Gender, Race, and Depressive/Mood Disorders: An Analyses of State-Federal Rehabilitation Outcomes

2007 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
James Schaller ◽  
Nancy K. Yang
Keyword(s):  
African American ◽  
Mood Disorders ◽  
African American Males ◽  
Depressive Mood ◽  
African American Females ◽  
Rehabilitation Service ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Case Closure

Differences in rates of case closure, case service cost, hours worked, and earnings per week for White and African American males and females, aged 18 to 60 years with depressive/mood disorders were examined using the Rehabilitation Service Administration data base of 2004. Using Chi-square analyses, White females had statistically significantly higher successful case closure rates than did African American males and females. Using analyses of variance and post-hoc Scheffe tests, White and African American males had statistically significantly higher mean earnings per week than did White and African American females. African American females had statistically significantly lower mean case service costs than did White males and females. Implications for rehabilitation professionals and for future research on outcomes with consumers with depressive/mood disorders are provided.

Transition-Age Adults with ADHD: Gender and Predictors of Vocational Rehabilitation Outcomes

2006 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
James Schaller ◽  
Nancy K. Yang ◽  
Audrey Trainor
Keyword(s):  
Vocational Rehabilitation ◽  
Job Search ◽  
Demographic Variable ◽  
Rehabilitation Service ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Competitive Employment ◽  
Rehabilitation Professionals ◽  
Rehabilitation Outcomes ◽  
White Males ◽  
Case Closure

Differences in rates of case closure, case service cost, hours worked per week, and weekly wage between White males and females with Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder were examined using the Rehabilitation Service Administration national data base of 2002. Females had statistically significantly higher case service costs than males. Using logistic regression, the customer demographic variable related to successful competitive employment for males was age. Case service variables related to successful competitive employment for males were vocational rehabilitation counseling, job search assistance, and job placement. The customer case service variable related to successful competitive employment for females was job search assistance. Implications for rehabilitation professionals and for future research on vocational rehabilitation outcomes with consumers with ADHD are provided.

scholarly journals The efects of whey protein and resistant starch on body weight

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (8) ◽  
pp. 275
Author(s):  
Fatemah Malekian ◽  
Sebhatu Sebhatu Gebrelul ◽  
James F Henson ◽  
Kasundra D. Cyrus ◽  
Mfamara Goita ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
African American ◽  
Treatment Group ◽  
African Americans ◽  
Nutrition Education ◽  
Whey Protein ◽  
African American Males ◽  
Resistant Starch ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Males And Females

Background: Obesity is widely recognized as one of the most critical health threats to families and children across the country.  Obesity is a very serious health problem for people in Louisiana and especially in African Americans Children with 40.5% in the State classified as either overweight or obese as compared to 41.2% nationally. African American women have the highest rates of being overweight or obese (79.8%) compared to non-Hispanic whites (57.9%). In 2007, African Americans were 1.4 times as likely to be obese as whites. Therefore this study was designed to test the impact of dietary whey protein (WP) and resistant starch (RS) shakes/smoothies on reduction of body fat via increased satiety and increased energy expenditure in African Americans. Methods: Twenty eight African American males and females, age 21-43 years old were randomly divided into two groups.  For a period of 24-weeks, the treatment group consumed WP and RS shakes/smoothies for breakfast and received nutrition education. For the same period, the control group consumed the same shake/smoothies but with starch powder and received nutrition education. The data was analyzed using SAS version 9.3. Results: At the end of the 24 week study, the treatment group lost a mean body weight of approximately 7 kg (P ≤ 0.008) that was significantly different from the control group (P ≤ 0.209). In addition, the treatment group exhibited a significant decrease of ~6 cm in waist circumference (P ≤ 0.023).  There was no significant effect on mean blood pressure in treatment and control group.Conclusion: The findings from this study suggest that a combination of WP and RS in the form of shake/smoothie consumed for breakfast along with a nutrition education component may be an effective method in decreasing body weight, improving waist circumferences and cumulative food intake in African American males and females. Key Words:  Whey Protein, Resistant Starch, Obesity, Breakfast shakes, Nutrition education 

“Invisible Sportswomen”: The Sex Data Gap in Sport and Exercise Science Research

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Emma S. Cowley ◽  
Alyssa A. Olenick ◽  
Kelly L. McNulty ◽  
Emma Z. Ross
Keyword(s):  
Sports Medicine ◽  
Science Research ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Exercise Science ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Sports Science ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Data Gap ◽  
Sport And Exercise

This study aimed to conduct an updated exploration of the ratio of male and female participants in sport and exercise science research. Publications involving humans were examined from The European Journal of Sports Science, Medicine & Science in Sport & Exercise, The Journal of Sport Science & Medicine, The Journal of Physiology, The American Journal of Sports Medicine, and The British Journal of Sports Medicine, 2014–2020. The total number of participants, the number of male and female participants, the title, and the topic, were recorded for each publication. Data were expressed in frequencies and percentages. Chi-square analyses were used to assess the differences in frequencies in each of the journals. About 5,261 publications and 12,511,386 participants were included in the analyses. Sixty-three percentage of publications included both males and females, 31% included males only, and 6% included females only (p < .0001). When analyzing participants included in all journals, a total of 8,253,236 (66%) were male and 4,254,445 (34%) were female (p < .0001). Females remain significantly underrepresented within sport and exercise science research. Therefore, at present most conclusions made from sport and exercise science research might only be applicable to one sex. As such, researchers and practitioners should be aware of the ongoing sex data gap within the current literature, and future research should address this.

Dysthymia in DSM-IV and ICD-10: nosology and diagnosis

1996 ◽  
Vol 11 (S3) ◽  
pp. 111s-116s ◽  
Author(s):  
JJ López-Ibor
Keyword(s):  
Mood Disorders ◽  
Depressive Mood ◽  
Scientific Data ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Psychiatric Nosology ◽  
Antidepressant Treatments ◽  
Life Styles ◽  
Icd 10 ◽  
Dsm Iv

SummarySince the DSM-III, the category of dysthymia includes patients that were previously considered as neurotic, reactive, characterological, temperamental, minor or atypical depressives as opposed to a category of endogenous, autonomous, morbid, major or typical depressives. Despite certain confusion, the need for a nosological category is very important for patients suffering from years of depressive mood, with a significant impact on their life-styles and adaptation, as they can benefit enormously from modern antidepressant treatments. DSM-IV and ICD-10 describe dysthymia in a very similar way although there are significant differences. The differences are the consequence of the lack of sufficient scientific data in some points and the need to take a decision, but also to indicate areas for future research. Other differences are the consequence of major discrepancies in basic perspectives of the classifications (ie, the importance given to disablement for the diagnosis). The similarities between both classifications allow the use of either of them for most purposes. Research on the different classifications should help in better defining the concept of dysthymia and mood disorders in general (ie, the cut-off points between them) and of psychiatric nosology.

Ethnicity, Gender, and Global Risk Indicators in the Lives of Status Offenders Coming to the Attention of the Juvenile Court

2005 ◽  
Vol 49 (6) ◽  
pp. 696-710 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen M. Gavazzi ◽  
Courtney M. Yarcheck ◽  
Ji-Young Lim
Keyword(s):  
African American ◽  
African American Males ◽  
Juvenile Court ◽  
Program Completion ◽  
Risk Indicators ◽  
Risk Scores ◽  
Global Risk ◽  
Status Offenders ◽  
Risk Levels ◽  
Males And Females

The present study examined the risks and needs of status offenders in comparison to an at-large juvenile court sample, with specific attention paid to factors related to gender and ethnicity. Status offenders displayed significantly higher risk scores than the comparison sample in domains associated with both family and parenting concerns and educational concerns. In addition, females displayed higher risk levels than males and White youth displayed significantly higher risk levels than minority youth across a wide variety of risk domains. Further analyses were conducted regarding the participation of African American males and females in a program designed as an alternative to detention. For both groups, successful program completion was accompanied by little or no further court involvement, whereas failure to complete the program was related to a variety of negative outcomes. However, African American females and males successfully completing programrequirements displayed different risks and needs at the outset of their participation.

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