scholarly journals Staging the Social Drama of Work: Ethnography of a Theater Company as a Means of Analyzing Theater Activity

2022 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 78-99
Author(s):  
Celia Bense Ferreira Alves
Keyword(s):  
Social Organization ◽  
Division Of Labor ◽  
Social Roles ◽  
Ethnographic Study ◽  
Central Group ◽  
The Core ◽  
Collective Activity ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Aesthetic ◽  
Service Relationship

This paper shows how conducting the ethnographic study of a theater hall and company can help define theater activity. Once the aesthetic of the social organization is set apart from the proper division of labor, theater appears as a collective activity which requires the cooperation of eight groups playing different social roles. The cooperation modes rest on a meshing of direct or indirect services for the actors who carry out the core task of performing. This specific organization of work around a central group is what makes the activity artistic. Simultaneously, the service relation offers the possibility for some categories to bring their relationship with actors closer to a state of symmetry and sometimes reverse asymmetry. As a status enhancing opportunity, service relationship for actors also directly or indirectly provide the grounds for participant commitment and thus guarantee long-lasting operation for the theatrical organization.

The Complexity of Non-Violence Action

2016 ◽  
pp. 63-75
Author(s):  
Carlos Eduardo Maldonado
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Social Organization ◽  
Population Biology ◽  
Foreseeable Future ◽  
Political Dimension ◽  
Complex Organism ◽  
The Core ◽  
The Social ◽  
Violent Action ◽  
Political Understanding

This chapter claims that non-violent action corresponds to a political dimension in which society has become a magnificent complex organism. Moreover, non-violent action corresponds to the phase of highest complexity in a social organization. Examples are provided ranging from ecology to population biology, from ethology to swarm intelligence. At the end, several conclusions are drawn that shed new lights on the social, cultural, and political understanding of our world and to the foreseeable future. The study of non-violent action provides sufficient arguments that allow the distinction between “politics” and “policy”, i.e. “policies”, so much so that politics is highlighted as a highest and most significant dimension of the human experience, and policies are then considered as secondary or lower. The human rights provide the ground for the understanding and comprehension of non-violent actions. In the core of the text a topology of non-violent actions is provided along with its explanation.

Social Organization of Science

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Carrier
Keyword(s):  
Social Organization ◽  
Philosophy Of Science ◽  
Scientific Knowledge ◽  
Social Epistemology ◽  
Social Roles ◽  
Scientific Communities ◽  
Science Section ◽  
The Social ◽  
Organization Of Science ◽  
Knowledge Claims

The social organization of science as a topic of philosophy of science mostly concerns the question of which kinds of social organization are most beneficial to the epistemic aspirations of science. Section 1 addresses the interaction among scientists for improving epistemic qualities of knowledge claims in contrast to the mere accumulation of contributions from several scientists. Section 2 deals with the principles that are supposed to organize this interaction among scientists such that well-tested and well-confirmed knowledge is produced. Section 3 outlines what is supposed to glue scientific communities together and how society at large is assumed to affect the social organization of these communities. Section 4 attends to social epistemology (i.e., to attempts to explore the influence of social roles and characteristics on the system of scientific knowledge and confirmation practices).

The Social Organization of Sexual Assault

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 139-163 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shamus Khan ◽  
Joss Greene ◽  
Claude Ann Mellins ◽  
Jennifer S. Hirsch
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Assault ◽  
Social Organization ◽  
Ecological Model ◽  
Data Sources ◽  
Research Directions ◽  
The Core ◽  
Single Dimension ◽  
Multiple Dimensions ◽  
The Social ◽  
Research Findings

In this review, we provide an overview of the literature on sexual assault. First, we define sexual assault, noting its multiple dimensions and the consequences for operationalization—including reviewing strategies for such operationalization. Second, we outline different approaches to sexual assault, critically assessing those frameworks that rely upon a model of sociopathy; instead, we propose focusing on more sociological and ecological understandings that push beyond the single dimension of gender and the framework of gender and power. Third, we outline the range of data sources that have been used to generate insights into sexual assault. Fourth, we provide the core research findings of the field, which at times are contradictory, mapping them to our ecological model of individual, relational, organizational, and cultural levels. We then review the evidence around those interventions that have been successful in addressing sexual assault (and those that have been unsuccessful) before concluding with suggestions for further research directions.

scholarly journals Engineering a Platform: Constructing Interfaces, Users, Organizational Roles, and the Division of Labor

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shreeharsh Kelkar
Keyword(s):  
Division Of Labor ◽  
Algorithm Design ◽  
Ethnographic Study ◽  
Communication Studies ◽  
Large Power ◽  
The Social ◽  
Organizational Roles ◽  
Media And Communication

Internet “platforms” like Facebook and YouTube often avoid accountability and regulation by claiming that they are mere software infrastructures with little oversight over their users. Scholars in media and communication studies have shown that these platform companies’ control over interface and algorithm design,gives them a disproportionately large power, compared to their users, to fundamentally reshape politically salient categories like the “social” or the “innovative.” This paper argues that this power of platforms stems from their ability to shape organizational roles and the division of labor. Based on an ethnographic study of the edX organization, I describe how the architects at edX transformed it from an educational company into a platform by building digital interfaces and formatting multiple organizational roles (their own, those of their “users”) to engineer a dichotomy between “software” and “education.” I suggest that platform studies should expand its concept of governance to include the socio-technical-discursive work of engineering organizational roles and the division of labor.

The Complexity of Non-Violence Action

2016 ◽  
pp. 293-306
Author(s):  
Carlos Eduardo Maldonado
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Social Organization ◽  
Population Biology ◽  
Foreseeable Future ◽  
Political Dimension ◽  
Complex Organism ◽  
The Core ◽  
The Social ◽  
Violent Action ◽  
Political Understanding

This chapter claims that non-violent action corresponds to a political dimension in which society has become a magnificent complex organism. Moreover, non-violent action corresponds to the phase of highest complexity in a social organization. Examples are provided ranging from ecology to population biology, from ethology to swarm intelligence. At the end, several conclusions are drawn that shed new lights on the social, cultural, and political understanding of our world and to the foreseeable future. The study of non-violent action provides sufficient arguments that allow the distinction between “politics” and “policy”, i.e. “policies”, so much so that politics is highlighted as a highest and most significant dimension of the human experience, and policies are then considered as secondary or lower. The human rights provide the ground for the understanding and comprehension of non-violent actions. In the core of the text a topology of non-violent actions is provided along with its explanation.

scholarly journals Engineering a platform: The construction of interfaces, users, organizational roles, and the division of labor

2017 ◽  
Vol 20 (7) ◽  
pp. 2629-2646 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shreeharsh Kelkar
Keyword(s):  
Division Of Labor ◽  
Algorithm Design ◽  
Ethnographic Study ◽  
Communication Studies ◽  
Large Power ◽  
The Social ◽  
Organizational Roles ◽  
Media And Communication

Internet “platforms” like Facebook and YouTube often avoid accountability and regulation by claiming that they are mere software infrastructures with little oversight over their users. Scholars in media and communication studies have shown that these platform companies’ control over interface and algorithm design gives them a disproportionately large power, compared to their users, to fundamentally reshape politically salient categories like the “social” or the “innovative.” This article argues that this power of platforms stems from their ability to shape organizational roles and the division of labor. Based on an ethnographic study of the edX organization, I describe how the architects at edX transformed it from an educational company into a platform by building digital interfaces and formatting multiple organizational roles (their own, those of their “users”) to engineer a dichotomy between “software” and “education.” I suggest that platform studies should expand its concept of governance to include the socio-technical-discursive work of engineering organizational roles and the division of labor.

scholarly journals DISKURSUS KALENDER HIJRIYAH GLOBAL PASCA KONGRES ISTAMBUL TURKI 2016

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nihayatur Rohmah
Keyword(s):  
Social Organization ◽  
The Other ◽  
Economic Interests ◽  
The Past ◽  
Collective Activity ◽  
The Social ◽  
Important People ◽  
New Moon

;  In May 2016, Muslims from several countries held the International Hijri Calendar Unity Congress in Istanbul Turkey. At the end of the congress, the result of the voting concluded and published the single calendar system (singular calendar) based on the visibility of the new moon. Calendar is an expression of the collective activity of the rhythm and reflects the resilience and the strength of a civilization. So the existence of the calendar is accurate and consistent as an civilization imperative and is a prerequisite for a civilization to exist and thrive. The characteristic of the revival civilization is when the civilization was able to answer the challenges of the past. Civilization is a mechanism in the social organization, so there is no problem that can not be settled or compromised unless the issue by political or economic interests. There is no difference with the other calendar, the Islamic calendar is a reality that issued by a handful of elite (read: the ruling group of important people in the community). A public position in the affinity people are consumers of course-and practice-calendar produced by their elite. The feature of Hijrah calendar in a country is a clear reflection of the particulars of their elites. Hijrah calendar unity is nothing but a fruit of the unity of authority, and the authority here is Ulil Amri.

scholarly journals Duties and Responsibilities

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisa Sousa
Keyword(s):  
Social Organization ◽  
Division Of Labor ◽  
Daily Basis ◽  
Community Leaders ◽  
Women's Roles ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
The Core ◽  
Money Economy ◽  
Gendered Division Of Labor ◽  
Women’S Roles

Chapter 7 addresses the gendered division of labor at the household and community levels. The chapter examines women’s roles as weavers, craftpersons, producers of food and beverages, midwives and healers, community leaders, merchants, and agriculturalists. Chapter 7 challenges the gendering of “public” and “private” space that is implied in prescriptive texts by showing that women’s duties took them out of the household on a daily basis, and that men, especially craftsmen, frequently worked within the home. It also considers how increasing Spanish demands for labor and tribute and the development of a money economy shaped women’s roles and status. The chapter argues that, in examining various facets of women’s work, it becomes evident that Spanish policies contributed to the slow erosion in women’s status overtime. But Spanish pressures did not fully succeed, for underlying concepts of gender parallelism and complementarity were at the core of social organization and household relations.

Examining the Social Organization Practices of Cybercriminals in the Netherlands Online and Offline

2019 ◽  
Vol 64 (5) ◽  
pp. 522-538
Author(s):  
E. R. Leukfeldt ◽  
Thomas J. Holt
Keyword(s):  
The Netherlands ◽  
Qualitative Analysis ◽  
Social Organization ◽  
Division Of Labor ◽  
The Social ◽  
Formal Organizations ◽  
Extended Duration ◽  
Over Time

This study focuses on the organization practices of networks of cybercriminals engaged in serious financial offenses, through a qualitative analysis of the Best and Luckenbill’s sociological framework. The study utilized data collected regarding 18 separate criminals investigations from the Netherlands. The results demonstrate that the participants within these networks operated at various stages of deviant sophistication. Surprisingly, the majority of networks exhibit organizational sophistication based on their division of labor and extended duration over time. In fact, most of this sample could be classified as “teams” or “formal organizations.” Furthermore, in contrast with prior studies, no loners were present and only a few networks could be classified as “colleagues” or “peers.”

Political Economy, Sexuality, and Intimacy

2019 ◽  
pp. 29-42
Author(s):  
Barry Adam
Keyword(s):  
Political Economy ◽  
Social Organization ◽  
Division Of Labor ◽  
Personal Relationships ◽  
Success Strategies ◽  
Same Sex ◽  
The Social ◽  
Lgbt People ◽  
And Gender ◽  
North And South

This chapter explores how political economy shapes the social organization of sexuality and intimacy, in particular, modern formations of LGBT people. Political economy affects sexuality at three broad levels: (1) through the articulation of kinship and gender with the division of labor, it creates both openings and limits to same-sex relationships; (2) through demands imposed on contemporary workers, citizens, and consumers by neoliberalism, markets influence norms of conduct and success strategies even in personal relationships; (3) political economy generates hierarchies of entitlement and exclusion which impact LGBT peoples and the social constituencies around them who construct them as symbols of progress or decline. Reviewing both historical and anthropological evidence and the growing international divide between LGBT-affirming and repressing countries, the chapter contextualizes current contentions about the rise of homonationalism in a larger geopolitics of north and south.

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