scholarly journals METHOD FOR PREDICTING PERINATAL HYPOXIC LESIONS OF THE CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM IN NEWBORNS

2019 ◽  
Vol 64 (2) ◽  
pp. 89-93 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. . Smirnova ◽  
N. . Borzova ◽  
N. . Sotnikova ◽  
A. . Malyshkina ◽  
E. . Bojko
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Preterm Labor ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Perinatal Morbidity ◽  
The Central Nervous System

Perinatal lesions of the Central nervous system (CNS) in newborns occupy a leading place in the structure of perinatal morbidity and subsequent disability of children. To identify the features of the content of sRAGE in pregnant women with threatening preterm labor (UPR) in the period of 22-27 weeks, who subsequently gave birth to children with perinatal CNS lesion. Serum of venous blood of pregnant women with UPR at the term of 22-27 weeks was determined by ELISA once the content of sRAGE. If the value of sRAGE in pregnant women is 659.5 PG/ml or less, perinatal hypoxic lesions of the Central nervous system in newborns are predicted with an accuracy of 75.8% (sensitivity of 82.6%, specificity of 66.7%).

Brain-blood permeability: TNF-α promotes escape of protein tracer from CSF to blood

2000 ◽  
Vol 279 (1) ◽  
pp. R148-R151 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jodi B. Dickstein ◽  
Harvey Moldofsky ◽  
John B. Hay
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Tumor Necrosis ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Protein Clearance ◽  
Tracer Recovery ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Necrosis Factor

The objective of this study was to determine the effect of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α on the efflux of protein from the central nervous system to blood based on assessing the clearance of radiolabeled albumin from the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) to blood in rats. 125I-labeled human serum albumin (125I-HSA) was injected into a lateral ventricle, and venous blood was sampled hourly to determine the basal CSF protein clearance into the blood. After this, rats were intraventricularly infused with 10 μl TNF-α and 10 μl131I-HSA ( n = 6) or 10 μl saline and 10 μl 131I-HSA ( n = 6). Venous blood was sampled hourly for 3 h. 131I-HSA tracer recovery increased threefold in the venous blood and was significantly higher in the spleen, muscles, and skin in animals treated with TNF-α. No significant changes were observed in control animals treated with saline. The data suggest that TNF-α promotes the clearance of protein macromolecules from the CSF to the venous blood.

scholarly journals SOME ASPECTS OF THE PATHOGENESIS OF ISCHEMIC-HYPOXIC LESIONS OF THE CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM IN NEWBORNS

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 112-115
Author(s):  
Lyudmila Viktorovna Ledyaikina ◽  
Larisa Alexandrovna Balykova ◽  
Svetlana Vasilyevna Garina ◽  
Olga Nikolaevna Soldatova ◽  
A A Tolkunova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Red Blood Cells ◽  
Brain Damage ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Phospholipid Bilayer ◽  
Care Practice ◽  
Perinatal Morbidity ◽  
The Central Nervous System

The problem of perinatal morbidity in case of insufficiently high fertility in Russia is one of the most relevant at the monent. The leading cause of perinatal morbidity and mortality continue to remain hypoxic-ischemic brain damage the fetus and newborn. Ischemic-hypoxic damage of the central nervous system (CNS) is the most dangerous and prognostic significance. They often fatal and takes a leading role in the future of children and maladjustment of severe disabling diseases. Introduction of innovative medical technologies in health care practice greatly enhances the study of the causes of many diseases and abnormalities in newborns and helps to clarify the etiology, pathogenetic mechanisms, clinical and morphological structure, as well as typical for different gestational age localization of brain damage. It is shown that the generalized disorder of lipid metabolism with the development membranodestruktive processes is closely correlated with the severity of hypoxic-ischemic lesions of the central nervous system. It was found that infants who underwent antenatal and / or intranatal hypoxia, there are significant transformation of lipid metabolism lead to changes in the composition of lipids of blood plasma and red blood cells (with the accumulation level of chaotropic fractions phospholipid bilayer membranes of red blood cells - Lizoform phospholipids and free fatty acids). The necessity inclusion complex therapy consequences of perinatal hypoxia drugs, which have antioxidant, antihypoxic activity and the ability to regulate lipid metabolism.

scholarly journals Congenital anomalies of the central nervous system: prevalence in a fetal medicine service in the Brazilian Midwest

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carolina Leão de Moraes ◽  
Fernanda Sardinha de Abreu Tacon ◽  
Andréa de Faria Rezende Matos ◽  
Natália Cruz e Melo ◽  
Michelle Hermínia Mesquita de Castro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Prenatal Care ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Congenital Anomalies ◽  
Fetal Medicine ◽  
Medicine Service ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Prospective Longitudinal ◽  
Cns Anomalies

Introduction: Approximately 21% of congenital anomalies (CA) involve the Central Nervous System (CNS), constituting one of the most common birth defects, affecting 1 to 10: 1,000 of live births. Objective: To analyze the prevalence of CNS anomalies diagnosed by obstetric ultrasound. Methods: Prospective longitudinal cohort study carried out in a public fetal medicine service in Goiânia with pregnant women who were attended in high-risk prenatal care. The patients were followed up during the ultrasound exams from March 2018 to March 2019. Results: 225 cases of pregnant women with ultrasound diagnoses of CA were surveyed during the investigated period. CNS anomalies were the most prevalent, being present in 34.22% (77/225) of the cases. The mean maternal age of pregnant women was 25.55 years and mean gestational age was 28.84 weeks. Hydrocephalus was identified in 23 pregnant women (29.87%), being the most prevalent CNS anomalie. Anencephaly was present in 24.68% (19/77) and holoprosencephaly in 18.18% (14/77). Other CA were also diagnosed (21/77), such as meningocele, spina bifida, acrania, among others. However, they showed a lower prevalence in relation to hydrocephalus, anencephaly and holoprosencephaly. Conclusion: The findings are essential for the planning and allocation of hospital resources and investment in health. Besides that, to adequate and specific prenatal care, is indispensable in the search for reducing the incidence of these malformations, morbidity and improving survival rates of the affected population.

scholarly journals Follow-up of pregnant women with active cytomegalovirus infection

1999 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. 1049-1054
Author(s):  
H. Y. Al Ali ◽  
S. A. Yasseen ◽  
T. Y. Raof
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Congenital Malformations ◽  
Cmv Infection ◽  
Serological Evidence ◽  
Congenital Cmv Infection ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Congenital Cmv

Pregnant women [60]with and without serological evidence of active cytomegalovirus [CMV]infection were followed until delivery to detect the incidence and types of overt congenital CMV infection in neonates in Mosul, Iraq. Infection was diagnosed by the detection of CMV-IgM, using ELISA. CMV-IgM was detected in cord blood samples of six [10%]overtly sick infants [with different congenital malformations]born to mothers with active CMV infection. Central nervous system abnormalities were detected in all six cases [two with microcephaly and four with hydrocephaly]. Congenital CMV infection should be suspected in infants born with congenital malformations, especially those of the central nervous system. The detection of a significant number of hydrocephalus cases in our study is notable

scholarly journals The influence of stress during pregnancy on the central nervous system of mother and her child

2021 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 492-499
Author(s):  
Anna Kupryjaniuk ◽  
Michał Sobstyl
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Prefrontal Cortex ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Brain Research ◽  
Behavioral Therapy ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Pregnancy And Childbirth ◽  
The Central Nervous System

Pregnant women may experience high levels of stress, including those associated with finding oneself in a new reality. In addition, the new reality is the COVID-19 pandemic, which has contributed to the deterioration of the mental state of many people. Chronic stress can lead to neuroanatomical changes in the mother, but also in her baby. It leads to atrophy of neurons in the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex, and to the growth and enlargement of the amygdala, i.e. those structures that are responsible for emotions. The mother's emotions also shape the synapses in the fetus, and the neurotransmitters secreted by the mother modify the development of the baby's brain. Research is ongoing in many countries on the consequences of anxiety and depression in pregnant women during the COVID-19 pandemic. For this reason, it is important to take care of psychological well-being, for example by using the techniques of cognitive behavioral therapy. Support from relatives during pregnancy and childbirth is also an extremely important element in the proper development of the central nervous system of the mother and her child.

Neuroimmune conflict in Rh isosensitized pregnant women

1982 ◽  
Vol 63 (6) ◽  
pp. 40-42
Author(s):  
Yu. I. Borodin
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Therapeutic Measures

A neuroimmunological study of 156 pregnant women and their newborns in Rh-conflict pregnancies makes it possible to explain the cause of selective damage to the central nervous system of the fetus and newborn. The data obtained indicate the need for 'preventive and therapeutic measures taking into account the neuroimmune conflict.

scholarly journals THE ROLE OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING IN THE PERINATAL ASSESSMENT OF THE CONDITION FETAL CNS WITH HEMOLYTIC DISEASE, WHO RECEIVED TREATMENT BY INTRAUTERINE INTRAVASCULAR BLOOD TRANSFUSION

2018 ◽  
pp. 36-42
Author(s):  
A. A. Berman ◽  
A. V. Vazhenin ◽  
O. N. Chernova ◽  
N. V. Bashmakova
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Blood Transfusion ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Comparison Group ◽  
Main Group ◽  
Hemolytic Disease ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Central Nervous System

Objective: to determine the role of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in the pathomorphological evaluation of focal changes in the central nervous system (CNS) of fetuses with hemolytic disease before and after treatment, by intrauterine intravascular blood transfusion, and to compare the MRI data of fetuses with ultrasound neurosonography (NSH) newborns. The study included 45 pregnant women and their 45 newborns. Patients are divided into 2 groups. The main group: 30 pregnant women (mean gestation period 32,1 weeks) with hemolytic disease of the fetus who underwent intrauterine intravascular blood transfusion and their 30 newborns with hemolytic disease of the newborn. In this group, comparative MRI examinations of the central nervous system were performed using a protocol including fast MP sequences based on T1 and T2-weighted images, as well as the DWI pulse sequence, both before treatment (intrauterine intravascular blood transfusion of the fetus), and after treatment (regardless of the multiplicity of intrauterine intravascular transfusion — before delivery). The comparison group comprised 15 pregnant women (mean gestation period of 38,6 weeks) with no signs of hemolytic disease, examined by MRI for other indications (concomitant pathology of pregnancy) and their 15 newborns, comparable in gestational age to the main group. The obstetric anamnesis, the MRI data of the central nervous system of fetuses before the treatment (the first intrauterine intravascular transfusion) and after the treatment (before the delivery) and the results of ultrasound for the first day of life were analyzed. When comparing the MRI data of changes in the central nervous system, in the main group (in fetuses with bladder) in relation to the comparison group before treatment (the first intrauterine, intravascular transfusion), a high incidence of focal changes in the brain substance in the main group was revealed. The use of MRIdiagnostics demonstrates a decrease in the risk of development of PCNC in ischemic type, in dynamics before and after treatment. Based on the MRI diagnostic data of the fetal CNS, it is possible to judge the prognosis of the outcomes of hemolytic disease of the fetus, in comparison with the neonatal neurosonography data for the first day.

scholarly journals Efficiency of rehabilitation measures in reduction of perinatal morbidity

2009 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 134-139
Author(s):  
T. S. Krivonogova ◽  
T. Ye. Tropova
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Health Promotion ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Stress Hormones ◽  
Rehabilitation Program ◽  
Health Promotion Program ◽  
Perinatal Morbidity ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Maternal Disease

The clinical examination of 198 pregnant women after the health promotion program and their infants has been carried out. The content of stress hormones and the intensity of processes of lipid peroxidation have been studied, and adaptation abilities have been assessed. The use of the proposed rehabilitation program for pregnant women at early gestational ages favors the reduction of occurrence of feto-maternal disease and the increase of the adaptation reserve of women. Infants, whose mothers received the health promotional program, 3.5 times rarely had signs of the perinatal affection of the central nervous system.

scholarly journals Zika Virus Infection in Pregnant Women and Microcephaly

2017 ◽  
Vol 39 (05) ◽  
pp. 235-248 ◽  
Author(s):  
Geraldo Duarte ◽  
Antonio Moron ◽  
Artur Timerman ◽  
César Fernandes ◽  
Corintio Mariani Neto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Zika Virus ◽  
Rna Virus ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Short Period ◽  
Reproductive Life ◽  
Human Reproductive ◽  
The Central Nervous System

AbstractFrom the discovery of the Zika virus (ZIKV) in 1947 in Uganda (Africa), until its arrival in South America, it was not known that it would affect human reproductive life so severely. Today, damage to the central nervous system is known to be multiple, and microcephaly is considered the tip of the iceberg. Microcephaly actually represents the epilogue of this infection's devastating process on the central nervous system of embryos and fetuses. As a result of central nervous system aggression by the ZIKV, this infection brings the possibility of arthrogryposis, dysphagia, deafness and visual impairment. All of these changes of varying severity directly or indirectly compromise the future life of these children, and are already considered a congenital syndrome linked to the ZIKV. Diagnosis is one of the main difficulties in the approach of this infection. Considering the clinical part, it has manifestations common to infections by the dengue virus and the chikungunya fever, varying only in subjective intensities. The most frequent clinical variables are rash, febrile state, non-purulent conjunctivitis and arthralgia, among others. In terms of laboratory resources, there are also limitations to the subsidiary diagnosis. Molecular biology tests are based on polymerase chain reaction (PCR) with reverse transcriptase (RT) action, since the ZIKV is a ribonucleic acid (RNA) virus. The RT-PCR shows serum or plasma positivity for a short period of time, no more than five days after the onset of the signs and symptoms. The ZIKV urine test is positive for a longer period, up to 14 days. There are still no reliable techniques for the serological diagnosis of this infection. If there are no complications (meningoencephalitis or Guillain-Barré syndrome), further examination is unnecessary to assess systemic impairment. However, evidence is needed to rule out other infections that also cause rashes, such as dengue, chikungunya, syphilis, toxoplasmosis, cytomegalovirus, rubella, and herpes. There is no specific antiviral therapy against ZIKV, and the therapeutic approach to infected pregnant women is limited to the use of antipyretics and analgesics. Anti-inflammatory drugs should be avoided until the diagnosis of dengue is discarded. There is no need to modify the schedule of prenatal visits for pregnant women infected by ZIKV, but it is necessary to guarantee three ultrasound examinations during pregnancy for low-risk pregnancies, and monthly for pregnant women with confirmed ZIKV infection. Vaginal delivery and natural breastfeeding are advised.

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