scholarly journals EPIDEMIOLOGICAL AND CLINICAL-PATHOGENETIC ASPECTS OF DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS OF ACUTE INTESTINAL INFECTIONS IN ADULTS

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 138-145
Author(s):  
Murad Z. Shakhmardanov ◽  
V. V. Nikiforov ◽  
Y. N. Tomilin ◽  
S. V. Burova
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Small Intestine ◽  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Medical Care ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Pathological Process ◽  
Viral Gastroenteritis ◽  
Intestinal Infections ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Diarrhea Syndrome

The incidence of acute intestinal infections in the Russian Federation remains high and does not tend to decrease. The General susceptibility of the population, the variety of pathogens of infectious diseases accompanied by diarrhea syndrome, necessitates the improvement of clinical diagnosis and differential diagnosis in the treatment of patients with diarrhea at the primary stage of medical care. The article presents the etiological and epidemiological aspects of the most common in the Russian Federation acute intestinal infectious diseases accompanied by diarrhea syndrome: food toxicoinfections, viral gastroenteritis, salmonellosis, shigellosis, campylobacteriosis, pseudomembranous colitis. The sources of infection and pathways of pathogens are characterized. The pathogenesis of the main types of diarrhea caused by various pathogens of intestinal infections is described. It is shown that the action of enterotoxins of pathogens that activate adenylate cyclase contributes to the development of secretory type of diarrhea; the place of localization of the pathological process is the small intestine. Pathogens exhibiting high invasive activity contribute to the development of inflammatory type of diarrhea; the pathological process is localized in the colon. With direct damage to enterocytes of the small intestine by pathogens of viral gastroenteritis, an osmotic type of diarrhea is formed, associated with a violation of the digesting and absorption function of the small intestine. Presented distinctive clinical criteria of three types of diarrhea: color, consistency of the stool, the presence of pathological impurities in it. The differences of abdominal syndrome in the analyzed nosology: the nature and localization of abdominal pain. The presented differential diagnostic signs of diarrhea and abdominal syndrome allow for early diagnosis of infectious disease before laboratory confirmation and contribute to the improvement of the algorithm of medical care in acute intestinal infections accompanied by diarrhea syndrome.

scholarly journals Current trends in paediatric infections in the Russian Federation

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 119-133
Author(s):  
Yu. V. Lobzin ◽  
S. V. Rychkova ◽  
A. N. Uskov ◽  
N. V. Skripchenko ◽  
V. V. Fedorov
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Herd Immunity ◽  
Human Microbiome ◽  
Economic Damage ◽  
Comparative Dynamics ◽  
Treatment And Prevention ◽  
Intestinal Infections ◽  
Acute Respiratory Diseases ◽  
The Russian Federation

The onset of 2020 clearly demonstrated that infection agents pose a major threat to mankind. Current infectiology is shaped by resurrection of “old” seemingly forgotten infections, emergence of “new” infection agents, unusual combinations of known agents, evolving resistance of microorganisms to antibacterial drugs, transformation of human microbiome leading to distortions in herd immunity and, ultimately, emergence of healthcare-related infectious diseases, not letting alone threats of bioterror. Infection agents evolve together with mankind. Novel facets emerge in infectiology, alongside with trends in diagnosis, treatment and prevention of infectious diseases that become more diverse as the list of pathogens grows. Human and infection agent links extend beyond antagonistic relations towards symbiosis. Microorganisms adapt quickly in the new technogenic environment giving rise to novel pathogens and making it unlikely for the mankind to get free from infections any time soon.The total economic damage from infectious diseases increases by year, despite continuous improvement in therapy. Infectious mortality in children aged 0 to 14 years is the top fourth among other causes of death. The work assesses comparative dynamics of “common” childhood infections in the Russian Federation during 2018–2020. We analyse official statistics on paediatric infectious morbidity, comparative dynamics of main infectious diseases (acute respiratory diseases, intestinal infections of bacterial and viral nature, neuroinfections, anthropozoonotic infections, viral hepatitises), assess trends in morbidity of vaccine-preventable infections in children and adults in the Russian Federation, with greater detail towards selected regions, from January 2018 to April 2020.

scholarly journals Organization of the specialized medical care in infectious diseases during the period of preparations and the 2014 XXII Olympic Winter and XI Paralympic Winter Games Staging

2016 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 234-238
Author(s):  
V. N Gorodin ◽  
E. F Filippov ◽  
A. V Burlutskaya ◽  
V. G Orobei ◽  
A. N Kulichenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Medical Care ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Technical Equipment ◽  
Infectious Morbidity ◽  
Medical Supplies ◽  
Target Program ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The City ◽  
Epidemiological Situation

The paper presents the results of measures for the organization of specialized medical care in infectious diseases during the preparation and staging of the 2014 XXII Olympic Winter Games and XI Paralympic Winter Games in the city of Sochi. There is analyzed the complex of measures to ensure the readiness of infectious services in the Krasnodar territory. Special attention in the pre-Olympic period was focused on the training ofmedical personnel with regard to the peculiarities of the work at major international competitions and available epidemiological risks, including those associated with the possibility of skidding especially dangerous and exotic for the Russian Federation infections. There were strengthened the material and technical equipment of the infectious service of the Krasnodar territory and Sochi, updated inventory of medicines, medical supplies in case of emergencies in the field ofpublic health. In the framework of the target program of the Krasnodar territory «Provision of construction of Olympic venues and the development of Sochi city as a mountain climatic and balneological resort» there was built and put into operation a new hospital «Infectious hospital № 2», which became the main base for the treatment of patients with infectious pathology of the resort city of. Sochi. At the time of the Games there was implemented personnel strengthening infectious service Sochi by bringing in specialists from other regions of the Krasnodar territory. The article also presents data on the structure of infectious morbidity in the period of the Games staging. In conclusion, it is noted that due to results of the work including preventive and anti-epidemic measures it was possible to avoid serious complications of sanitary and epidemiological situation. No cases group and flare infectious morbidity during the Games were recorded.

scholarly journals Management of Children with Disease Caused by New Coronaviral Infection (SARS-CoV-2)

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 103-118 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yurii S. Alexandrovich ◽  
Elena N. Baybarina ◽  
Alexander A. Baranov ◽  
Elena A. Vishneva ◽  
Nadezda N. Zvereva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Medical Care ◽  
Clinical Features ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Practical Experience ◽  
Evidence Base ◽  
Safety Issues ◽  
Pathological Conditions ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Severity Of The Disease

The Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation jointly with professional association and experts in the field of pediatrics, infectious diseases and resuscitation has developed guidelines “Clinical Features and Management of the Disease Caused by New Coronaviral Infection (COVID-19) in Children” in order to provide the child population with effective medical care during the pandemic of the new coronaviral infection. The practical experience of specialists from various countries was considered during the development of this document. Special attention should be given to the evidence base of the presented data, as well as to the efficiency and safety issues of medications used in treatment of coronaviral infection and its complications. The authors highlight the problems of prevention, diagnostics and management of pathological conditions caused by COVID-19 in the article according to the presented guidelines. Patient’s management is presented depending on the age and severity of the disease itself. The therapy is considered with regard to etiological, pathogenetic and symptom focus.

scholarly journals Clinical Features and Management of the Disease Caused by New Coronaviral Infection (COVID-19) in Children. Version 2

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 187-212
Author(s):  
Yurii S. Alexandrovich ◽  
Ekaterina I. Alekseeva ◽  
Maya D. Bakradze ◽  
Alexander A. Baranov ◽  
Tatiana T. Batysheva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Medical Care ◽  
Clinical Features ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Practical Experience ◽  
Evidence Base ◽  
Safety Issues ◽  
Pathological Conditions ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Severity Of The Disease

The Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation jointly with professional association and experts in the field of pediatrics, infectious diseases and resuscitation has revised guidelines “Clinical Features and Management of the Disease Caused by New Coronaviral Infection (COVID-19) in Children” in order to provide the child population with effective medical care during the pandemic of the new coronaviral infection. The practical experience of specialists from various countries was considered during the development of this document. Special attention should be given to the evidence base of the presented data, as well as to the efficiency and safety issues of medications used in treatment of coronaviral infection and its complications. The authors highlight the problems of prevention, diagnostics and management of pathological conditions caused by COVID-19 in the article according to the presented guidelines. Patient’s management is presented depending on the age and severity of the disease itself. The therapy is considered with regard to etiological, pathogenetic and symptom focus.

Infectious diseases related to the provision of medical care. Actual problems for health careers and patients

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (12) ◽  
pp. 54-58
Author(s):  
M. A. Amkhadova ◽  
E. A. Bogovskaya ◽  
E. A. Remizova ◽  
A. Boroday
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Medical Care ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
The World ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Health Careers

The article analyzes the data on blood contact infections in the world. The risks of diseases associated with the provision of medical care are shown. The analysis of the organizational and legal regulation of this issue in the Russian Federation.

The Results of the External Audit of Medical Care for Children with Cancer in one of the Regions of the Russian Federation

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 67-79
Author(s):  
M.Yu. Rykov ◽  
◽  
E.N. Baibarina ◽  
O.V. Chumakova ◽  
V.G. Polyakov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medical Care ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
External Audit ◽  
Children With Cancer ◽  
The Russian Federation

Recommendations of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation on the formation of a temporary staff table of a medical organization providing medical care to citizens with coronavirus infection COVID-19

2020 ◽  
pp. 5-12
Author(s):  
Olga Shinkareva
Keyword(s):  
Medical Care ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Medical Organization ◽  
Ministry Of Health ◽  
Organization Of Work ◽  
Coronavirus Infection ◽  
The Russian Federation

Article is devoted to the analysis of the Order of the Russian Ministry of Health of 19.03.2020 № 198n (an edition of 29.04.2020) “About a temporary order of the organization of work of the medical organizations for implementation of measures for prevention and reduction of risk of spread of a new koronavirusny infection of COVID19” regarding formation of the temporary staff list of the division of the medical organization providing medical care to citizens with a koronavirusny infection of COVID-19 and also the requirement with the staff of this division. The criteria recommended by the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation for determining the number of rates of medical workers in these divisions, requirements for medical workers of the division have been considered, a practical example of calculation of rates has been given.

Analysis of the existing system of personal development of the head nurse

2020 ◽  
pp. 16-25
Author(s):  
Larisa Karaseva
Keyword(s):  
Medical Care ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Personal Development ◽  
Lean Production ◽  
Quality And Safety ◽  
Medical Organization ◽  
Head Nurse ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Role Of Nursing

The article presents the stages of implementation of the principles of lean production in the healthcare of the Russian Federation, outlines the goals and prospects of projects to optimize the quality and safety of medical care, emphasizes the role of nursing specialists in improving the ideology of a patient-oriented medical organization.

scholarly journals Human babesiosis: clinical cases in the european part of the Russian Federation

2019 ◽  
Vol 91 (11) ◽  
pp. 60-65
Author(s):  
A K Tokmalaev ◽  
V B Chentsov ◽  
V A Malov ◽  
V V Maleyev ◽  
G M Kozhevnikova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Clinical Picture ◽  
Epidemiological Data ◽  
European Part ◽  
Laboratory Studies ◽  
Direct Supervision ◽  
Clinical Observations ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Human Babesiosis

The article describes four clinical observations of patients with babesiosis detected in the European part of the Russian Federation, two of whom were under the direct supervision of the authors. The analysis of epidemiological data, clinical picture, results of laboratory studies in the dynamics of the disease. Differential diagnosis and treatment are discussed.

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