THE IMPACT OF TOWING GEARS ON THE BENTHIC MAKROFAUNA: CURRENT STATUS FOR BLACK SEA AND THE SEA OF MARMARA

Abstract In the article is analyzed own field data of the authors and scientific publications on the wintering of Anserinae in the Azov-Black Sea region of Ukraine in 1900–2017, but the main data was obtained in frame of international mid-winter counts (IWC) in 2005–2017. It was found that 9 species of Anserinae occur in this region during the different seasons of the year: Anser anser — nesting, wintering and migrating; Rufibrenta ruficollis, A. albifrons, A. erythropus, A. fabalis — migrating and wintering; Branta canadensis, Branta leucopsis, Branta bernicla, Chen caerulescens — vagrant or birds which flew away from captivity (zoo etc.). Eulabeia indica — is possible vagrant species. The most numerous wintering species is A. albifrons, common — Rufibrenta ruficollis, not numerous — Anser anser, the other species are not met annually and registered in a very small number. There was almost tenfold drop in number of wintering geese in the Azov-Black Sea region of Ukraine during the period of counts. The main reasons of such reducing of geese amount are the followwing: weather and climate conditions, changes in the forage acessibility, hunting and poaching pressure, poisoning as a result of deratization of agricultural lands, and from 2014 — the militarization of the Syvash area and stop of water supplying of Crimea through the North Crimean channell. It is likely that the factors mentioned above led to relocating of wintering areas of Anserinae, and resulted in decreasing of their amount in this region.

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Clinical Pharmacokinetic Studies in Pregnant Women and the Relevance of Pharmacometric Tools

Current Pharmaceutical Design ◽

10.2174/1381612825666190320135137 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 25 (5) ◽

pp. 483-495 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

André Dallmann ◽

Paola Mian ◽

Johannes Van den Anker ◽

Karel Allegaert

Keyword(s):

Pregnant Women ◽

Clinical Pharmacokinetic ◽

Individual Variability ◽

Current Status ◽

Pharmacokinetic Studies ◽

Full Potential ◽

Pbpk Models ◽

Pregnancy And Postpartum ◽

Population Pk ◽

The Impact

Background: In clinical pharmacokinetic (PK) studies, pregnant women are significantly underrepresented because of ethical and legal reasons which lead to a paucity of information on potential PK changes in this population. As a consequence, pharmacometric tools became instrumental to explore and quantify the impact of PK changes during pregnancy. Methods: We explore and discuss the typical characteristics of population PK and physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) models with a specific focus on pregnancy and postpartum. Results: Population PK models enable the analysis of dense, sparse or unbalanced data to explore covariates in order to (partly) explain inter-individual variability (including pregnancy) and to individualize dosing. For population PK models, we subsequently used an illustrative approach with ketorolac data to highlight the relevance of enantiomer specific modeling for racemic drugs during pregnancy, while data on antibiotic prophylaxis (cefazolin) during surgery illustrate the specific characteristics of the fetal compartments in the presence of timeconcentration profiles. For PBPK models, an overview on the current status of reports and papers during pregnancy is followed by a PBPK cefuroxime model to illustrate the added benefit of PBPK in evaluating dosing regimens in pregnant women. Conclusions: Pharmacometric tools became very instrumental to improve perinatal pharmacology. However, to reach their full potential, multidisciplinary collaboration and structured efforts are needed to generate more information from already available datasets, to share data and models, and to stimulate cross talk between clinicians and pharmacometricians to generate specific observations (pathophysiology during pregnancy, breastfeeding) needed to further develop the field.

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Perspectives on the Situation

The Oxford Handbook of Personality and Social Psychology ◽

10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190224837.013.4 ◽

2018 ◽

pp. 66-96

Author(s):

Harry T. Reis ◽

John G. Holmes

Keyword(s):

Personality Traits ◽

Current Status ◽

Psychological Processes ◽

Social Psychological ◽

The Impact

This chapter reviews major theoretical positions on the influence of situations for the understanding of both personality and social–psychological processes. We review the history and current status of this topic, and we describe in some detail two recent theories that seem particularly amenable toward resolving the disparate approaches that this distinction often engenders. Broadly considered, our position is that personality and situations must be considered interacting factors, but in a theoretically specific way. The concept of affordance—that situations provide opportunities for the expression of certain personality traits—is central to our analysis. We also discuss several issues that personality and social psychologists might profitably consider to provide better grounding for theories and research about the impact of situations on behavior.

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Tourism research for the GCC region: Current status and future research directions

Tourism Economics ◽

10.1177/1354816621999968 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 135481662199996

Author(s):

Ali Salman Saleh ◽

Charbel Bassil ◽

Arsalan Safari

Keyword(s):

United Arab Emirates ◽

Current Status ◽

Future Research ◽

Research Directions ◽

Regional Tourism ◽

Research Theme ◽

Tourism Sector ◽

Future Research Directions ◽

Meta Analyses ◽

The Impact

Tourism in the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries has recently been considered by policymakers as a new avenue for economic diversification. Despite the considerable literature concerning the impact of tourism worldwide, only a limited number of studies have looked at the tourism sector in the GCC region or analyzed its economic, sociocultural, and environmental impacts. This article therefore conducts a systematic review of the state of the literature related to tourism in the GCC region. It provides effective insights about the current status, gaps, and challenges and proposes future research directions in this area for academics, practitioners, and policymakers with an interest in regional tourism development. The preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses approach was used to identify and select the papers. Some 23 papers were identified and analyzed. The majority of these studies focused on the United Arab Emirates, specifically the Dubai emirate. We found the most dominant research theme to be tourism planning.

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Multi-Criteria Analysis of the Mass Tourism Management Model Related to the Impact on the Local Community in Constanta City (Romania)

Inventions ◽

10.3390/inventions6030046 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 6 (3) ◽

pp. 46

Author(s):

Catalin Anton ◽

Angela-Eliza Micu ◽

Eugen Rusu

Keyword(s):

Black Sea ◽

Seasonal Cycle ◽

Local Community ◽

Local Economy ◽

Management Model ◽

The Black Sea ◽

Mass Tourism ◽

Tourism Management ◽

The Impact ◽

The City

Traditionally and socially, the tourism in Constanta is considered to be important to the local economy. Sun and beach locations are both a draw for locals and tourists to the city, on the Black Sea. However, vacation-oriented activities in the city only have a seasonal cycle. In this paper, we proposed to analyze the mass tourist activity in Constanta, taking into account economic, social, and environmental conditions. Additionally, we attempted to build a model based on the data available. The model was developed using a PESTEL analysis to determine the supportability factor of the indicators identified. We also set out to create a projection of the activities proposed for analysis by 2050. To create a model for coastal areas, the data used in this research must be accurate and consistent. Furthermore, correctly identifying indicators and their relationships is a critical step in conducting a thorough study. Last but not least, finding the calculation coefficient for the activity in question is critical, as collecting data from various activities might be challenging when trying to find a feasible model.

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Viability Assessment in Liver Transplantation—What Is the Impact of Dynamic Organ Preservation?

Biomedicines ◽

10.3390/biomedicines9020161 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (2) ◽

pp. 161

Author(s):

Rebecca Panconesi ◽

Mauricio Flores Carvalho ◽

Matteo Mueller ◽

David Meierhofer ◽

Philipp Dutkowski ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Liver Function ◽

Organ Preservation ◽

Ex Situ ◽

Current Status ◽

Intensive Care Treatment ◽

Viability Assessment ◽

Great Opportunity ◽

Continuous Increase ◽

Diagnostic Time ◽

The Impact

Based on the continuous increase of donor risk, with a majority of organs classified as marginal, quality assessment and prediction of liver function is of utmost importance. This is also caused by the notoriously lack of effective replacement of a failing liver by a device or intensive care treatment. While various parameters of liver function and injury are well-known from clinical practice, the majority of specific tests require prolonged diagnostic time and are more difficult to assess ex situ. In addition, viability assessment of procured organs needs time, because the development of the full picture of cellular injury and the initiation of repair processes depends on metabolic active tissue and reoxygenation with full blood over several hours or days. Measuring injury during cold storage preservation is therefore unlikely to predict the viability after transplantation. In contrast, dynamic organ preservation strategies offer a great opportunity to assess organs before implantation through analysis of recirculating perfusates, bile and perfused liver tissue. Accordingly, several parameters targeting hepatocyte or cholangiocyte function or metabolism have been recently suggested as potential viability tests before organ transplantation. We summarize here a current status of respective machine perfusion tests, and report their clinical relevance.

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67 Current Status and Future Prospective of the Use of Plant Bioactive Compounds in Dairy and Beef Cattle

Journal of Animal Science ◽

10.1093/jas/skab054.222 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 99 (Supplement_1) ◽

pp. 132-132

Author(s):

Sergio Calsamiglia ◽

Maria Rodriguez-Prado ◽

Gonzalo Fernandez-Turren ◽

Lorena Castillejos

Keyword(s):

Beef Cattle ◽

Essential Oils ◽

Average Daily Gain ◽

Rumen Fermentation ◽

Production Performance ◽

In Vivo Studies ◽

Current Status ◽

The Impact

Abstract In the last 20 years there has been extensive in vitro research on the effects of plant extracts and essential oils on rumen microbial fermentation. The main objectives have been to improve energy metabolism through a reduction in methane emissions and an increase in propionate production; and to improve protein metabolism by reducing proteolysis and deamination. While the positive results from in vitro studies has stimulated the release of commercial products based on blends of essential oils, there is limited in vivo evidence on the rumen fermentation and production performance effects. A literature search was conducted to select in vivo studies where information on rumen fermentation and animal performance was reported. For dairy cattle, we identified 37 studies of which 21 were adequate to test production performance. Ten studies reported increases and 3 decreases in milk yield. For beef cattle, we identified 20 studies with rumen fermentation profile and 22 with performance data. Average daily gain improved in 7 and decreased in 1 study. Only 1 out of 16 studies reported an improvement in feed efficiency. Data indicate that out of more than 500 products tested in vitro, only around 20 have been tested in vivo in different mixtures and doses. The use of statistical approaches will allow to describe the conditions, doses and responses in dairy and beef cattle performance. The search for postruminal effects offers another alternative use. Evidence for effects on the intestinal and systemic effects on the immune system and antioxidant status (i.e., capsicum, garlic, eugenol, cinnamaldehyde curcuma, catechins, anethol or pinene), and in the modulation of metabolic regulation (capsicum, cinnamaldehyde, curcuma or garlic) may open the opportunity for future applications. However, stability of the product in the GI tract, description of the mechanisms of action and the impact of these changes on performance needs to be further demonstrated.

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Dryland Food Security in Ethiopia: Current Status, Opportunities, and a Roadmap for the Future

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su13116503 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (11) ◽

pp. 6503

Author(s):

Yu Peng ◽

Hubert Hirwa ◽

Qiuying Zhang ◽

Guoqin Wang ◽

Fadong Li

Keyword(s):

Food Security ◽

Current Status ◽

Future Research ◽

Systematic Research ◽

Security Assessment ◽

Security Issue ◽

Sustainable Development Goal ◽

Zero Hunger ◽

The Impact

Given the impact of COVID-19 and the desert locust plague, the Ethiopian food security issue has once again received widespread attention. Its food crisis requires comprehensive and systematic research to achieve the United Nations Sustainable Development Goal of zero hunger. This review discusses the current situation and the causes of food security in Ethiopia. We focus on the challenges in the food security assessment field. The article lists seven typical causes of food insecurity and three roots of food security in Ethiopia. Long-term food security assessment and a comprehensive understanding and manageability for food security causes are considered as the main existing research challenges. Climate-resilient management, water management, and long-term ecosystem network monitoring and data mining are suggested as potential roadmap for future research.

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Infection control: current status. risks, research, rules and recycling

Orthodontic Update ◽

10.12968/ortu.2021.14.2.59 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 14 (2) ◽

pp. 59-66

Author(s):

Jennifer Haworth ◽

Jonathan Sandy ◽

Anthony J Ireland

Keyword(s):

Infection Control ◽

Best Practice ◽

Mainland China ◽

Current Status ◽

Infectious Agents ◽

Emerging Infections ◽

Healthcare Waste ◽

Control Procedures ◽

The Uk ◽

The Impact

We are living through a period of immense change following the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic in mainland China in December 2019. Even before the pandemic, the cost of managing healthcare-associated infections in the UK was considerable. The risk of acquiring any infection from the dental environment must be reduced to a minimum. As we have observed in recent years, new infectious agents emerge frequently, and the dental profession must be ready to respond appropriately and quickly. Orthodontic practice presents unique challenges in relation to infection control procedures. The impact of healthcare waste on the environment must also be considered. CPD/Clinical Relevance: This paper describes the range of infectious agents posing a risk to dental team members and patients. The aim is to place the recent coronavirus pandemic in the context of other recent emerging infections. Some of the latest research regarding infection control procedures is reviewed. Current best practice is described.

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Anthropogenic Impact on the Lithodynamics of the Coastal Zone of the Southern and Western Black Sea Coast (Review)

Ekologicheskaya bezopasnost pribrezhnoy i shel fovoy zon morya ◽

10.22449/2413-5577-2021-2-5-29 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

T. V. Efremova ◽

Yu. N. Goryachkin ◽

◽

Keyword(s):

Coastal Zone ◽

Black Sea ◽

Bottom Sediments ◽

Anthropogenic Impact ◽

River Flow ◽

The Black Sea ◽

Negative Consequences ◽

Coastal Zones ◽

Natural Dynamics ◽

The Impact

Anthropogenic impact on lithodynamics of the coastal zone changes the natural dynamics of bottom sediments, which leads to increased abrasion and swelling of beaches, activation of landslide processes creating a threat of destruction of the coastal infrastructure. The article aims at providing an overview of the scientific literature on the anthropogenic impact on lithodynamics of the coastal zone of the southern and western coasts of the Black Sea (shores of Romania, Bulgaria and Turkey). The work shows that with all the differences in the natural conditions of the coastal zones of these countries the types of anthropogenic effects they undergo are almost the same. These include: hydrotechnical construction without regard to the impact on the neighbouring coast sections; reduction of solid river flow due to river regulation by reservoirs; construction of capital facilities directly on the beaches; illegal extraction of sand from beaches and river beds; dredging with sale of the extracted material to construction companies; covering of cliffs by various structures; destruction of coastal dunes, etc. The main negative consequences of these actions are reflected in disruption of natural dynamics and shortages of bottom sediments, changes in the coastline, reduced aesthetic attractiveness and accessibility of shores, destruction of coastal ecosystems. The article also provides information on the legislation of these countries regarding environmental management in the coastal zone

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