The effects of weed density and different weed control applications on yield and yield components of chickpea cultivars

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melih Yilar Omer Sozen ◽  
Ufuk Karadavut
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Weed Management ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Control Method ◽  
Herbicide Application ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
Control Applications ◽  
Weed Density ◽  
Yield And Yield Components ◽  
Plot Design

This study was conducted to determine the effects of weed density and different weed control treatments on chickpea yield and yield components. The experiment was carried out in split plot design with 3 replications in experimental fields of Kirsehir Ahi Evran University during 2016 and 2017 crop seasons. Total nine treatments (no weed control, permanent weed control, one-time hoeing, two-time hoeing, three-time hoeing, herbicide application after emergence, one-time hoeing with herbicide application, two-time hoeing with herbicide application and three-time hoeing with herbicide application) were compared to know the most effective weed control method. Vaccaria pyramidata Medik., Sinapis arvensis L., Acroptilon repens L. weed species were found to be the most intense in the experimental area. All weed control applications had significant effect on chickpea yield and yield components compared to weedy plots. Three-time hoeing with herbicide application increased the yield by 361.55-478.50% compared to weedy plots. Likewise, three-time hoeing application even increased the yield by 348.50-357.09% compared to weedy plots. The results revealed that three-time hoeing with herbicide and three-time hoeing applications stood out in weed management to obtain a good yield in chickpea cultivation at Kirsehir province.

scholarly journals Effect of Variety and Weed Management Practices on Yield and Yield Attributes of Wheat

2013 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 91-96
Author(s):  
MR Sultana ◽  
MA Alim ◽  
MB Hossain ◽  
S Karmaker ◽  
MS Islam
Keyword(s):  
Natural Resources ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Weed Management ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Yield Attributes ◽  
Free Treatment ◽  
Yield And Yield Components ◽  
Hand Weeding ◽  
Plot Design

An experiment was conducted at Agronomy Field Laboratory of Rajshahi University to evaluate the effect of variety and weeding regime on yield and yield components of wheat. Four varieties viz. Prodip -V1, Gourab -V2, Shatabdi -V3, Bijoy -V4 and five weeding regime viz. a) No weeding -W0, b) Weed free -W1, c) One hand weeding at 20 DAS -W2, d) Two hand weeding (1st at 20 DAS and 2nd at 42 DAS) -W3 and e) Lintur 70 WG @ 250 g ha-1 -W4 were included as treatments in the experiment. The experiment was laid out in a Split-plot Design with three replications. The results revealed that Prodip produced the highest grain yield (5.33 t ha-1) followed by Gourab (4.85 t ha-1), while the lowest grain yield (3.98 t ha-1) was obtained from Shatabdi. The highest grain yield (5.09 t ha-1) was obtained in Weed free (W1) followed by W3 (Two hand weeding) (4.89 t ha-1) and the lowest grain yield (4.13 t ha-1) was obtained in no weeding treatment (W0). The highest grain yield (5.64 t ha-1) was obtained from the combination of Prodip and weed free treatment (V1W1) and the lowest (3.57 t ha-1) was obtained from the combination between Shatabdi and no weeding treatment (V4W0).DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jesnr.v5i2.14800 J. Environ. Sci. & Natural Resources, 5(2): 91-96 2012

Decision Rules for Postemergence Control of Pigweed (Amaranthusspp.) in Soybean (Glycine max)

Weed Science ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 126-132 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anita Dieleman ◽  
Allan S. Hamill ◽  
Glenn C. Fox ◽  
Clarence J. Swanton
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Weed Management ◽  
Economic Model ◽  
Yield Loss ◽  
Control Function ◽  
Decision Rules ◽  
Optimal Dose ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
Weed Density ◽  
Control Decision

Weed control decision rules were derived for the application of postemergence herbicides to control pigweed species in soybean. Field experiments were conducted at two locations in 1992 and 1993 to evaluate soybean-pigweed interference. A damage function was determined that related yield loss to time of pigweed emergence, density, and soybean weed-free yield. A control function described pigweed species response to variable doses of imazethapyr and thifensulfuron. The integration of these two functions formed the basis of an economic model used to derive two weed control decision rules, the biologist's “threshold weed density” and the economist's “optimal dose.” Time of weed emergence had a more significant role than weed density in the economic model. Later-emerging pigweed caused less yield loss and therefore, decision rules lead to overuse of herbicides if emergence time is not considered. The selected herbicide dose influenced the outcome of the control function. Depending on the desired level of weed control, a herbicide could be chosen to either eradicate the escaped weed species (label or biologically-effective doses) or reduce the growth of the weed species and thereby offset interference (optimal dose). The development of a biologically-effective dose by weed species matrix was recommended. Decision rules should not be utilized as an exclusive weed management strategy but rather as a component of an integrated weed management program.

Effect of weed management practices and organic sources of nitrogen supplementation on weed density and yield of wheat

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bhupesh Kumar Mishra ◽  
Santosh Pandey
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Weed Management ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Poultry Manure ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Control Methods ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
Weed Density ◽  
Hand Weeding

The different weed control methods (two hand weeding at 25 and 45 days after sowing (DAS) and one hand weeding at 25 DAS along with unweeded control ), organic sources of nitrogen (vermicompost, poultry manure, city manure and FYM) and their interaction were compared for their efficiency on various weed species and yield of wheat. Two hand weeding (W2) gave significantly maximum weed control. This was followed by one hand weeding at 25 DAS and control. These weed control methods significantly enhanced the yield and yield components of wheat. Among organic sources of nitrogen vermicompost (M1) recorded minimum weed density, weed dry weight and maximum yield, followed by poultry manure, city manure and FYM.

Effects of crop rotation and field management methods on weed density and species composition in the southeastern part of Latvia

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 235
Author(s):  
Jevgenija Ņečajeva ◽  
Zane Mintāle ◽  
Ieva Dudele ◽  
Anda Isoda-Krasovska ◽  
Jolanta Čūrišķe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Species Composition ◽  
Weed Control ◽  
Crop Rotation ◽  
Weed Management ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Integrated Weed Management ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
Southeastern Part ◽  
Weed Density ◽  
Field Management

<p class="R-AbstractKeywords"><span lang="EN-GB">Integrated weed management (IWM) is a complex approach to weed control that is based on use of several different methods complementing each other, instead of relying on one single method, like chemical weed control. Weed control methods that can be used as parts of IWM strategy include mechanical weed control, application of herbicides, low tillage, changes in the rate and application time of fertilizers, use of undersown crops and crop rotation. Weed surveys were carried out in 2013 and 2014 in the southeastern part of Latvia. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of crop rotation and other field management practices on weed density and weed species composition using the data collected in the surveys. Survey was carried out in the arable fields of conventional farms within four different size categories. One of the significant factors that explained the variation of weed composition within a field was a proportion of cereals in crop rotation within a four year period. Further surveys are required to estimate the effects of climatic variables. Density-dependence can also be important for practical management decisions for particular weed species and should be investigated.</span></p>

scholarly journals Integrated Weed Management in Potato Using Straw Mulch and Atrazine

2015 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 335-339 ◽  
Author(s):  
Makhan S. Bhullar ◽  
Simerjeet Kaur ◽  
Tarundeep Kaur ◽  
Amit J. Jhala
Keyword(s):  
Potato Tuber ◽  
Weed Control ◽  
Weed Management ◽  
Cyperus Rotundus ◽  
Integrated Weed Management ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
Purple Nutsedge ◽  
Common Lambsquarters ◽  
Weed Density ◽  
Straw Mulch

Potato (Solanum tuberosum) is one of four major food crops in the world. Weed control is a major component in potato production and has been accomplished using different methods, including but not limited to the use of herbicides and straw mulch. A combination of preemergence herbicide and straw mulch may improve weed control; however, no information is available for combining both methods, along with their effects on weed control, weed density, and potato tuber yields. The objective of this study was to evaluate weed control in potato using atrazine or straw mulch applied alone at different rates or in combination. A field experiment was conducted for 4 years from 2006 to 2010 in Ludhiana, Punjab, India. Common weeds included burclover (Medicago arabica), common lambsquarters (Chenopodium album), littleseed canarygrass (Phalaris minor), purple nutsedge (Cyperus rotundus), scarlet pimpernel (Anagallis arvensis), swinecress (Coronopus didymus), and toothed dock (Rumex dentatus). Results suggested that atrazine applied alone was not very effective and resulted in 0% to 78% control depending on the weed species being investigated at 30 days after treatment (DAT). Straw mulch applied alone at any rate provided ≥90% control of toothed dock, but control of other weed species was variable. A combination of atrazine and straw mulch at any rate usually resulted in >90% weed control at 30 DAT, except for swinecress and purple nutsedge. This treatment combination also resulted in weed density as low as 0 plant/m2 for common lambsquarters, scarlet pimpernel, and toothed dock. Potato tuber weight and yield was significantly higher in all treatments compared with untreated control without difference among them. It is concluded that a combination of straw mulch and atrazine can provide effective weed control in potato.

scholarly journals Herbicide based weed management in aromatic rice of Bangladesh

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-40
Author(s):  
AKM Mominul Islam ◽  
Md Azhiat-Ul Huq Hia ◽  
Shubroto Kumar Sarkar ◽  
Md Parvez Anwar
Keyword(s):  
Weed Management ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Aromatic Rice ◽  
Herbicide Application ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Weed Density ◽  
Free Treatment ◽  
Manual Weeding ◽  
Density And Biomass

Selection of appropriate weed management strategy helps reduce rice yield loss due to weeds. Despite some undesirable side-effects, no viable alternative is currently available to shift the chemical weed management in rice. However, time of herbicide application is very important with respect to its efficacy. Keeping in mind the inevitability of herbicidal weed control, the current study was designed to evaluate the response of selected aromatic fine rice varieties of Bangladesh to different herbicides based weed management practices compare to farmers’ practices. The experiment was conducted in a randomized complete block design with three replications. The experiment consisted of five aromatic rice varieties; Kalijira, BRRI dhan34, BRRI dhan37, BRRI dhan38 and Binadhan-13, and six different weed management practices comprising no weeding, weed free, mechanical + manual weeding, pre–emergence herbicide + manual weeding, post–emergence herbicide + manual weeding and pre– + post–emergence herbicide. Eleven weed species belonging to five families were observed in the experimental plots. Based on the summed dominance ratio (SDR), grassy weed species Echinochloa crusgalli (SDR of 30.7) was the most dominant species, whereas broadleaf weed Nymphaea nouchali (SDR of 0.83) was the least one. Among the weed control treatments, application of pre–+ post emergence herbicides offered the highest reduction in weed density and biomass at all sampling dates which resulted in minimum crop-weed competition facilitating improvement in the yield contributing characters and finally resulted in the highest grain yield (2.5 t ha−1) and harvest index (30.7%) next to the weed free treatment. The variety BRRI dhan38 gave the highest grain yield (3.4 t ha−1) due to the highest performance of the yield contributing characters among the varieties. In interaction, BRRI dhan38 with pre–+ post–emergence herbicide application gave the highest yield (3.4 t ha−1) apart from the weed free treatment. Being efficient in weed density and biomass reduction as well as the highest yield producer, sequential application of pre–and post–emergence herbicides may be recommended for effective weed management practices in BRRI dhan38J. Bangladesh Agril. Univ. 16(1): 31-40, April 2018

The effectiveness of flame weeding and cultivation on weed control, yield and yield components of organic soybean as influenced by manure application

2015 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 288-299 ◽  
Author(s):  
Strahinja Stepanovic ◽  
Avishek Datta ◽  
Brian Neilson ◽  
Chris Bruening ◽  
Charles Shapiro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Weed Management ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Leaf Growth ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Soybean Production ◽  
Crop Injury ◽  
Yield And Yield Components ◽  
Soybean Plants

AbstractPropane flaming in combination with cultivation could be a potential alternative tool for weed control in organic soybean production. Field experiments were conducted at the Haskell Agricultural Laboratory of the University of Nebraska-Lincoln (UNL), Concord, NE in 2010, 2011 and 2012 to determine the level of weed control and the response of soybean grain yield and its components to flaming and cultivation within two fertility regimes (FRs) (with and without manure) utilizing flaming equipment developed at the UNL. The treatments included: weed-free control, weedy season-long and different combinations of banded flaming (intra-row), broadcast flaming and mechanical cultivation (inter-row). The treatments were applied at VC (unfolded cotyledon) and V4–V5 (4-leaf–5-leaf) growth stages. Propane doses were 20 and 45 kg ha−1 for the banded and broadcast flaming treatments, respectively. The data were collected for visual ratings of crop injury and weed control at 7 and 28 days after treatment (DAT) at V4–V5 growth stages, weed dry matter at 60 DAT, crop yield and yield components. The annual application of 101 t ha−1 manure did not alter weed community or influence the effectiveness of weed management treatment; however, it decreased soybean yield by 0.25 t ha−1 through an increased weed biomass of 0.16 t ha−1. The weed-free control plots yielded 4.15 t ha−1. The combination of mechanical cultivation and banded flaming applied twice (at VC and V4–V5) was the best treatment resulting in 80–82% weed control and 6–9% crop injury at 28 DAT and 3.41–3.67 t ha−1 yield. Cultivation conducted twice provided only 19% weed control at 28 DAT and 1.75 t ha−1 yield. Soybean plants recovered well after all flaming treatments, with the exception of broadcast flaming conducted twice (28% crop injury at 28 DAT). Combining flaming with cultivation has a potential to effectively control weeds in organic soybean production across a range of FRs.

scholarly journals Integrated weed management in potato at Munshigonj

1970 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 647-654 ◽  
Author(s):  
ASA Khan ◽  
MA Hossain ◽  
AA Mahmud ◽  
MIA Howlader ◽  
MA Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Weed Management ◽  
Water Hyacinth ◽  
Tuber Yield ◽  
Control Method ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Chenopodium Album ◽  
Integrated Weed Management ◽  
Cost Ratio ◽  
Herbicide Application ◽  
Weed Species

A field experiment was carried out at the research farm of Tuber Crops Research Sub-station, Munshigonj of Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI) during rabi seasons of 2005-06 and 2006-07 to find out the effective and economical integrated weed control method in potato. Chenopodium album and Amaranthus viridis were the major weed species in potato field. Mulch (water hyacinth) along with herbicide application (Ronstar 25 EC @ 1 ml/L water) at 7 days after planting (DAP) was found most effective in controlling weed population (94 to 95%) upto 30 days of planting than that employed by only mulch (45 to 53%). The weeds were found to reduce tuber yield to the extent of 43 percent. Mulching plus herbicide spraying at 7 DAP followed by one time uprooting of weeds by hand at 25 DAP produced the highest tuber yield of 23.39 t/ha in 2005-06 and 29.58 t/ha in 2006-07 and it was most effective in controlling weeds as compared to unweeded and mulched plots. The highest net returns (Tk. 116141/ha in 2005-06 and Tk. 205646/ha in 2006-07) and maximum benefit cost ratio of 2.64 and 3.28 were noted with mulching by water hyacinth + herbicide application at 7 DAP + one time weed uprooting by hand at 25 DAP. Key Words: Weed management, mulching, herbicide, potato tuber yield. doi: 10.3329/bjar.v33i4.2309 Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 33(4) : 647-654, December 2008

Bio-efficacy of post emergence herbicides in boro rice nursery as well as main field and their residual effects on non-target microorganisms

2020 ◽  
Vol 57 (3) ◽  
pp. 199-210
Author(s):  
Rajib Kundu ◽  
Mousumi Mondal ◽  
Sourav Garai ◽  
Ramyajit Mondal ◽  
Ratneswar Poddar
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Weed Management ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Resistance Index ◽  
Residual Effects ◽  
Cost Ratio ◽  
Main Field ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
Similar Treatment

Field experiments were conducted at research farm of Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Kalyani, West Bengal, India (22°97' N latitude and 88°44' E longitude, 9.75 m above mean sea level) under natural weed infestations in boro season rice (nursery bed as well as main field) during 2017-18 and 2018-19 to evaluate the herbicidal effects on weed floras, yield, non-target soil organisms to optimize the herbicide use for sustainable rice-production. Seven weed control treatments including three doses of bispyribac-sodium 10% SC (150,200, and 250 ml ha-1), two doses of fenoxaprop-p-ethyl 9.3% EC (500 and 625 ml ha-1), one weed free and weedy check were laid out in a randomized complete block design, replicated thrice. Among the tested herbicides, bispyribac-sodium with its highest dose (250 ml ha-1) resulted in maximum weed control efficiency, treatment efficiency index and crop resistance index irrespective of weed species and dates of observation in both nursery as well as main field. Similar treatment also revealed maximum grain yield (5.20 t ha-1), which was 38.38% higher than control, closely followed by Fenoxaprop-p-ethyl (625 ml ha-1) had high efficacy against grasses, sedge and broadleaf weed flora. Maximum net return (Rs. 48765 ha-1) and benefit cost ratio (1.72) were obtained from the treatment which received bispyribac-sodium @ 250 ml ha-1. Based on overall performance, the bispyribac-sodium (250 ml ha-1) may be considered as the best herbicide treatment for weed management in transplanted rice as well as nursery bed.

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