Geopolítica do conhecimento e da informação: semiperiferia e estratégias de desenvolvimento | Geopolitics of knowledge and information: the semiperiphery and development strategies

Resumo Este artigo é fruto dos debates e reflexões vinculados à preparação e realização da mesa “Geopolítica da informação e do conhecimento e suas implicações nas estratégias de desenvolvimento” no Seminário “Desenvolvimento em Questão: que sociedade da informação e do conhecimento?”, realizado no Rio de Janeiro, em setembro de 2006. A partir das três intervenções ocorridas durante o evento e dos debates que se seguiram, são abordados os temas relativos às desigualdades (no âmbito social, organizacional e territorial) no acesso a informações e conhecimentos estratégicos e desigualdades na capacidade de inovação e aprendizado. São debatidas, ainda, as novas formas de apropriação e privatização de conhecimentos estratégicos e, também, os requisitos para as políticas de C&T e sua relação com o desenvolvimento. O conjunto de questões levantado a partir das exposições foi bastante rico e seu eixo principal girou em torno das dificuldades envolvidas nos processos de comercialização da C&T, das vantagens e desvantagens da concentração da produção do conhecimento científico e da importância de políticas voltadas à resolução dos problemas ocasionados pela concentração demasiada. O grande consenso foi sobre a necessidade da formulação e implementação de políticas adequadas às peculiaridades nacionais e locais. Outro tema abordado foi o das tecnologias convencionais e tecnologias sociais e sua aplicação em diferentes contextosPalavras-chave: Geopolítica do conhecimento e da informação; desenvolvimento; ciência e tecnologia; inovação social, tecnologias sociais, comercialização de C&T Abstract This article is based on the debate and reflexions on the round-table “Geopolitics of information and knowledge” in the Seminar “Development in Question: what information or knowledge society?” (2006). The main issues discussed are inequalities (social, organizational and territorial) in the access to information and strategic knowledge and in the capacity for learning and innovation; the new forms of appropriation and privatization of strategic knowledge; and the needs of S&T policies and how they relate to development. These issues generated a rich debate around the themes of the difficulties involved in the processes of commercialization of S&T, advantages and disadvantages of the concentration of scientific knowledge production, and the importance of policies addressing the problems caused by its excessive concentration. There was a consensus on the necessity of formulating and implementing policies appropriate to local and national peculiarities. Another issu addressed was that of conventional technologies as well as of social technologies and their possible applications in different contexts. Keywords Geopolitics of knowledge and information; development; science and technology; social innovation; social technologies; commercialization of S&T

Download Full-text

Managing challenges and cultivating collaborations in Indonesia's knowledge society

10.31219/osf.io/p8dxf ◽

2017 ◽

Author(s):

Farah Purwaningrum

Keyword(s):

East Asia ◽

Scientific Knowledge ◽

Knowledge Production ◽

Knowledge Society ◽

Macro Level ◽

South East Asia ◽

Qualitative Investigation ◽

Documentary Analysis ◽

Scientific Knowledge Production ◽

Micro Level

AbstractThe transition to a knowledge society in South East Asia since the 1970s has produced differing effects in Singapore, Malaysia and Indonesia. The paper explores the challenges and existing collaborations of Indonesia's knowledge society. On the basis of a qualitative investigation based on interviews with 18 policymakers in Indonesia, observations from eight meetings and documentary analysis from 2011 to 2016, the paper sheds light on the historical, structural and scientisation problems encountered by Indonesia's knowledge society. This includes the challenges that academia faces in scientific knowledge production at the micro level and macro level. Further, the analysis suggests that existing collaborations between different governmental levels and academia are based on trust and friendship rather than scientific pursuits. Also, collaboration between industry and academia is likely to occur when the industry acts as an initiator. The author contends that for a knowledge society to materialise in Indonesia, challenges need to be managed and certain collaborations that nurture scientific knowledge production need to be cultivated.

Download Full-text

Active Coeliac: Disassembling Gluten and Coeliac Disease

Somatechnics ◽

10.3366/soma.2019.0279 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (2-3) ◽

pp. 188-205

Author(s):

Sofia Varino

Keyword(s):

Coeliac Disease ◽

Knowledge Production ◽

Food Additive ◽

Gluten Free ◽

Biomedical Knowledge ◽

Dietary Practices ◽

Object A ◽

Scientific Knowledge Production ◽

New Materialisms

This article follows the trajectories of gluten in the context of Coeliac disease as a gastrointestinal condition managed by lifelong adherence to a gluten-free diet. Oriented by the concept of gluten as an actant (Latour), I engage in an analysis of gluten as a participant in volatile relations of consumption, contact, and contamination across coeliac eating. I ask questions about biomedical knowledge production in the context of everyday dietary practices alongside two current scientific research projects developing gluten-degrading enzymes and gluten-free wheat crops. Following the new materialisms of theorists like Elizabeth A. Wilson, Jane Bennett, Donna Haraway and Bruno Latour, I approach gluten as an alloy, an impure object, a hybrid assemblage with self-organizing and disorganizing capacity, not entirely peptide chain nor food additive, not only allergen but also the chewy, sticky substance that gives pizza dough its elastic, malleable consistency. Tracing the trajectories of gluten, this article is a case study of the tricky, slippery capacity of matter to participate in processes of scientific knowledge production.

Download Full-text

Appropriateness of Standard Accounting Tools in Measuring Social Innovation in the New Global Economy

Handbook of Research on Creating Sustainable Value in the Global Economy - Advances in Finance, Accounting, and Economics ◽

10.4018/978-1-7998-1196-1.ch019 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 332-348

Author(s):

Sanja Franc ◽

Mirjana Hladika

Keyword(s):

Global Economy ◽

Social Innovation ◽

Well Being ◽

Social Needs ◽

Future Research ◽

Advantages And Disadvantages ◽

The Third ◽

New Approaches ◽

Research Perspectives ◽

Social Innovations

The global economy brings about new trends, challenges, and needs, which require new solutions. Social innovations can have a major role in satisfying unmet social needs and increasing overall well-being. Measuring social innovation is therefore an important task with the purpose of informing the stakeholders about the performance value that an innovation creates. Standard accounting tools often neglect social or environmental impact, and thus, new or adjusted methods need to be developed. The objective of this chapter is to analyze methods of measuring social innovation and discuss advantages and disadvantages of traditional measures versus new approaches with the purpose of better understanding the significance of social innovation in the global economy. The chapter consists of six parts. After the introduction follows the literature review. The third part of the chapter discusses different approaches to measuring innovations while the fourth part suggests some new approaches to measuring social innovations. The fifth part describes future research perspectives. The final part is the conclusion.

Download Full-text

Influence of copyright exceptions and limitations on access to information in Kenya, Ghana and Uganda libraries

Library Management ◽

10.1108/lm-03-2020-0052 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 41 (6/7) ◽

pp. 565-577

Author(s):

Magdaline Wanjiru Mungai ◽

Selikem Sebuava Dorvlo ◽

Asaph Nuwagirya ◽

Marlene Holmner

Keyword(s):

Best Practices ◽

Design Methodology ◽

Information Access ◽

Empirical Literature ◽

Access To Information ◽

Content Type ◽

Advantages And Disadvantages ◽

Depth Analysis ◽

Exceptions And Limitations ◽

Improve Access

PurposeCopyright exceptions promote access to information by users without breaching copyright. This research paper reviews copyright exceptions in Kenya, Ghana and Uganda and how they influence access to information in libraries. Objectives were to find out the implications of copyright exceptions in Kenya, Ghana and Uganda; advantages and disadvantages of copyright exceptions for libraries; and recommend best practices of copyright exceptions.Design/methodology/approachThis is a desktop research reviewing empirical literature and incorporating authors' experiential knowledge in their information profession. Authors have interrogated copyright exceptions in their home countries' copyright acts, policy documents and peer-reviewed articles on copyright and information access. They analysed the documents as stated to deduce key recommendations regarding ideal copyright exceptions.FindingsThe study established that copyright exceptions do not always improve access as intended because they are inadequate, ignoring key library functions. Major inconsistencies exist in the exceptions in these countries; key terminologies have not been defined; and the concept is not well understood. Librarians lack sufficient knowledge on exceptions, hence lack self-efficacy in educating users. Kenya, Ghana and Uganda should improve and harmonize their copyright acts to cover key library functions.Originality/valueThis study provides in-depth analysis of historical and modern practices of copyright exceptions in the three countries revealing useful comparative insights. Previous studies looked at the issues from individual countries perspective.

Download Full-text

On the Biomedical Elite: Inequality and Stasis in Scientific Knowledge Production

SSRN Electronic Journal ◽

10.2139/ssrn.3000628 ◽

2017 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Yarden Katz ◽

Ulrich Matter

Keyword(s):

Scientific Knowledge ◽

Knowledge Production ◽

Scientific Knowledge Production

Download Full-text

Strategic Knowledge Production in the New Millennium: The Linguist's Challenge

Language Matters ◽

10.1080/10228199908566140 ◽

1999 ◽

Vol 30 (1) ◽

pp. 9-13

Author(s):

Chris Swanepoel

Keyword(s):

Knowledge Production ◽

Strategic Knowledge ◽

New Millennium

Download Full-text

Social Innovation: A New Paradigm Of Innovation Outcome Strategy In The Context Of Strategic Knowledge Management Processes

Sains Humanika ◽

10.11113/sh.v8n4-2.1058 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 8 (4-2) ◽

Author(s):

Muhamad Nizam Jali ◽

Zakaria Abas ◽

Ahmad Shabudin Ariffin

Keyword(s):

Economic Growth ◽

Knowledge Management ◽

Social Innovation ◽

Social Economic ◽

Strategic Knowledge ◽

New Paradigm ◽

Technological Advances ◽

Management Processes ◽

Strategic Knowledge Management ◽

Knowledge Management Processes

The current knowledge-innovation led economy requires a new paradigm of innovation to address critical issues, among others, namely: poor social health, poor living conditions, poor education systems, public income inequality, massive unemployment, poor economic growth and lack of new technological advances. Thus this paper explores the concept of social innovation in the context of strategic knowledge management processes. This paper suggested that social innovation is an outstanding solution in addressing social, economic and technological issues highlighted above, because the outcome of social innovation encompasses social, economic and technological payoffs concurrently. Strategic knowledge management processes, creates superior knowledge resource that is regarded as a new and novel solution that can be embedded into products, processes and services which in turn leads to the outcome of improving the quality of people’s life, stimulate economic growth and enhance technological advances i.e. social innovation. The old paradigm of innovation that refers to technological innovation is seen inadequate and obsolete in dealing with aforesaid social, economic and technological issues because it is very much focused and centred in fulfilling private needs. Therefore, social innovation and strategic knowledge management processes must be seriously considered by the policy makers, private sectors and also public institutions given the massive contribution that it might bring forward to many nations’ core aspirations.

Download Full-text