scholarly journals СHANGES OF IMMUNOREGULATORY INDEXES IN CHILDREN EXPOSED TO STRONTIUM

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (6) ◽  
pp. 899-904
Author(s):  
E. A. Otavina ◽  
O. V. Dolgikh ◽  
K. G. Starkova ◽  
O. A. Kazakova ◽  
A. A. Mazunina
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Immune Regulation ◽  
Comparison Group ◽  
Fold Increase ◽  
Immune Defense ◽  
Phagocytic Index ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Observation Group ◽  
Strontium Content ◽  
Humoral Factors

Evaluation of the immune system parameters can be used in order to assess capacity to adapt under conditions of increased external chemical load, including exposure to metals, which can exert either activating and inhibitory effects upon immune regulation parameters. The aim of this work was the analysis of immunoregulatory markers in a children’s population who consumed water with high strontium content (a sample from the Perm region). We carried out immunological evaluation of the children aged 7 to 12 years, living at a territory with a high strontium content in the drinking water. The comparison group included children from the conventionally clean region. We studied differential changes in cellular immunity (phagocytosis rates), humoral factors of immune defense (serum immunoglobulins), development of specific sensitization for strontium, as well as the processes of apoptosis triggering and regulation. A 3.68-fold increase in strontium levels was shown in fresh water within observation area, and the average  blood strontium content in the children of appropriate observation group was 1.55-fold higher than in children of the comparison group. At the same time, 1.2-fold increase in phagocytic activity determined as phagocytic number and phagocytic index was found, as compared to the control group. In 80% of the subjects, a reduction in serum IgG level was observed when compared to physiological norm, as well as a significant decrease in IgG and enhance in IgM production against the levels found in the comparison group. Wehave also shown an enhanced total sensitization in 55.0% of the observation group as shown by the total IgE test compared with normal age ranges, as well as excessive specific sensitization to strontium by 2.49 times, according to the IgG criterion. Disturbance in apoptosis triggering was associated with decreased number of CD95+ lymphocytes and TNFR1+ cells (2.8-fold compared to reference values), shifted balance in apoptogenic proteins, an average of 2.6-fold decrease in Bcl-2 expression, a 2.8-fold reduction of the p53 transcription factor expression relative to the reference interval. Thus, we have shown an ability of strontium excess in drinking water to influence the most important indices of immune regulation in pediatric population. These changes may serve as indices of populational health status under of external strontium exposure.

scholarly journals Osteopathy incidence in children and adolescents consuming drinking water with high content of natural strontium

2021 ◽  
Vol 100 (10) ◽  
pp. 1123-1127
Author(s):  
Irina E. Shtina ◽  
Olga A. Maklakova ◽  
Svetlana L. Valina ◽  
Olga Y. Ustinova
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Comparison Group ◽  
Ionized Calcium ◽  
Observation Group ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Strontium Content ◽  
Geochemical Province

Introduction. Excessive intake of heavy metals of natural origin with drinking water increases the risk of the formation of non-infectious diseases of systems and organs, depending on the tropism of the chemical compound. The aim is to study the incidence of disorders of bone density and structure (osteopathies) in children and adolescents who consume drinking water with an increased strontium content due to the geochemical characteristics of the territory. Materials and methods. The observation group consisted of 93 children living in a geochemical province with a stable strontium content of more than 2 MPC in the centralized drinking water supply system. The comparison group included 148 children living in an area where strontium concentration in drinking water does not exceed 1 MPC. The incidence evaluation was carried out according to the official data of statistical materials. The analysis of the average values of the concentration in the blood of strontium, ionized calcium, inorganic phosphorus and alkaline phosphatase activity and the frequency of deviations from the norm of the studied parameters was carried out in the studied groups. The value of bone mineral density (Z-index) was determined according to the results of ultrasonic densitometry. Results. The level of long-term incidence of osteopathies for the period 2010-2019 in children and adolescents, the observation area was 6.59 ± 1.32 and 11.26 ± 2.07 ‰, respectively, which was 1.8 and 2.0 times higher than the level of the comparison territory (p = 0.0003-0.0004 ). The concentration of strontium in the blood of children living in the territory of the geochemical province exceeded 2.1 times the permissible reference (p <0.001) and 2.9 times the index of the comparison group (p = 0.0001). In ¾ children of the observation group, increased content of strontium in the blood was recorded, which was 5.2 times more often than the comparison area (p <0.001). In 57% of cases, the children of the observation group had a reduced level of ionized calcium in the blood (p = 0.0001). Low bone mineral density (Z-index) in the observation group occurred 2.3 times more often (17.2 versus 7.4%, p = 0.019). Significant dependences were established by lowering the level of ionized calcium and the value of the Z-index with increasing strontium content in the blood. Conclusion. In children living in geochemical provinces with an elevated strontium content, an increase in the incidence of osteopathy was noted, manifested by a reduced level of ionized calcium in the blood and low bone mineral density, which must be taken into account for the timely diagnosis and prevention of these conditions.

scholarly journals Features of formation of biliary dysfunctions in children consuming drinking water with high nitrate content

2019 ◽  
Vol 36 (5) ◽  
pp. 65-70
Author(s):  
Olga G. Tolmacheva ◽  
Olga Yu. Ustinova ◽  
Olga A. Maklakova ◽  
Yulia A. Ivashova ◽  
Alexsandra Yu. Vandisheva
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Total Bilirubin ◽  
Comparison Group ◽  
School Age Children ◽  
Nitrate Content ◽  
School Age ◽  
Observation Group ◽  
Nitrate Level ◽  
Second Child ◽  
Increased Activity

Introduction. In recent years, there is more and more information about the global distribution of nitrates in soil, water, food. Purpose. To study the features of the formation of biliary dysfunction in children with drinking water with high nitrate content. Materials. 124 school-age children consuming drinking water with high nitrate content (1.3 MPC) were examined. The comparison group included 52 children living in areas where the nitrate level in drinking water was 4.7 times lower. Results. In children of the observation group, the concentration of N-nitrosodimethylamine in the blood was 3.3 times higher than in the comparison group, and the concentration of nitrates in urine was 1.8 times higher. Every second child with a pathology of the gastrointestinal tract consuming drinking water with a high content of nitrates was diagnosed with biliary dysfunction manifested by hepatocellular dysfunction (increased activity of AST) and a violation of motor-tonic function of the gallbladder by hyperkinetic type against the background of hemolysis of erythrocytes (increased total bilirubin) with a stable level of hemoglobin.

scholarly journals Cell death indicators in children under exposure to excessive intake of chlorine compounds with drinking water

2017 ◽  
pp. 80-87
Author(s):  
D Dianova ◽  
N Zaitseva ◽  
O Dolgikh ◽  
A Krivtsov
Keyword(s):  
Cell Death ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Glutathione Transferase ◽  
Annexin V ◽  
Fold Increase ◽  
Water Disinfection ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Domestic Water ◽  
Domestic Water Supply

Objective. The study of the immune status features including cell death markers in children consuming drinking water with excessive content of chlorine compounds. Materials and methods. Including the control group, 498 pre-school children were surveyed. The control group comprised 212 children living on territories where circulating groundwater is used as a source of domestic water supply. The study group consisted of 286 children living on territories with sources of domestic water supply presented by surface water of low quality due to microbiological indicators, which calls for the use of chlorine-containing agents for water disinfection. To conduct the study the chemical-analytical, immunological and statistical methods were used. Results. It was revealed that in the blood of children consuming hyperclorinated water, the concentration of chloroform in a range of 0 mg/dm3 - 0.2300 mg / dm3 has been identified, meanwhile in the biological medium of the control group children, the chloroform has not been detected. Using flow cytometry the statistically significant (р = 0.001) decrease (up to 1.7 fold) of Annexin V-FITC +PI- -cells amount (early apoptosis) and up to 2.4 fold increase (р = 0.001) of Annexin V-FITC+PI+ -cells content (late apoptosis / necrosis) was found in those children, who were exposed to the excessive content of chloroform with drinking water, relative to the values fixed in non-exposed children. Conclusions. It was demonstrated that under the increased chlorine compounds concentrations in blood the probable mechanism of apoptotic effect was related to the enzyme systems activation, associated with glutathione peroxidase, glutathione transferase, superoxide dismutase. The reference concentrations for chlorine-containing compounds in blood were proved by the criteria of IL6 and CD4+ -, CD8+ -, CD19+ -, CD25+ - lymphocytes content and their acceptable concentration range in blood (0.00001 mg / dm3 - 0.0181 mg / dm3) was defined.

scholarly journals INDICES OF PECULIARITIES OF IMMUNE REGULATION DETECTED IN CHILDREN EXPOSED TO ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION WITH METALS

2019 ◽  
Vol 98 (2) ◽  
pp. 178-182 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. G. Starkova ◽  
Oleg V. Dolgikh ◽  
D. A. Eisfeld ◽  
I. N. Alikina ◽  
N. A. Nikonoshina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Regulation ◽  
Phagocytic Activity ◽  
Comparison Group ◽  
Immune Reactivity ◽  
Observation Group ◽  
Blood Contamination ◽  
Specific Antibodies ◽  
Chromium Compounds ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Introduction. The technogenic development of the habitat determines the need of study of the negative impact of environmental factors on public health. The aim of the work is to study the peculiarities of changes of indices of immune regulation, specific and non-specific sensitization in the children’s population, living in conditions of air pollution with metals. Material and methods. A survey of the children population, living in the exposure zone of the studied risk factors was conducted. Mass spectrometry was used to determine the concentrations of chemical elements in biological media. Phagocytic activity was determined using sheep erythrocytes, serum immunoglobulin concentrations - using radial immunodiffusion, total IgE and cytokine levels - using enzyme immunoassay, specific IgG and IgE antibodies to metals - using allergen sorbent testing method. Statistical analysis was performed using Statistica 6.0. Results. In the observation group №. 1 the level of blood contamination with aluminum and chromium compounds when compared to the indices of the comparison group was higher, as well as there was a gain in aluminum, manganese, nickel, chromium in the blood level, compared with the values of the observation group №. 2. In the observation group № 1, the relative phagocytosis and phagocytic number were lower in relation to the norm, to the comparison group and the observation group № 2. Specific antibodies to metals exceeded the reference levels in the observation groups № 1 and № 2. The production of interleukin-1beta in the observation groups № 1 and № 2 exceeded the comparison indices; high levels of interleukin-8 and interferon-gamma were noted. A violation of cellular immunity in the observation group № 1 was established. In observation group № 2, changes in immune reactivity were expressed in a less degree, which was characterized by reduced absolute values of metals sensitivity indices. Conclusion. Excessive blood contamination with aluminum and chromium compounds, a decrease in phagocytic activity, an increase in specific sensitization by the criterion for the content of specific antibodies to metals, as well as an imbalance of cytokine immune mediators, were shown.

scholarly journals DOSE-DEPENDENDENT HISTOCHROME EFFECTS OF KIDNEY IN RATS

2017 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 93-97
Author(s):  
O. S. Talalaeva ◽  
Ia. F. Zverev ◽  
V. M. Bryukhanov ◽  
A. Iu. Zharikov
Keyword(s):  
Comparison Group ◽  
Wide Spectrum ◽  
Dose Range ◽  
Test Group ◽  
Fold Increase ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Native Form ◽  
Creatinine Excretion ◽  
Daily Urine ◽  
Daily Urine Output

THE AIM.Histochrome is a native antioxidant drug isolated from natural sourse. The study of pharmacological activity of histochrome showed a wide spectrum of dose-range action. The aim of this study was to investigate the renal effects changes when administered various doses of histochrome in rats.MATERIALS AND METHODS.The study was conducted on outbred stock Wistar rats. The test group of animals (n = 15) was administered subcutaneously histochrome at a dose of 1 mg/kg for 10 days, and the control group (n = 20) was treatment of 10 mg/kg of the drug. Since 3-d day every two days of experiment were measured daily urine output, excretion of Na+ and K+, creatinine excretion, and excretion of histochrome.RESULTS.The tendency of daily urination increase recorded at histochrome administration at a dose of 1 mg/kg. In the comparison group increased diuresis led to a fivefold magnification of parameter on the 7th day. Dynamic renal creatinine excretion during treatment with 1 mg / kg histochrome had a stable character throughout the experiment, while the ten-fold increase in dose was associated with a significant elevation of the factor. Natriuresis steadily increased, exceeding the initial value 5 times in under-test group of animals. In the comparison group the ion excretion increased by 2 times. Potassium excretion have similar dynamics using both histochrome doses. The native form histochrome was not detected in the urine in any of the animal groups.CONCLUSION.The experimental results showed that the behavior of the excretory renal function is histochrome dosedependent and may be due to its metabolites.

Immune regulation features in workers engaged into underground mining of chromite ores

2019 ◽  
pp. 21-24
Author(s):  
Oleg V. Dolgikh ◽  
Ksenia G. Starkova
Keyword(s):  
Immune Regulation ◽  
Phagocytic Activity ◽  
Underground Mining ◽  
Reference Group ◽  
Fold Increase ◽  
High Serum ◽  
Receptor Expression ◽  
Phagocytic Index ◽  
Group Workers ◽  
Iga Production

The study of immune regulation features in workers engaged into underground mining of chromite ores demonstrated that high serum chromium levels were associated with increased phagocytic activity, if compared to physiologic normal values, in 25.7% of the workers. Findings also are phagocytic activity reliably changed by phagocytic index criterion, and significantly (1.2–1.33 times) increased absolute and relative phagocytosis and phagocytic index vs. the reference group values. IgM levels appeared 1.2 times lower vs. the reference group values, in association with IgG deficiency and increased IgA production vs. the reference values. The authors also revealed changes in cellular subpopulations balance and T-cell receptors transformation, with depressed regulatory marker CD95 in 90.0% in the main group workers, and higher number of CD4+CD25+CD127 lymphocytes, increased CD3+ and CD4+ cells 1.5- and 1.2-fold respectively vs. the reference group values. Other findings are disordered launching and regulation of apoptosis via lower Fas-receptor expression and changed balance of regulatory proteins Bcl–2 and Bax vs. the normal value in 50.0–62.5% of the workers, with reliable 2.6-fold increase of Bax level vs. the reference group.

scholarly journals Impacts of Strain Variation on Response to Heat Stress and Boldo Extract Supplementation to Broiler Chickens

Animals ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahmoud M. Abo Ghanima ◽  
May Bin-Jumah ◽  
Abdel-Moneim E. Abdel-Moneim ◽  
Asmaa F. Khafaga ◽  
Mohamed E. Abd El-Hack ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Heat Stress ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Phagocytic Index ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Blood Indices ◽  
Economic Parameters ◽  
Poultry Diets ◽  
Harmful Effects

There is increasing interest in the use of natural antioxidant supplements in poultry diets as protection against the adverse effects of heat stress. The potential protective effect of boldo (Peumus boldus molina) leaf extract, which have antioxidant activity, were investigated against the harmful effects of heat stress in two broiler strains. Arbor Acres (AA) and Avian-48 (AV) chicks were divided into thermoneutral (TN) and heat stress (HS) groups and treated with 1 g boldo leaf extract/4 L drinking water during the heat stress period. HS reduced growth performance in both strains. The phagocytic index, phagocytic activity, and eosinophil and lymphocytes counts were significantly elevated in TN and HS AV birds but not altered in AA birds. Boldo extract treatment partially eliminated the previous negative impacts of heat stress. AA chicks were better able to withstand HS than AV chicks. Serum concentrations of total lipids and cholesterol were reduced in HS birds of both strains. Malondialdehyde, superoxide dismutase, and glutathione peroxidase levels were elevated but restored with the administration of boldo leaf extract in HS birds of both strains. Economic parameters were negatively affected by HS but restored to values close to those of the control group in boldo-treated HS birds. In conclusion, the administration of boldo leaf extract in drinking water was effective in neutralizing the harmful effects of heat stress on growth performance, blood indices, and economic parameters and improved the antioxidant defense system in heat-stressed birds.

PECULIARITIES OF IMMUNE REGULATION AND GENETIC POLYMORPHISM OF ADULT POPULATION LIVING IN THE CONDITIONS OF VANADIUM EXTERNAL EXPOSURE

2018 ◽  
pp. 27-30
Author(s):  
О.V. Dolgikh ◽  
К.G. Starkova ◽  
О.А. Каzakova ◽  
А.V. Krivtsov ◽  
Е.А. Otavina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Regulation ◽  
Comparison Group ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Immunoglobulin A ◽  
Interleukin 10 ◽  
Main Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Industrial Emissions ◽  
Vanadium Concentration ◽  
Polymorphic Genes

We conducted the survey of the adult population (n = 37) at age of 33.82 ± 0.82 years, living in ecologically unfavorable conditions (influence zone of industrial emissions) of Chusovoy (Perm Territory). The comparison group included 25 people from the area with acceptable sanitary and hygienic indicators of atmospheric air quality. The average age of the comparison groups surveyed was 35.25 ± 1.24 years. The study of features of the immune status of the examined individuals exposed to the external effects of vanadium fine dust have been showed a decrease in phagocytosis, expression of the level of interleukin-10 and production of serum immunoglobulin A class (IgA). Both the odds ratio analysis and mathematical modeling showed a significant increase in the content of class G immunoglobulin (IgG) and class M immunoglobulin (IgM) (R2 = 0.67–0.70, p < 0.05) with an increase of vanadium concentration in the blood. At the same time, the study of the metal content in the blood of the observed group as compared with the permissible level showed higher concentrations. We revealed the features of gene polymorphism associated with an increase in the prevalence of the minor homozygous genotype for the SULT1A1 and CYP1A1*3 genes — the immune regulation (MTHFR), detoxification and endothelial regulation (VEGFA) genes. The results of the analysis of twenty-nine polymorphic genes revealed the key genes of the male and female subgroups of the main group, which prevalence of polymorphisms was significantly different from that of the comparison group (p < 0.05). At the same time, the genotypes of working men of the main group were characterized by a significant predominance of the variant allele compared to the control group (HTR2A, MTHFR, CYP1A1, FAS, CPOX, TNF). The genotypes of working women were characterized by the dominance of such polymorphic genes as MTHFR, MMP, ANKK1, ZMPSTE, TNF.

scholarly journals Immunological Oral Health Status of the Poultry Plants Employees

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
О. І. Kardashevska
Keyword(s):  
Oral Fluid ◽  
Comparison Group ◽  
Periodontal Diseases ◽  
Oral Health Status ◽  
Phagocytic Index ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Poultry Production ◽  
Basic Group ◽  
Treatment And Prevention ◽  
Internal And External Factors

Summary. Study of periodontal diseases gives us grounds for making a generalized conclusion that an appearance of abnormal changes in tissues holding teeth takes place on change of overall health and as a result of the influence of a set of internal and external factors, which define an approach to the treatment and prevention of these diseases. Despite automation and mechanization of poultry plants, much more poultry plants employees are influenced by adverse factors of production that leads to occupational diseases, partially to periodontal diseases. The aim of the work – to investigate a condition of the local nonspecific immunity among poultry plants employees having periodontal diseases. Materials and Methods. In research 50 poultry breeders having generalized periodontitis, who made a basic group, and 20 persons with generalized periodontitis forming a comparison group, who were not in contact with birds, took part. Findings were compared with data of 20 somatically healthy persons from the control group. In order to study a condition of the local resistance at generalized periodontitis under the influence of harmful factors of poultry production, certain immunity factors of capillary blood of gums and oral fluid were examined: IgM, IgG, IgA, SIgA, phagocytic index (PhI) and phagocytic number (PhN). The most significant changes in the local nonspecific protection factors were found among patients of the basic group: content of serum IgA was significantly below normal: (1.82±0.11) g/l. Increase in production of IgМ and IgG at decreasing content of IgA among persons from the basic group was indicative of functional tension of immunity humoral arm on antigen stimulation with streptococcal infection. A significant deficiency of SIgA in oral fluid (0.62±0.03) g/l) was detected that was two times less than values of the control group and by 1.3 less than in the comparison group. Phagocytosis percent, phagocytic number, and phagocytic index among the patients of the basic group were much higher comparing with the comparison and control groups. That was indicative of decrease in appropriate immune response among them. Thus, the findings have shown that permanent immunodysfunctions among the poultry plants employees having generalized periodontitis are increasing under the influence of the occupational pathogens related to poultry production.

scholarly journals PECULIARITIES OF THE REGULATION OF THE IMMUNE SYSTEM IN CHILDREN RESIDING IN CONDITIONS OF STRONTIUM GEOCHEMICAL PROVINCE

2018 ◽  
Vol 97 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-29
Author(s):  
D. G. Dianova ◽  
Oleg V. Dolgikh ◽  
A. V. Krivtsov ◽  
O. O. Sinitsyna ◽  
E. A. Otavina
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Immune System ◽  
Annexin V ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Reference Level ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Strontium Content ◽  
Blood Content ◽  
Stable Strontium ◽  
Geochemical Province

There was made a study of the features of apoptosis in children drinking potable water with an increased content of stable strontium of natural origin. The percentage of non-standard samples of strontium content in the water on the observation territory was 16.7%, which corresponded to the exceedance of the maximum permissible concentration of strontium in drinking water at the level of 1.2 MPC (up to 8.4 mg/l). In children living in the strontium geochemical province, the blood content of strontium (0.1 mg/dm3) was established statistically significant higher (p = 0.02) in comparison with the results obtained from children living in the territory of relative sanitary and hygienic well-being (0.028 mg/dm3). There was made an estimation of parameters of the dependence between the concentration of strontium in drinking water and the concentration of strontium in the blood was estimated, there was obtained a reliable dependence (b0 = 0.04, b1 = 0.012, R2 = 0.44, F = 310, p = 0.00001) of the increase in the blood content of strontium by the 1.3 times relative to the reference level from the concentration of strontium in water. In the exposure range of 7.84 ± 0.62 mg/L per 1 mg/L increase in strontium in water, its concentration in the blood was established to increase by 0.012 mg/dm3. In children living in the strontium geochemical province (1.5-0.8 times) by the method of flow cytometry, there were established to statistically significant decline the (relative and absolute values) number of CD95+ lymphocytes (p = 0.04-0.001) by 3.8 times, the expression of p53, bcl-2, Bax and the amount of Annexin V-FITC+PI- cells dying via the path of apoptosis, as well as the content of Annexin V-FITC+PI+ cells, dying via necrosis was statistically significantly (p = 0.001) elevated, in comparison with the control group. The obtained results prove the prolonged excessive effect on the children’s organism of stable strontium supplied with drinking water to lead to changes in the functioning of the immune system, characterized by a violation of the regulation of cell death - inhibition of apoptosis and activation of necrosis. The ranges of values of strontium in the blood corresponding to the ranges at the level of 0.1 [0.04-0.11] mg/dm3 are given in the ranges of apoptotic regulation (relative content,%): CD95+ - 17.50 [15.48; 22.03], p53 - 0.53 [0.22; 0.98], bcl-2 0.24 [0.21; 0.36], bax = 5.66 [4.67; 7.84], AnnexinV-FITC+PI- cells: 0.67 [0.56; 0.88], AnnexinV-FITC+ PI+ cells: 10.58 [9.54; 16.11]. The indices of apoptotic regulation of CD95+, p53, bcl-2, Annexin V-FITC+ PI- are recommended to be used as indices of early disorders of the immune status, and also for the monitoring the effectiveness of preventive measures in the territories of strontium geochemical provinces.

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