scholarly journals Evaluation of Salinity Tolerant Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Genotypes through Multivariate Analysis of Agronomic Traits

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tahmidul Ashik ◽  
Md. Moshiul Islam ◽  
Md. Sohel Rana ◽  
Khurshida Jahan ◽  
Tahmina Akter Urmi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Arable Land ◽  
Winter Season ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Yield Reduction ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Thousand Seed Weight

Background: Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is the second major global cereals mostly grown in winter season which led wheat plants to suffer with salinity stress. Twenty to thirty percent of the arable land of the world is present in the saline area. Therefore, it is necessary to develop salinity tolerant wheat varieties to meet the future food demand. Methods: A field experiment was carried out during November 2018 to March 2019 to observe the effect of salinity on yield and other desired plant characters and finally screening of wheat genotypes for salinity tolerance. The experiment was laid out in a complete randomized design containing three treatments with three replications. The treatments were three levels of salinity such as control, 8 dS m-1 and 15 dS m-1. Multivariate and principal components analysis was executed to evaluate yield and other plant characters. Result: The results of the experiment revealed that different plant characters showed wide range of variation under different salinity levels. Biplot analysis considering PC1 and PC2 revealed that grain yield was positively correlated with grain spike-1, spike length, thousand seed weight and total tiller plant-1. Correlation study also revealed that total tiller plant-1, spikelet spike-1, grain spike-1 and thousand seed weight showed significant and positive relation with grain yield plant-1. On the basis of yield reduction percent and yield the genotypes G12 (2.51 g), G16 (2.49 g) and G4 (2.19 g) were found suitable for 15 dS m-1 salinity.

scholarly journals Genetic variation of several bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) genotypes based on some morphological traits

2014 ◽  
Vol 69 (1) ◽  
pp. 44-54
Author(s):  
NASER SABAGHNIA ◽  
MOHSEN JANMOHAMMADI ◽  
ADEL BASHIRI ◽  
REZA ASGHARI-SHIRGHAN
Keyword(s):  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Bread Wheat ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Grain Number ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Thousand Seed Weight

The genetic diversity among 56 bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) genotypes was evaluated by 18 agronomical traits in the experimental field at Maragheh, Iran. Significant differences among bread wheat genotypes in all of the measured traits i.e. stem diameter, plant height, leaf number, leaf length, leaf width, tiller number, internode length, peduncle length, spike length, floret number, spikelet number, grain number, length of awn, grain diameter, grain length, the number of days to flowering, thousand seed weight and grain yield. The coefficient of variation (CV) was high for grain yield (25.61%), number of tillers per plant (22.06%) and number of grains per spike (21.45). The other remaining traits recorded moderate to low CV estimates from 14.30% in grain number per spike to 4.81% in days to flowering. The largest thousand seed weight was 45.93 g, the lowest thousand seed weight was 26.16 g and the mean thousand seed weight was 37.85 g. The mean performance of grain yield was 5031.2 kg ha-1, the minimum grain yield was 2835.0 kg ha-1 and the maximum grain yield was 7125.3 kg ha-1. Ward’s minimum variance cluster analysis based on squared Euclidian distance on the raw data of 18 agronomic traits clearly separated five clusters. In general, cluster analysis of the 56 genotypes based on the selected agronomic traits was consistent with known information. Our plant materials could be important germplasm resources for enriching the genetic background of commercial cultivars. Such genetic differences of bread wheat traits studied in this investigation can be applied as a new source of variation in other breeding programs and crossing nurseries in breeding program

scholarly journals Evaluating Performance of Sesame (Sesamum indicumL.) Genotypes in Different Growing Seasons in Northern Ethiopia

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fiseha Baraki ◽  
Muez Berhe
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Northern Ethiopia ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
Thousand Seed Weight

Ethiopia is one of the famous and major producers of sesame in sub-Saharan Africa, and Ethiopian sesame is among the highest quality in the world. The experiment was conducted in Northern Ethiopia for three growing seasons (2013–2015) under a rain fed condition with the objective of identifying high-yielding genotypes and their agronomic traits. The experiment consisted of twelve genotypes laid down in randomized complete block design with three replications. The genotype, year, and genotype × year interaction components showed statistically highly significant variation (p<0.001) for most of the agronomic traits which clearly confirms the presence of genotype × year interaction in this study. The highest combined mean grain yield (906.3 kg/ha) was obtained from Hirhir followed by Serkamo white (756.5 kg/ha), and from the three growing seasons, the highest grain yield (1161.5 kg/ha) was recorded from Hirhir grown in the second growing season (2014). The growing seasons were different from one another in allowing the genotypes to have a different performance, and all of the agronomic traits, except thousand seed weight, were statistically different across the three growing seasons. In the ordination of the genotypes and agronomic traits, PCA1, which accounted for 38.3% of the variation, was positively associated with grain yield, branches per plant, length of the pod-bearing zone, plant height, number of pods per plant, number of seeds per pod, and thousand seed weight. On the contrary, PCA2, which accounted for 19.7% of the variation, was positively associated with days to 50% flowering and days to 50% maturity.

scholarly journals On-farm Demonstration of Improved of Faba Bean (Vicia faba L.) Highlands of Southwestern, Ethiopia

2020 ◽  
pp. 7-17
Author(s):  
Mesfin Hailemariam ◽  
Mohammed Assen
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Harvest Index ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Women Farmers ◽  
Local Variety ◽  
Southwestern Ethiopia ◽  
Thousand Seed Weight

Participatory pre-extension demonstration was taken in Dedo and Bedele woreda, in Jimma and Buno Bedele zone in two kebeles each in 2018 main cropping season. Data were collected 100 plants from the demonstration plots. From this study, the performance of three improved fababean and one local variety collected from the areas serves as a check were tested in 11 farmers demonstration plots in two districts of southwestern Ethiopia. From the agronomic traits includes: Days to flowering, days to maturity, plant height (cm), harvest index (%), 1000 seed weight and yield and yield Mean grain yield of the tested varieties ranged from 2200 Kg/ha for local variety, to 4370 Kg/ha for Dosha with overall mean value of 3450 Kg/ha. In addition, the highest agronomic performance was recorded for most agronomic traits. In terms of thousand seed weight, the variety Tumsa (805.80 g) score the highest next to Gora (896.60 g).The farmers preference selection and three development agents, 8 men and 5 women farmers evaluated the trial using plant earliness, biomass, seed size, number of branches per plant, plant height and the disease reaction are used as a criteria to select promising varieties Tumsa (23.00), Dosha (16.94) and Gora (16.83) scored up to three highest values, respectively. The lowest (8.96) was scored for the local variety. From agronomic data at two districts in participation of farmers, Dosha, Gora, Tumsa and local variety fababean varieties were given superior in grain yield respectively. The study also showed that Dosha superior in other agronomic traits except thousand seed weight and harvest index. From the farmer’s preference Tumsa, Dosha, Gora and local variety ranks up to fourth. Therefore, all the three improved varieties with their agronomic packages selected by farmers are recommended for Dedo and Bedele districts Southwestern Ethiopia and similar highland agro ecology.

Genotype×environment interaction for wheat yield in different drought stress conditions and agronomic traits suitable for selection

2008 ◽  
Vol 59 (6) ◽  
pp. 536 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dejan Dodig ◽  
Miroslav Zoric ◽  
Desimir Knezevic ◽  
Stephen R. King ◽  
Gordana Surlan-Momirovic
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Wheat Yield ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Stress Conditions ◽  
Drought Indices ◽  
Yield Reduction ◽  
Total Biomass ◽  
Environment Interaction ◽  
Predicting Performance

Wheat cultivars grown in south-eastern Europe are exposed to variable rainfed environments. Climate change predictions indicate that the frequency of dry years will likely increase in the future. This study examined relationships among agronomic traits and some drought indices with grain yield as influenced by genotype and environment. In a 4-year experiment, 100 cultivars and landraces of bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) from different countries were tested under 3 watering regimes: fully irrigated, rainfed, and in a rain-out plot shelter. Three selection indices, mean productivity (MP), tolerance (TOL), and stress susceptibility index (SSI), were calculated based on grain yield in irrigated and drought-stressed conditions. The additive main effects and multiplicative interaction (AMMI) models were used to study the genotype × environment effects. Average yield reduction due to drought in the sheltered plots was 37.5%. High-yielding genotypes in each treatment showed high values of MP and high rank for SSI and, particularly, TOL. Conversely, low-yielding genotypes in each treatment had low values of MP and high drought tolerance according to SSI and TOL (i.e. low ranks). MP values were noted as being particularly well suited for predicting performance in this experiment. Total biomass and early vigour were found to be the most important agronomic traits for selecting high-yielding genotypes in a range of stress and non-stress conditions.

Infinity hard red spring wheat

2006 ◽  
Vol 86 (3) ◽  
pp. 737-742 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. M. DePauw ◽  
R. E. Knox ◽  
F. R. Clarke ◽  
T. N. McCaig ◽  
J. M. Clarke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Advisory Council ◽  
Grain Protein ◽  
Head Blight ◽  
Hard Red Spring Wheat ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Moderate Resistance

Infinity hard red spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) has exhibited adaptation to a wide range of growing season temperatures and moisture availability. Infinity averaged significantly more grain yield than most other presently registered cultivars, and its grain protein concentration was significantly higher than that of Superb in the Saskatchewan Advisory Council trials. It matured significantly earlier than Superb. The straw length and strength, and volume weight of Infinity was intermediate to the check cultivars. Its seed size was smaller than that of AC Barrie and Superb. Infinity expressed resistance to prevalent races of stem rust and loose smut, moderate resistance to leaf rust and common bunt, and susceptibility to fusarium head blight. Infinity is eligible for all grades of the Canada Western Red Spring (CWRS) wheat class. Key words: Triticum aestivum L., cultivar description, adaptation, grain yield, grain protein, disease resistance

scholarly journals Genetic analysis for various yield components and gluten content in bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 879-882
Author(s):  
Sandeep Kumar ◽  
Pradeep Kumar ◽  
S. A. Kerkhi
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Genetic Analysis ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Bread Wheat ◽  
Coefficient Of Variation ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Gluten Content ◽  
Diallel Mating Design ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Positive Direct

Genetic analysis was carried out in 55 genotypes (10 parents and 45 F1s) through diallel mating design excluding reciprocals in bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Analysis of variance showed wide range of variability among the breeding material for all the traits under study. The highest value of phenotypic coefficient of variation (PCV) and genotypic coefficient of variation (GCV) were recorded for grain yield (PCV= 9.07 and GCV= 8.08). Highest heritability with genetic advance was recorded for grain yield (h2=10.60 and GA=14.84), therefore selection will be effective based on grain yield for further study. Grains per spike (gr = 0.77 and pr = 0.67) and spikelets per spike (gr= 0.63 and pr = 0.52) were found significantly correlated (at <1 % level of significance) with grain yield whereas gluten content showed nonsignificant but positive correlation with grain yield at both genotypic as well as phenotypic level. Similarly, path coefficient analysis estimates for gluten content (g= 0.08 and p= 0.03) and grains per spike (g=0.36 and p=0.23) showed high positive direct effects on grain yield therefore these traits may be used as an index for selection to high yield in bread wheat genotypes.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the 3rd Generation of Backcrosses and its Parents of Two Bread Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Cultivars for Salt Tolerance

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Bread Wheat ◽  
Field Condition ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Genotypic Variation ◽  
Winter Season ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Two Generations

A field experiment was conducted during the winter season of 2017-2018 at the Center of Plant Breeding and Genetics, AlTuwaitha Research Station (30km southeast of Baghdad) to evaluate the performance of two bread wheat genotypes at the 3rd back cross generation with their parents, cv. Furait , Baraka and Iraq under saline field condition (12 dSm-1). The objective of this study was to evaluate the beneficial effects of different back crosses and its parents in targeted field condition, on grain yield and its components of bread wheat. Results showed that the two generations of (Furait x Baraka) and (Furait x Iraq) were significantly exceeded their parents and gave the highest values of spikes m-2 (207.0 , 196.3), grain spike-1 ( 37.0, 39.0), 1000 seed weight (34.3, 33.3g ) and grain yield m-2 (244.4, 242.7g), respectively. Phenotypic variation and the percentage of broad sense heritability for plant height, tillers m-2, grains spike-1, 1000 seed weight and grain yield m-2 were highest compared with the value of environmental variation, and emphasized the important of genotypic variation and the ability to improve the desirable quantitative traits and reflects the high percentage of heritability.

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