology of the hadith in which the imams contested with Ibn Hibban, such as the definition of Deception, its applications; and the critical analytical approach to discuss the sayings and rules that Ibn Hibban and the most scholars said in matters of al-Jarh and al-Tadeel, and to discuss the validity of the offender’s claim and accuse Ibn Hibban of insufficiency in his method of correctness and its degree, in accepting the narrators accused of deception. As for the most distinguished results, it was found that Ibn Juraij used to mislead the deception of the Sheikhs, only this has been proven from his sheikh Ibrahim bin Abi Yahya. However, he was not overbearing of deception.

تحفيز العصب الرأسي العاشر بين الطرق الطبية الطبيعية والقرآن والسنة النبوية والممارسات الإسلامية

Vagus nerve (the tenth cranial nerve), is responsible for several vital physiological conditions and several motor and sensory actions in the thoracic and abdominal cavities. Because of its importance, scientists usually stimulate it electrically in certain medical conditions, or naturally for the wellbeing of individuals. The aim of this study is to compare between the natural ways that stimulate the vagus nerve, that were suggested by anatomists, physiologists and medical doctors, and between what it is mentioned in the Quran and Sunnah and practiced by Muslims. The study found that many of the documented natural practices that stimulate the vagus nerve are actually mentioned in the Quran or Sunnah. We concluded that some natural methods of vagus nerve stimulation are mentioned in many Islamic textual sources and Islamic practices.