scholarly journals Application of core X-ray microtomography in oilfield geology

Georesursy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 34-43
Author(s):  
Andrey Ponomarev ◽  
Mikhail Zavatsky ◽  
Tatiana Nurullina ◽  
Marsel Kadyrov ◽  
Kirill Galinsky ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drilling Fluid ◽  
Source Rocks ◽  
Micro Ct ◽  
Practical Application ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Current State ◽  
Digital Core ◽  
State Of Research ◽  
Oil Source

The article presents studies devoted to the practical application of computer X-ray microtomography (micro-CT) in oilfield geology. In particular, the authors give results of using the method for sample defectoscopy before petrophysical studies in order to improve the quality of analyzes. The paper includes an example of assessing the depth of core plugging with drilling fluid; assessing the mineral composition by micro-CT; experimental core studies when modeling the thermal effect on the oil source rocks of the Bazhenov formation. The authors also examine the current state of research in the field of digital petrophysics or digital core. The study is aimed at introducing the micro-CT method into the oilfield process.

scholarly journals Olfaction and Aging: A Review of the Current State of Research and Future Directions

i-Perception ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 204166952110203
Author(s):  
Jonas K. Olofsson ◽  
Ingrid Ekström ◽  
Maria Larsson ◽  
Steven Nordin
Keyword(s):  
Warning Signs ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Current State ◽  
Challenging Tasks ◽  
State Of Research ◽  
To Come ◽  
Health Cognition ◽  
Olfactory Abilities ◽  
And Training

Olfaction, the sense of smell, is characterized by a notable age-dependency such that aging individuals are more likely to have poor olfactory abilities. These impairments are considered to be mostly irreversible and as having potentially profound effects on quality of life and food behavior, as well as constituting warning signs of mortality, cognitive dysfunction, and dementia. Here, we review the current state of research on aging and olfaction, focusing on five topics which we regard to be of particular relevance for the field: nutrition and health, cognition and dementia, mortality, environment and genetics, and training-based enhancement. Under each of these headlines, we provide a state-of-the-art overview and discuss gaps in our knowledge which might be filled by further research. Understanding how olfactory abilities are diminished in aging, and how they may be alleviated or recovered, involves a set of challenging tasks for researchers in the years to come.

scholarly journals The Scarcity of Literature on the Psychological, Social, and Emotional Effects of Gastroparesis in Children

Children ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (9) ◽  
pp. 115
Author(s):  
Tiffany H. Taft ◽  
Bethany Doerfler ◽  
Emily Edlynn ◽  
Linda Nguyen
Keyword(s):  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Social And Emotional ◽  
Current State ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Psychosocial Impacts ◽  
Future Research Directions ◽  
State Of Research

Gastroparesis (GP) is a chronic, gastric dysmotility disorder with significant morbidity and mortality. The hallmark of GP is the delayed emptying of the contents of the stomach in the absence of any mechanical obstruction. Patients most commonly report chronic symptoms of nausea, vomiting, feeling full quickly when eating, bloating, and abdominal pain. Treatments are limited with relatively poor efficacy. As such, children with GP are at significant risk for the development of psychological co-morbidities. In this paper, we provide a topical review of the scientific literature on the psychological, social, and emotional impacts of gastroparesis in pediatric patients. We aim to document the current state of research, identify gaps in our knowledge with appropriate recommendations for future research directions, and highlight the unique challenges pediatric patients with GP and their families may face as they manage this disease. Based on the current review, research into the psychosocial impacts in children with GP is essentially non-existent. However, when considering research in children with other chronic digestive diseases, children with GP are likely to face multiple psychosocial challenges, including increased risk for anxiety and depression, stigma, and reduced quality of life. These significant gaps in the current understanding of effects of GP across domains of childhood functioning allow for ample opportunities for future studies to address psychosocial outcomes.

scholarly journals Design at the root of biophilia. Imitation. Nature.

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 047-058
Author(s):  
Marcin Marciniak ◽  
Dżoana Latała-Matysiak
Keyword(s):  
Negative Impact ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Positive Influence ◽  
Local Communities ◽  
Existing Buildings ◽  
Current State ◽  
State Of Research ◽  
Mental Well Being ◽  
Structural Solutions

According to the current state of research on the phenomenon of biophilia, the positive influence of nature's elements on humans has long been widely understood. Since the negative impact of urbanised areas on quality of life was noticed, human-friendly architecture has been redefined, where the physical and mental well-being of people using buildings, remains highly dependent on their contact with the environment. Selected examples of existing buildings analyzed two different approaches to contemporary biophilic architecture; one where nature is the pedestal of the whole building and one where the interpretation of nature translates into technological, engineering or structural solutions. The architectural examples modelled on nature, have gained recognition in local communities and worldwide renown, so it can be concluded that the flourishing of organic and bionic architecture is fully justified. Biophilia determines human well-being, while remaining closely related to the natural environment.

scholarly journals OPTIMIZATION OF RADIATION DOSES TO PATIENTS IN X-RAY DIAGNOSTICS

2019 ◽  
Vol 98 (12) ◽  
pp. 1331-1337 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sergei E. Okhrimenko ◽  
L. A. Ilin ◽  
I. P. Korenkov ◽  
S. P. Morozov ◽  
A. P. Birukov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Age Groups ◽  
Clinical Diagnostics ◽  
Radiation Doses ◽  
Stochastic Effects ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Dose Load ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Current State ◽  
Medical Exposure

Introduction. The document analyzes the current state of issues of medical exposure of the population using methods of radiation diagnostics. Purpose of research is thr development of approaches to optimization of radiation doses to patients, taking into account radio-succeptibility and radioresistance of different age groups exposed to medical irradiation (MI), forming radiation doses and risks of induction of long-term stochastic effects in these groups. Material and methods. Analysis of factors affecting the formation of dose load approaches to the study of x-ray diagnostics at the present stage. Results. The paper gives a detailed review of modern scientific views on the effect of low doses of radiation, identifies controversial aspects of this problem, including the threshold of stochastic effects. The analysis of the main factors of MI dose formation is carried out. It is concluded that it is formed mainly in the field of diagnostic irradiation, while the restriction (1 mSv) applies only to preventive irradiation. This leads to a lack of systematic approaches to the reasonable limitation, optimization, and justification of diagnostic radiation procedures. The significant part of the dose load was shown to be formed due to unreasonable or erroneous directions to the study. Medical exposure is significantly different from other types - man-made and natural, and the risk of medical exposure competes with the risk of failure of radiation diagnostics. A number of measures aimed at reasonable limitation of medical exposure and reduction of risks of stochastic effects while ensuring high quality of diagnostics are proposed. The proposals are based on the provision to reduce radiogenic risks with increasing age. It is also proposed to develop “practical thresholds” of medical exposure for different age groups. Conclusion. The necessity of correction and approaches detailing on justification and purpose of studies in x-ray diagnostics, taking into account features of irradiated contingents, development on this basis of “practical thresholds” of MI at a priority of quality of clinical diagnostics is established.

Towards a Holistic Approach to Validating Conceptual Models

2011 ◽  
pp. 229-251
Author(s):  
Jorg Becker
Keyword(s):  
Conceptual Models ◽  
Empirical Work ◽  
Holistic Approach ◽  
Evaluation Approach ◽  
Research Fields ◽  
Current State ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
State Of Research ◽  
Procedure Model

The chapter sketches a holistic approach to semantically validating conceptual models. The quality and thus the validation of conceptual models are of high economic importance. However, only little empirical work has focused on their evaluation so far. This raises the question whether a holistic approach to determining the quality of conceptual models is available yet. In order to describe the current state of research and to expose the so far neglected research fields we develop a two dimensional framework. With the help of this framework we can identify a notable shortcoming on conceptual model evaluation. We can show that there is actually no approach that covers all aspects of the framework. Hence, we describe a procedure model that integrates different evaluation techniques. This procedure model provides a starting point to further elaborate on a holistic evaluation approach.

scholarly journals Factors Influencing the Popularity of Artificial Insemination of Mares in Europe

Animals ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 460 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alicja Kowalczyk ◽  
Ewa Czerniawska-Piątkowska ◽  
Marian Kuczaj
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Insemination ◽  
Sperm Quality ◽  
World Market ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Current State ◽  
Horse Breeding ◽  
Frozen Semen ◽  
The Common ◽  
State Of Research

The purpose of this review was to analyze factors affecting the popularity of artificial insemination of mares in Europe in the context of sperm quality. Taking into account the prices of stallion semen on the world market, efficiency is important for the profitability of its use in artificial insemination programs in Europe. To increase the efficiency of a semen insemination facility, it is necessary to correctly and objectively assess the quality of semen. The available range of tools allows an effective evaluation of the potential fertility of a stallion. For several years, artificial insemination programs in Europe have been gaining popularity. However, the frequency of chilled or frozen semen use is still quite low. This is mainly due to the common, negative opinion about the effectiveness of the use of packaged insemination doses as opposed to natural insemination. Unfortunately, the quality of the semen offered often deviates from expectations, which results in unsatisfactory (and therefore unprofitable) pregnancy rates. This review presents the popularity structure of chilled and frozen semen use in European horse breeding as well as the current state of research on the effectiveness of semen production technology. It is shown that the popularity of using chilled semen in the artificial insemination of mares in Europe has been gradually increasing in the group of sport mares, while in the group of breeding mares, in recent years, frozen semen has been gaining popularity. In the remaining group of mares (not classified as sport or breeding), insemination with chilled semen has been dominant.

scholarly journals The invisibility of the patient’s family in nursing documentation: An integrative review

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 54
Author(s):  
Heleena Laitinen ◽  
Eija Paavilainen
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Dimensions ◽  
Integrative Review ◽  
Multiple Perspectives ◽  
Research Knowledge ◽  
Family Nursing ◽  
Current State ◽  
State Of Research ◽  
Inductive Thematic Analysis ◽  
Structural Aspects

Objective: The objective of this integrative review is to present the current state of research knowledge regarding references to the patient’s family in documentation in health care settings.Methods: Ten (N = 10) research articles from 1998 to 2014 were found and analyzed using inductive, thematic analysis. All articles were evaluated using the critical appraisal tools developed by the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI).Results: Two main themes were revealed: the content and the structural aspects of family documentation. Quantitative, qualitative and mixed methods were used in generating the data of the reviewed articles. Reference to families in documentation was considered important in all the articles. Structural aspects consisted of semi-structured forms, summary notes and a tick-box system for marking the issues which were discussed with families. The classification system and outcomes assessment regarding family documentation were investigated, and their importance was highlighted. The content of family documentation was typified, for example, by parenting issues in mental health status and how the parents cope when a child is ill. Difficult life situations and advanced care planning brought families into the documentation, albeit rather infrequently. Similarly, references to counseling families or considering their psychosocial, spiritual and cultural dimensions were rarely found in the literature. Additionally, the family’s importance in supporting the patient’s care was often missed in documentation.Conclusions: The results show the necessity of developing both family nursing and its documentation. Consequently, in order to improve the quality of both of these, more investigation from multiple perspectives is needed.

scholarly journals Selection in a 3D microtomographic image the region with the highest quality

2019 ◽  
pp. 160-168 ◽  
Author(s):  
A S Kornilov ◽  
I V Safonov ◽  
A V Goncharova ◽  
I V Yakimchuk
Keyword(s):  
Flow Simulation ◽  
Visual Quality ◽  
Quality Measures ◽  
Ct Images ◽  
Ct Image ◽  
Micro Ct ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Image Slice ◽  
Selection Of

We present an algorithm for processing of X-ray microtomographic (micro-CT) images that allows automatic selection of a sub-volume having the best visual quality for further mathematical simulation, for example, flow simulation. Frequently, an investigated sample occupies only a part of a volumetric image or the sample can be into a holder; a part of the image can be cropped. For each 2D slice across the Z-axis of an image, the proposed method locates a region corresponding to the sample. We explored applications of several existing blind quality measures for an estimation of the visual quality of a micro-CT image slice. Some of these metrics can be applied to ranking the image regions according to their quality. Our method searches for a cubic area located inside regions belonging to the sample and providing the maximal sum of the quality measures of slices crossing the cube across the Z-axis. The proposed technique was tested on synthetic and real micro-CT images of rocks.

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