Neuropsychological Evaluation in the Vocational Rehabilitation of Brain Injured Clients

1989 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 3-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dean S. Hallauer ◽  
Robert A. Prosser ◽  
Kathryn F. Swift
Keyword(s):  
Brain Injury ◽  
Vocational Rehabilitation ◽  
Neurological Disorder ◽  
Relevant Information ◽  
Neuropsychological Evaluation ◽  
Behavioral Deficits ◽  
Rehabilitation Counselor ◽  
Systematic Assessment ◽  
Brain Injured ◽  
History Of

Clients with history of brain injury or neurological disorder can be challenging for the vocational rehabilitation counselor (VRC) to assess and help rehabilitate. Neuropsychological evaluation provides systematic assessment of deficits in functioning secondary to brain injury. Such assessments can be of great value to the VRC, but may not be widely known or utilized by VRCs in many areas. This paper discusses issues of vocational rehabilitation of brain injured individuals, and proposes guidelines for eliciting relevant information from the client and for making appropriate referral for neuropsychological evaluation. VRCs are in an excellent position to identify individuals for whom neuropsychological evaluation is needed, since cognitive and behavioral deficits resulting from brain injury or neurological disorder are frequently not addressed until the question is raised during the vocational rehabilitation process.

scholarly journals Increased Vulnerability of NFH-LacZ Transgenic Mouse to Traumatic Brain Injury-Induced Behavioral Deficits and Cortical Damage

1999 ◽  
Vol 19 (7) ◽  
pp. 762-770 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michio Nakamura ◽  
Kathryn E. Saatman ◽  
James E. Galvin ◽  
Uwe Scherbel ◽  
Ramesh Raghupathi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Motor Dysfunction ◽  
Tissue Loss ◽  
Post Injury ◽  
Behavioral Deficits ◽  
Beam Balance ◽  
Brain Injured ◽  
Neuromotor Function ◽  
Histopathologic Analysis

The authors evaluated the neurobehavioral and neuropathologic sequelae after traumatic brain injury (TBI) in transgenic (TG) mice expressing truncated high molecular weight neurofilament (NF) protein fused to beta-galactosidase (NFH-LacZ), which develop Lewy body-like NF-rich inclusions throughout the CNS. TG mice and their wild-type (WT) littermates were subjected to controlled cortical impact brain injury (TG, n=19; WT, n=17) or served as uninjured controls (TG, n =11; WT, n =11). During a 3-week period, mice were evaluated with an array of neuromotor function tests including neuroscore, beam balance, and both fast and slow acceleration rotarod. Brain-injured WT and TG mice showed significant motor dysfunction until 15 days and 21 days post-injury, respectively ( P < .025). Compared with brain-injured WT mice, brain-injured TG mice had significantly greater motor dysfunction as assessed by neuroscore ( P < .01) up to and including 15 days post-injury. Similarly, brain-injured TG mice performed significantly worse than brain-injured WT mice on slow acceleration rotarod at 2, 8, and 15 days post-injury ( P < .05), and beam balance over 2 weeks post-injury ( P < .01). Histopathologic analysis showed significantly greater tissue loss in the injured hemisphere in TG mice at 4 weeks post-injury ( P < .01). Together these data show that NFH-LacZ TG mice are more behaviorally and histologically vulnerable to TBI than WT mice, suggesting that the presence of NF-rich inclusions may exacerbate neuromotor dysfunction and cell death after TBI.

Oral-Movement Abilities and Articulatory Characteristics of Brain-Injured Adults

1974 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leonard L. La Pointe ◽  
Robert T. Wertz
Keyword(s):  
Brain Injury ◽  
Apraxia Of Speech ◽  
Oral Motor ◽  
Brain Injured ◽  
History Of ◽  
Injured Patients ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Normal Adults

We compared the performance of 28 brain-injured adults who displayed articulation problems with that of 28 adults with no history of brain-injury on tests of isolated oral movement and oral-motor sequencing. An attempt was made to classify the brain-injured patients by administering an articulation test and employing three criteria for differentiating apraxia of speech from dysarthria: presence of initiation errors, more substitution errors than combined omission and distortion errors, and the presence of islands of error-free production. While the brain-injured group performed significantly worse on the isolated oral-movement and oral-motor sequencing tests than the normal adults, not all brain-injured patients demonstrated difficulty on these tasks. We were able to identify 13 patients who met all three criteria (apraxia of speech), 3 who met none (dysarthria), and 12 who met one or two but not all (mixed apraxia of speech and dysarthria). Isolated oral-movement and oral-motor sequencing deficits were found in all three groups, but no significant differences among groups on these tasks were observed.

scholarly journals Impaired visual working memory and reduced connectivity in undergraduates with a history of mild traumatic brain injury

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hector Arciniega ◽  
Jorja Shires ◽  
Sarah Furlong ◽  
Alexandrea Kilgore-Gomez ◽  
Adelle Cerreta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Working Memory ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Mild Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Resting State Fmri ◽  
Underlying Mechanism ◽  
Post Injury ◽  
Behavioral Deficits ◽  
Specific Outcome ◽  
History Of

AbstractMild traumatic brain injury (mTBI), or concussion, accounts for 85% of all TBIs. Yet survivors anticipate full cognitive recovery within several months of injury, if not sooner, dependent upon the specific outcome/measure. Recovery is variable and deficits in executive function, e.g., working memory (WM) can persist years post-mTBI. We tested whether cognitive deficits persist in otherwise healthy undergraduates, as a conservative indicator for mTBI survivors at large. We collected WM performance (change detection, n-back tasks) using various stimuli (shapes, locations, letters; aurally presented numbers and letters), and wide-ranging cognitive assessments (e.g., RBANS). We replicated the observation of a general visual WM deficit, with preserved auditory WM. Surprisingly, visual WM deficits were equivalent in participants with a history of mTBI (mean 4.3 years post-injury) and in undergraduates with recent sports-related mTBI (mean 17 days post-injury). In seeking the underlying mechanism of these behavioral deficits, we collected resting state fMRI (rsfMRI) and EEG (rsEEG). RsfMRI revealed significantly reduced connectivity within WM-relevant networks (default mode, central executive, dorsal attention, salience), whereas rsEEG identified no differences (modularity, global efficiency, local efficiency). In summary, otherwise healthy current undergraduates with a history of mTBI present behavioral deficits with evidence of persistent disconnection long after full recovery is expected.

Assessment of executive function in bilingual adults with history of mild traumatic brain injury

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ileana Ratiu ◽  
Tamiko Azuma
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Executive Function ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Mild Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Language Proficiency ◽  
Flanker Task ◽  
Relevant Information ◽  
History Of ◽  
Language Assessments ◽  
Standardized Measure

AbstractBackground and objective:Adults with a history of traumatic brain injury (TBI) often show deficits in executive function (EF), including the ability to inhibit, switch, and attend to task relevant information. Although performances differences between bilinguals and monolinguals have been observed in EF tasks, there is little research on the effect of TBI on EF in bilinguals. In this study, an ecologically valid standardized measure and experimental computerized tasks of EF were administered to Spanish-English bilingual adults with and without history of mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI).Method:Twenty-two bilinguals with a history of mTBI [mean age=20.1 years, SD=3.7; education=13.4 years, SD=0.7] and 20 control bilinguals [mean age=20.8 years, SD=3.6; education=13.7 years, SD=1.1], matched for age and education, completed language proficiency questionnaires, the Functional Assessment of Verbal Reasoning and Executive Strategies (FAVRES), English and Spanish language assessments, and a Flanker task (a test of inhibition).Results:Performance was analyzed using analyses of covariance. The results revealed that bilinguals with a history of mTBI performed worse on both the standardized assessment (FAVRES) and inhibition task. Interestingly, self-reported EF deficits were consistent with performance on these measures.Conclusion:The findings of this study provide useful information regarding assessment of EF deficits in bilinguals with a history mTBI. Computerized experimental tasks of EF may also prove useful in the assessment of EF in individuals with mTBI.

PGR - 2 Neuropsychology’s Role in Identifying Functional Neurological Disorder

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (6) ◽  
pp. 828-828
Author(s):  
J Mietchen ◽  
A Kessler-Jones ◽  
P Mission
Keyword(s):  
Neurological Disorder ◽  
Neuropsychological Evaluation ◽  
Performance Validity ◽  
Appropriate Treatment ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
History Of ◽  
Neuropsychological Evaluations ◽  
Performance Validity Measures ◽  
One Year ◽  
Functional Neurological Disorder

Abstract Objective To outline the usefulness of neuropsychological evaluation in identifying functional neurological disorder. Functional neurological disorder accounts for an estimated 16% of neurology referrals and is a “crisis of neurology” (Edwards & Bhatia, 2012). Adolescents with a history of neurologic compromise, including autoimmune disorders, are at increased risk for comorbid functional neurological disorder (Reuber, Mitchell, Howlett, Crimlisk, & Grünewald, 2005). Method 16-year-old female with a history of Hoshimoto’s encephalopathy referred by her neurologist. Following diagnosis and treatment, she developed a constellation of symptoms, including wide set gait, nystagmus, incontinence, and dystonic episodes. She also reported lapses in memory that lasted a few minutes at a time. During these episodes, she forgot who her mother was and forgot details about her home, which resulted in panic. Results Two neuropsychological evaluations were completed over two years. Psychometric intelligence declined by two standard deviations compared to previous testing one year before. Her performance on memory tasks declined dramatically as well. Despite these declines, there was no decline in activities of daily living. She failed embedded and stand-alone performance validity measures (RDS = 4; TOMM = 29, 30, 28). These findings were described to her neurologist and psychiatrist and we discussed the importance of identifying functional symptoms in the context of her medical history. Conclusions Our evaluation identified significant discrepancies between neuropsychological performance and daily cognitive functioning. The memory lapses she described were inconsistent with any known etiology or illness. Neuropsychological evaluation identified symptoms of a functional nature and assisted in appropriate treatment planning.

White Privilege: A Primer for the Vocational Rehabilitation Counselor

2008 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 10-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandra LeBlanc ◽  
Keith B. Wilson ◽  
Karen Juchau
Keyword(s):  
Vocational Rehabilitation ◽  
White Privilege ◽  
Minority Groups ◽  
The United States ◽  
Rehabilitation Counselor ◽  
Rehabilitation Outcome ◽  
Rehabilitation Outcomes ◽  
Northern European ◽  
European Americans ◽  
History Of

Vocational rehabilitation outcome discrepancy studies point to a lingering disparity in outcomes between Northern European- Americans (white) and racial minority groups in the United States. Despite the history of the study of white privilege and its impact in many fields and disciplines, the possible connection between vocational rehabilitation outcome discrepancies and the values and attitudes engendered by white privilege are rarely discussed in rehabilitation literature. This paper explores the possible role of white privilege in disparities between vocational rehabilitation outcomes experienced by racial minorities and those experienced by whites.

Enhanced Vocational Rehabilitation: A Pilot for Veterans With Cognitive Impairment and a History of Mild TBI

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maureen K. O'Connor ◽  
Lisa Mueller ◽  
Alicia Semiatin ◽  
Charles E. Drebing ◽  
Shihwe Wang
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Vocational Rehabilitation ◽  
Mild Tbi ◽  
History Of

The use of a Domain Ontology for the Management of Essential Hypertension (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emma Chavez ◽  
Vanessa Perez ◽  
Angélica Urrutia
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Essential Hypertension ◽  
Medical History ◽  
Medical Records ◽  
Medical Training ◽  
Relevant Information ◽  
Domain Ontology ◽  
Free Text ◽  
Snomed Ct ◽  
History Of

BACKGROUND : Currently, hypertension is one of the diseases with greater risk of mortality in the world. Particularly in Chile, 90% of the population with this disease has idiopathic or essential hypertension. Essential hypertension is characterized by high blood pressure rates and it´s cause is unknown, which means that every patient might requires a different treatment, depending on their history and symptoms. Different data, such as history, symptoms, exams, etc., are generated for each patient suffering from the disease. This data is presented in the patient’s medical record, in no order, making it difficult to search for relevant information. Therefore, there is a need for a common, unified vocabulary of the terms that adequately represent the diseased, making searching within the domain more effective. OBJECTIVE The objective of this study is to develop a domain ontology for essential hypertension , therefore arranging the more significant data within the domain as tool for medical training or to support physicians’ decision making will be provided. METHODS The terms used for the ontology were extracted from the medical history of de-identified medical records, of patients with essential hypertension. The Snomed-CT’ collection of medical terms, and clinical guidelines to control the disease were also used. Methontology was used for the design, classes definition and their hierarchy, as well as relationships between concepts and instances. Three criteria were used to validate the ontology, which also helped to measure its quality. Tests were run with a dataset to verify that the tool was created according to the requirements. RESULTS An ontology of 310 instances classified into 37 classes was developed. From these, 4 super classes and 30 relationships were obtained. In the dataset tests, 100% correct and coherent answers were obtained for quality tests (3). CONCLUSIONS The development of this ontology provides a tool for physicians, specialists, and students, among others, that can be incorporated into clinical systems to support decision making regarding essential hypertension. Nevertheless, more instances should be incorporated into the ontology by carrying out further searched in the medical history or free text sections of the medical records of patients with this disease.

Handbook of Electrogastrography

2003 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Activity ◽  
Neuromuscular Disorders ◽  
Relevant Information ◽  
Cellular Level ◽  
Clinical Practices ◽  
Physiological Basis ◽  
Gastric Dysrhythmias ◽  
History Of ◽  
Major Section ◽  
Cells Of Cajal

The Handbook of Electrogastrography is the first textbook dedicated to reviewing the physiology of gastric myelectrical activity and the measurement of this electrical activity with electrodes placed on the abdominal surface - the electrogastrogram. The Handbook is divided into three major sections. The first section (Chapters 1-3) focuses on the history of electrogastrography, electrical activity of the interstitial cells of Cajal, the cells from which gastric electrical rhythmicity emanates. The cellular level of gastric electrical rhythmicity provides an understanding of the physiological basis of the electrogastrogram signal. The second major section of the book (Chapters 4-6) incorporates the practical aspects of recording a high quality electrogastrogram and approaches to the analysis of the electrogastrogram using visual inspection and computer techniques. This section focuses on the authors' combined experience of examining EGG recordings for more than sixty years. From this rich research and clinical experience, the clinical application of EGG recordings in an approach to patients with unexplained nausea and vomiting is described. Neuromuscular disorders of the stomach involving gastric dysrhythmias are reviewed. The third major section of the book (Chapters 7-9) comprises many examples of gastric dysrythmias ranging from bradygastrias to tachygastrias and mixed dysrythmias. Current understanding of the mechanisms of gastric dysrhythmias is reviewed. Artifacts in the EGG signal, which may be confused with gastric dysrhythmias, are also presented. The Handbook of Electrogastrography will be a valuable reference for physicians interested in recording gastric electrical activity in clinical practices or in clinical research. Gastroenterologists, internists, psychologists and others with an interest in gastric myoelectrical events will also find extensive and relevant information for recording and interpreting EGGs in the Handbook.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document