scholarly journals INDICES OF PECULIARITIES OF IMMUNE REGULATION DETECTED IN CHILDREN EXPOSED TO ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION WITH METALS

2019 ◽  
Vol 98 (2) ◽  
pp. 178-182 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. G. Starkova ◽  
Oleg V. Dolgikh ◽  
D. A. Eisfeld ◽  
I. N. Alikina ◽  
N. A. Nikonoshina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Regulation ◽  
Phagocytic Activity ◽  
Comparison Group ◽  
Immune Reactivity ◽  
Observation Group ◽  
Blood Contamination ◽  
Specific Antibodies ◽  
Chromium Compounds ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Introduction. The technogenic development of the habitat determines the need of study of the negative impact of environmental factors on public health. The aim of the work is to study the peculiarities of changes of indices of immune regulation, specific and non-specific sensitization in the children’s population, living in conditions of air pollution with metals. Material and methods. A survey of the children population, living in the exposure zone of the studied risk factors was conducted. Mass spectrometry was used to determine the concentrations of chemical elements in biological media. Phagocytic activity was determined using sheep erythrocytes, serum immunoglobulin concentrations - using radial immunodiffusion, total IgE and cytokine levels - using enzyme immunoassay, specific IgG and IgE antibodies to metals - using allergen sorbent testing method. Statistical analysis was performed using Statistica 6.0. Results. In the observation group №. 1 the level of blood contamination with aluminum and chromium compounds when compared to the indices of the comparison group was higher, as well as there was a gain in aluminum, manganese, nickel, chromium in the blood level, compared with the values of the observation group №. 2. In the observation group № 1, the relative phagocytosis and phagocytic number were lower in relation to the norm, to the comparison group and the observation group № 2. Specific antibodies to metals exceeded the reference levels in the observation groups № 1 and № 2. The production of interleukin-1beta in the observation groups № 1 and № 2 exceeded the comparison indices; high levels of interleukin-8 and interferon-gamma were noted. A violation of cellular immunity in the observation group № 1 was established. In observation group № 2, changes in immune reactivity were expressed in a less degree, which was characterized by reduced absolute values of metals sensitivity indices. Conclusion. Excessive blood contamination with aluminum and chromium compounds, a decrease in phagocytic activity, an increase in specific sensitization by the criterion for the content of specific antibodies to metals, as well as an imbalance of cytokine immune mediators, were shown.

scholarly journals Clinical efficiency of treatment of cough in pediatric practice

2019 ◽  
pp. 194-198 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Yu. Evstifeeva ◽  
O. Yu. Trusova ◽  
E. I. Danilova ◽  
V. V. Sumenko
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Tract Infections ◽  
Comparison Group ◽  
Upper Respiratory Tract ◽  
Pediatric Practice ◽  
Upper Respiratory ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Significant Regression ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
Efficacy Of Treatment ◽  
Group 1

Cough is one of the most common reasons why parents bring their children to the pediatrician. The article presents the results of a study of the clinical efficacy of treatment of dry cough using Sinecod syrup. A total of 60 children aged 3–15 years with the upper respiratory tract infections and complaints of dry (non-productive) cough were enrolled in the study. In Group 1 (the main group), the children received Sinecod syrup in addition to the standard therapy, in Group 2 (the comparison group) children received Stoptussin-Phyto syrup. The effectiveness of treatment was evaluated based on the clinical examination findings. On Day 8–11 after the first examination, Group 2 showed a decrease in the severity of day and night cough according to VAS by more than 4 points compared with Group 2. Significant regression of the severity of day and night cough in the studied groups was only observed in patients from Group 1. Sleep disorders of the patients normalized.

scholarly journals СHANGES OF IMMUNOREGULATORY INDEXES IN CHILDREN EXPOSED TO STRONTIUM

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (6) ◽  
pp. 899-904
Author(s):  
E. A. Otavina ◽  
O. V. Dolgikh ◽  
K. G. Starkova ◽  
O. A. Kazakova ◽  
A. A. Mazunina
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Immune Regulation ◽  
Comparison Group ◽  
Fold Increase ◽  
Immune Defense ◽  
Phagocytic Index ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Observation Group ◽  
Strontium Content ◽  
Humoral Factors

Evaluation of the immune system parameters can be used in order to assess capacity to adapt under conditions of increased external chemical load, including exposure to metals, which can exert either activating and inhibitory effects upon immune regulation parameters. The aim of this work was the analysis of immunoregulatory markers in a children’s population who consumed water with high strontium content (a sample from the Perm region). We carried out immunological evaluation of the children aged 7 to 12 years, living at a territory with a high strontium content in the drinking water. The comparison group included children from the conventionally clean region. We studied differential changes in cellular immunity (phagocytosis rates), humoral factors of immune defense (serum immunoglobulins), development of specific sensitization for strontium, as well as the processes of apoptosis triggering and regulation. A 3.68-fold increase in strontium levels was shown in fresh water within observation area, and the average  blood strontium content in the children of appropriate observation group was 1.55-fold higher than in children of the comparison group. At the same time, 1.2-fold increase in phagocytic activity determined as phagocytic number and phagocytic index was found, as compared to the control group. In 80% of the subjects, a reduction in serum IgG level was observed when compared to physiological norm, as well as a significant decrease in IgG and enhance in IgM production against the levels found in the comparison group. Wehave also shown an enhanced total sensitization in 55.0% of the observation group as shown by the total IgE test compared with normal age ranges, as well as excessive specific sensitization to strontium by 2.49 times, according to the IgG criterion. Disturbance in apoptosis triggering was associated with decreased number of CD95+ lymphocytes and TNFR1+ cells (2.8-fold compared to reference values), shifted balance in apoptogenic proteins, an average of 2.6-fold decrease in Bcl-2 expression, a 2.8-fold reduction of the p53 transcription factor expression relative to the reference interval. Thus, we have shown an ability of strontium excess in drinking water to influence the most important indices of immune regulation in pediatric population. These changes may serve as indices of populational health status under of external strontium exposure.

Influence of Cooking Workshops on Cooking Skills and Knowledge among Children Attending Summer Day Camps

2020 ◽  
Vol 81 (2) ◽  
pp. 86-90 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raphaëlle Jacob ◽  
Annie Motard-Bélanger ◽  
Véronique Provencher ◽  
Melissa Anne Fernandez ◽  
Hélène Gayraud ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Healthy Eating ◽  
Comparison Group ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Nutrition Knowledge ◽  
Action Program ◽  
Cooking Skills ◽  
Knowledge And Attitudes ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

This study aimed to measure the influence of the Chefs in Action program (3 cooking workshops) on cooking skills, nutrition knowledge, and attitudes towards healthy eating in children attending summer day camps and compare it with a single cooking workshop. Groups of children (8–12 years) were randomly assigned to the intervention group (n = 25) or to 1 of 3 comparison groups performing a single workshop (group 1, n = 16; group 2, n = 36; group 3, n = 24). Two dietitians evaluated cooking skills during the workshops. Nutrition knowledge and attitudes towards healthy eating were assessed before and after the intervention. No improvement in cooking skills was observed in the intervention group (P = 0.25). The intervention group’s cooking skills score was significantly higher than comparison group 1 (P < 0.001). Nutrition knowledge was significantly improved in the intervention group and the comparison group 3 (P < 0.0001) but no effect on attitudes towards healthy eating was observed (Pgroup × time = 0.36). In conclusion, the Chefs in Action program positively impacted nutrition knowledge in children. The results also suggest that the type of recipe may influence nutrition knowledge and cooking skills. Further studies are needed to better assess the degree of difficulty required in cooking workshop recipes to improve cooking skills in children.

scholarly journals Large versus Small Dose Magnesium Sulfate Infusion in Tetanus

2014 ◽  
Vol 52 (194) ◽  
pp. 796-801
Author(s):  
Krishna Pokharel ◽  
Mukesh Tripathi ◽  
Balkrishna Bhattarai ◽  
Asish Subedi ◽  
Birendra Prasad Sah
Keyword(s):  
Magnesium Sulfate ◽  
Comparison Group ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Duration Of Symptoms ◽  
Severity Grade ◽  
Select Group ◽  
Male Patients ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Evidence Based Guidelines ◽  
Group 1

Introduction: Evidence based guidelines regarding the use of magnesium sulfate in tetanus is lacking. Hence, our objective was to compare two infusion doses of magnesium sulfate to control the tetanic spasms. Methods: Data of 14 adult male patients admitted in the intensive care unit were retrieved. Twelve adult ventilated patients received magnesium infusion as an adjunct to diazepam therapy to control tetanic spasms. We retrospectively divided them into two groups for comparison. Group 1 patients (n=7) received a smaller dose (<1 g.h-1) than group 2 (n=5) (1.5 to 2 g.h-1). Results: The duration of symptoms before arrival to hospital was significantly longer in group 1 than group 2. The Ablett severity grade was II in three patients in group 1 and III in all patients of group 2. In Ablett severity grade III patients, the diazepam dose used was significantly higher in group 1 (n=4) (292±48 mg.d-1) than group 2 (n=3) (106±9 mg.d-1) as magnesium infusion dose was restricted due to hypotension in group 1. Amongst the patients who received MgSO4 for ≥10 days, the requirement of diazepam was significantly reduced in the second week (174.1±59.2 mg/d) than the first week (325.4±105.9 mg.d-1) of infusion in group 2 (n=4) but not in group 1 patients (n=4). Conclusions: The larger dose of MgSO4 infusion was titrated to control tetanic spasms as an adjunct to diazepam in select group of patients without hypotension. Uncontrolled hypotension, cardiac arrhythmia and renal failure were the factors to limit its infusion dose.Keywords: MgSO4; magnesium sulphate; tetanus.

scholarly journals The usage of personalized scheme of fentanyl administration during coronary artery stenting

2020 ◽  
pp. 11-19
Author(s):  
D.О. Dziuba ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Coronary Arteries ◽  
Comparison Group ◽  
Study Groups ◽  
Stress Markers ◽  
Coronary Artery Stenting ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Personalized Approach ◽  
Fentanyl Administration ◽  
Group 1

The aim – to develop a personalized scheme of fentanyl administrationfor coronary artery stenting. Materials and methods. Ninety patients with ischemic heart disease who underwent planned stenting of the coronary arteries were studied. The patients who underwent surgery were evenly divided into three study groups, depending on mode of the intraoperative analgesic sedation and the approaches to anesthesia. The first comparison group consisted of patients who received slow intravenous administration of diazepam and fentanyl solutions. The second comparison group consisted of patients with balanced administration of fentanyl and propofol solutions to provide analgesic sedation at the level of conscious anesthesia. The study group consisted of patients with a personalized approach to the administration of opiates, namely, we used the original fentanyl test described in the article. Analgesic sedation at the level of conscious anesthesia (ІІІ by Ramsey) was maintained by propofol infusion. Results. The usage of a personalized scheme of fentanyl administration for stenting of the coronary arteries, compared to the standard sedation using combination of diazepam and fentanyl, was accompanied by better indicators of intraoperative blood saturation with oxygen and carbon dioxide (respectively (103.67 ± 22.05) and (39.64 ± 6.85) mm Hg in group 1, (105.70 ± 31.64) and (37.68 ± 7.11) in group 2 and (109.42 ± 34.36) and (36.25 ± 6.52) mm Hg in patients of the 3rd group), lower blood pressure after surgery ((127.85 ± 9.87)/(79.64 ± 8.62) mm Hg in patients of group 1, (129.48 ± 8.73)/(81.05 ± 7.92) mm Hg in group 2 and (131.15 ± 10.64)/(82.68 ± 9.72) mm Hg in group 3), lower level of stress markers (blood cortisol during surgery in patients of the 1st group (8.83 ± 4.58) mmol/L, in patients of the 2nd group – (7.73 ± 2.79) mmol/L, in patients of the 3rd group – (7.55 ± 4.35) mmol/L), as well as lower frequency of detecting episodes of perioperative pain of various origins. Conclusions. A method of personalized anesthesia was elaborated, based on individual scheme of fentanyl administration («fentanyl test») during coronary artery stenting. Its usage is safe (due to the optimal parameters of gas exchange and hemodynamics and fewer side effects, such as nausea and residual sedation) and effective (due to the lower level of stress markers and less frequent complaints of pain of various origins) than when the routine technique was used. Key words: analgesic sedation, individual sensitivity, fentanyl, diazepam, propofol.

scholarly journals Pathogenetic rationale for correction of endothelial dysfunction with quercetin in the complex treatment of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis and diabetic kidney disease in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. S. Khukhlina ◽  
A. A. Antoniv ◽  
Z. Ya. Kotsiubiichuk
Keyword(s):  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Diabetic Kidney Disease ◽  
Comparison Group ◽  
Blood Lipid ◽  
Diabetic Kidney ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Essential Phospholipids ◽  
Lipid Spectrum ◽  
Group 1

Objective — to determine effects of therapeutical complex, including metformin, rosuvastatin, essential phospholipids and quercetin, on the state of blood lipid spectrum, endothelial function, fibrinolysis system and platelet hemostasis, which are factors in the progression of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) and diabetic kidney disease (DKD). Materials and methods. The investigation was performed in the dynamics of treatment of 60 NASH patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM 2) and DKD of stage I — III. Depending on the prescribed treatment patients were randomized into 2 groups. The comparison group 1 (28 subjects) was administered hypocaloric diet with account of dietary restrictions #9, received essential phospholipids 300 mg 2 caps. 3 times a day) during 30 days for the NASH treatment, and antidiabetic and lipid‑lowering therapy with metformin hydrochloride 1000 mg per day, rosuvastatin (5 mg 1 time per day) for 1 month. Group 2 consisted of 32 patients and in addition to the similar 30 days of dietary recommendations, essential phospholipids, hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic therapy, received quercetin and povidone 500 mg intravenously in 100 ml of isotonic sodium 10 mg for 10 days. The mean age of patients was 53.8 ± 3.52 years. The comparison group consisted of 30 healthy age‑matching subjects. Results. Parameters of endothelial dysfunction, fibrinolysis and platelet hemostasis were determined to check the degree of endothelial‑protective effects of Quercetin against the background of the recommended protocol therapy. As a result of treatment, baseline significantly reduced NO levels (in 1.7 times) in patients of group 1 increased insignificantly (p > 0.05), and significantly raised in 1.5 times (p < 0.05) in group 2. This can be explained by effects of Quercetin as an endothelial protector, as well as by metformin effects, which reduces degree of insulin resistance and promotes body weight reduction, as well as reduction of hyperlipidemia level and probability of deposition of subendothelial proatherogenic fractions. Conclusions. Combined therapy of NASH with DM 2 and diabetic kidney disease with the use of essential phospholipids, statins and metformin with addition of Quercetin was more effective than traditional therapy: it significantly reduced the markers of NASH exacerbation, optimized blood lipid spectrum, restored endothelial functional state, eliminated the phenomena of hypercoagulable syndrome without the additional administration of antiplatelet agents.  

scholarly journals Matrix metalloproteinase-8 and osteoprotegerin in saliva of children with chronic kidney disease

2021 ◽  
pp. 62-68
Author(s):  
Н.С. Морозова ◽  
Н.Б. Захарова ◽  
Д.Ю. Лакомова ◽  
Л.Д. Мальцева ◽  
О.Л. Морозова
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Kidney Transplantation ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Comparison Group ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
One Year ◽  
End Stage ◽  
Stage 1 ◽  
Group 1

Изменения минерального гомеостаза являются причиной костных нарушений зубочелюстной системы (ЗЧС) при хронической болезни почек (ХБП) у детей и могут развиваться задолго до появления клинических проявлений уремической токсинемии на 2-й стадии ХБП. В последние годы большое внимание уделяется неинвазивным методам диагностики патологии полости рта у детей. Наиболее известными индикаторами нарушения костного метаболизма считают матриксную металлопротеиназу 8 (ММР-8) и остеопротогерин (OPG). Цель исследования - установить закономерности изменения содержания ММР-8 и OPG в слюне детей с различной тяжестью ХБП. Объект и методы. Проведено исследование содержания ММР-8 и OPG в слюне у 76 детей, которые были разделены на равные группы по 19 человек: 1 группа - дети с ХБП 1-2 степени, получающие медикаментозное лечение; 2 группа - дети с терминальной стадией ХБП, получающие заместительную почечную терапию в объёме гемодиализа; 3 группа - дети через год после перенесённой трансплантации почки; 4 группа (группа сравнения) - дети с малой хирургической патологией, не имеющие патологии почек. Сбор слюны осуществлялся абсорбционным методом до медикаментозной коррекции основного заболевания утром до приема пищи. Исследование ММР-8 и OPG проводили методом твердофазного иммуноферментного анализа. Результаты. Установлено, что содержание ММР-8 и OPG в слюне у детей с различной степенью ХБП было значительно выше по отношению к группе сравнения. Максимальные значения ММР-8 регистрировались во 2-й группе у детей с терминальной ХБП, находящихся на гемодиализе. Повышение содержания OPG в слюне отмечалось в 1 группе детей с ХБП 1-2-й степени и 3-й группе пациентов, через год после перенесённой трансплантации почки. Заключение. Полученные результаты показывают возможность использования слюны в качестве биологической жидкости для диагностики доклинических этапов нарушения костного метаболизма у детей с ХБП, а ММР-8 и OPG в слюне могут рассматриваться в качестве предиктивных и прогностических маркеров. Changes in mineral homeostasis cause bone disorders of the dentition in children with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and may develop long before the onset of clinical manifestations of uremic toxemia in stage 2 CKD. In recent years, much attention has been paid to noninvasive methods for diagnosing oral pathology in children. The most common indicators of metabolic bone disorders are matrix metalloproteinase-8 (MMP-8) and osteoprotogerin (OPG). The aim of the study was to establish the patterns of changes in salivary concentrations of MMP-8 and OPG in children with various severity of CKD. Subject and methods. Salivary levels of MMP-8 and OPG were studied in 76 children divided into four equal groups: group 1, children with stage 1-2 CKD receiving a drug treatment; group 2, children with end-stage CKD receiving renal replacement therapy with hemodialysis; group 3, children one year after the kidney transplantation; and group 4 (comparison group), children with a minor surgical pathology without a kidney pathology. Saliva samples were collected by the absorption method before administration of drugs for the underlying disease, one hour before the morning meal. Salivary concentrations of MMP-8 and OPG were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results. Salivary levels of MMP-8 and OPG were significantly higher in children with various severity of CKD than in the comparison group. The highest values of MMP-8 were observed in group 2 children with end-stage CKD on hemodialysis. Increased salivary OPG was noted in group 1 children with stage 1-2 CKD and in group 3 patients one year after the kidney transplantation. Conclusion. Saliva can be used as a biological fluid for diagnosis of preclinical stages of bone metabolism disorders in children with CKD, and salivary MMP-8 and OPG can be considered as predictive and prognostic markers.

The combined application of transvaginal collagenase electrophoresis and pulsed magnetic therapy to improve the quality of life of patients with chronic salpingo-oophoritis

2021 ◽  
pp. 14-19
Author(s):  
Tamara Mikhailovna Medoeva ◽  
Madina Zaudinovna Dugieva ◽  
Vadim Viktorovich Portnov
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Psychological Health ◽  
Comparison Group ◽  
Main Group ◽  
Pelvic Pain Syndrome ◽  
Combined Application ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Magnetic Therapy ◽  
Group 1

Chronic salpingo-oophoritis (CSO) is one of the most common diseases among the entire gynecological pathology, the frequency of which reaches 65-68%. Despite the progress made in the treatment of CSO, there is a serious problem due to the steady growth and complications leading to infertility, ectopic pregnancy and the development of chronic pelvic pain syndrome, which significantly reduces the quality of life of patients. In this regard, the development of promising pharmaco-physiotherapeutic methods with pronounced analgesic, anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory and bacteriological effects to increase the therapeutic effectiveness and improve the quality of life of patients with salpingo-oophoritis is an important task of modern gynecology and physiotherapy. Objective: To study in a comparative aspect the effect of the combined use of transvaginal electrophoresis of the collagenase complex and pulsed magnetic therapy and their mono-effects on the quality of life of patients with chronic salpingo-oophoritis. Materials and research methods. The study included 77 patients aged 18 to 42 years (median age was 26,7±2,8 years) with a diagnosis of chronic salpingo-oophoritis of non-specific etiology. More than half of the patients (59,7%) were women under 25 years of age. All patients were divided into three groups that were comparable according to the main clinical and anamnestic data, somatic and obstetric-gynecological status: group 1 — the main group — included 28 patients who received a course of combined application of transvaginal electrophoresis of the collagenase complex and pulsed magnetic therapy; group 2 — comparison group 1 — included 25 patients who received acourse of transvaginal electrophoresis of the collagenase complex; group 3 — comparison group 2 — included 24 patients who received a course of pulsed magnetic therapy. The quality of life was assessed by the indicators of the Quality of Life Index (QOL), which takes into account the three most important and informative aspects of patients’ lives: physical condition and its dynamics, mental (psychological) health and daily functioning. The results of the study. Based on the obtained results, it was proved that the most pronounced results were achieved in patients of the main group who received a course of transvaginal electrophoresis of the collagenase complex in combination with pulsed magnetic therapy, where the quality of life improved by 89,3% according to the QOL index, compared to the monotherapy with transvaginal electrophoresis and pulsed magnetic therapy — 75,7% and 73,1%, respectively.

scholarly journals Nociceptive disorders in patients with microvascular angina pectoris and patients with silent myocardial ischemia

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
VB Petrova ◽  
SA Boldueva ◽  
IA Leonova ◽  
AB Petrova ◽  
AI Petrova
Keyword(s):  
Angina Pectoris ◽  
Myocardial Ischemia ◽  
Pain Threshold ◽  
Comparison Group ◽  
Silent Myocardial Ischemia ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Flexor Reflex ◽  
Reflex Threshold ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Abstract Funding Acknowledgements Type of funding sources: Public Institution(s). Main funding source(s): North-western State Medical University named after I.I.Mechnikov The purpose of this study was to study the diagnostic value of the nociceptive flexor reflex (NFR) method in patients with MVA and patients with silent myocardial ischemia. Materials and methods. A total of 158 people were examined, including 131 patients with ischemic heart disease and 31 healthy volunteers (control group). Patients with coronary artery disease were represented by three groups: patients with MVA - 49 people (main group), patients with angina pectoris due to atherosclerotic lesions of the coronary arteries - 40 people (comparison group 1), patients with a diagnosis of painless myocardial ischemia (SMI) - 42 people (comparison group 2). To determine pain indicators, the method of nociceptive flexor reflex (NFR) was used during electrical stimulation of the sural nerve (Nicolet Viking (USA)). Results. The coefficient (k) of pain threshold / reflex threshold (Pb / Pr) in the control group of healthy volunteers was 0.94 ± 0.01, which corresponds to the accepted norms (1-0.9) according to literature data. In the study of NFR in patients with MVA, a decrease in the pain threshold, reflex threshold and ratio (Pb / Pr) was revealed. In the MVS group, PB= 9.5 ± 0.58 mA; Pr = 12.1 ± 0.58 mA; Pb / Pr = 0.78 ± 0.02. The pain threshold in patients with MBS turned out to be statistically significantly lower in comparison with comparison group 1 and comparison group 2 and control group (p &lt;0.01; p &lt;0.001; p &lt;0.001, respectively). The reflex threshold in patients with MVA is statistically significantly lower than in comparison group 1, comparison group 2 (SIM) and control group (p &lt;0.02; p &lt;0.001; p &lt;0.01, respectively). In patients with angina pectoris, PB = 13.8 ± 0.31 mA; Pr = 14.8 ± 0.33 mA; Pb / Pr = 0.94 ± 0.01. In patients with SIM, PB = 24.9 ± 0.99 mA; Pr = 22.9 ± 0.79 mA; Pb / Pr = 1.2 ± 0.02. There was a significant increase in the pain threshold, reflex threshold and the pain threshold / reflex threshold ratio in the group of patients with silent myocardial ischemia compared with similar indicators in the control group, the main group and comparison group 1 (p &lt;0.001; p &lt;0.001; p &lt;0.001 respectively). Conclusions. In patients with MVA compared with healthy individuals in the control group and comparison groups, there is a decrease in NFR indices, which indicates the presence of nociceptive disorders. In patients with SIM, the reflex threshold values are lower in value than the pain threshold. Thus, in patients with SIM the muscle response occurs before the onset of the subjective sensation of pain.

scholarly journals Features of Breast Cancer in Iranian-born Migrant Women Treated in Australia

2020 ◽  
pp. 65-71
Author(s):  
Farid Meybodi ◽  
Meagan E Brennan
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Comparison Group ◽  
Mastectomy Rate ◽  
Screening Participation ◽  
Retrospective Audit ◽  
Younger Age ◽  
Surgical Data ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
To Receive ◽  
Group 1

Background: While there is much information available about breast cancer in Australia overall, less is known about breast cancer in immigrant women and specifically Iranian-born women. Understanding this group is important to provide appropriate screening, treatment and support interventions. The aim of this study was to describe breast cancer presentation, tumour and treatment characteristics in Iranian-born women in Australia. Methods: Women were eligible for this retrospective audit if treated for breast malignancy with country of birth recorded. Demographic, tumour and surgical data were extracted and analysed. Data for Iranian-born women were compared to data for Australian-born (comparison group 1) and women born in countries other than Australia or Iran (comparison group 2, referred to as ‘other’). Results: 2086 women were eligible: Iranian-born n=27, Australian-born n=894 and Other n=1165. Iranian-born women were younger, mean age of 53.9 (five years younger in overall mean, SD 11.98, F=3.171, p=0.042). Iranian-born women were significantly less likely to present with a screen-detected cancer (X2= 11.481, p=0.003) and more likely to have a high-grade cancer (X2=14.383, p=0.006). There was no difference in mastectomy rate (X2=1.698, p=0.428).Conclusion: Iranian-born women treated for breast cancer in Australia were younger, had higher-grade tumours and were less likely to have a screen-detected cancer than Australian-born women or women born in other countries. Strategies to encourage screening participation in Iranian-born women are required. Support for these women is required as they are more likely to receive toxic treatments (chemotherapy and extended adjuvant endocrine therapy) due to younger age and higher grade tumours.

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