Addressing Food Insecurity and Overweight/Obesity in Hospitalized Low-Income Latino Patients

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 241-248
Author(s):  
Trina Lorraine Gipson-Jones ◽  
Bertha L. Davis ◽  
Ché Matthew Harris
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Food Insecurity ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Adverse Outcomes ◽  
Hospital Utilization ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Public Health Concern ◽  
Disease Risks

Food insecurity (FI), the limited or unreliable availability of safe and nutritious food, is a pressing public health concern affecting millions of U.S. citizens. Unfortunately, FI tends to impact those who are most vulnerable (e.g., low-income minorities) and potentially increases obesity risks, diet-sensitive disease risks (e.g., hypertension and type 2 diabetes), and hospital utilization. Low-income Latino patients may be particularly sensitive to adverse outcomes based on unaddressed socioeconomic needs. Nurses are in a prime position to assess and address FI in these patients. Our article will discuss how nurses can be advocates in combating FI in Latino patients with overweight/obesity.

Biomedicalization and the Practice of Culture

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mari Armstrong-Hough
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
The United States ◽  
Explanatory Models ◽  
Professional Standards ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Global Public Health ◽  
Cultural Narratives ◽  
Public Health Concern

Over the last twenty years, type 2 diabetes skyrocketed to the forefront of global public health concern. In this book, Mari Armstrong-Hough examines the rise in and response to the disease in two societies: the United States and Japan. Both societies have faced rising rates of diabetes, but their social and biomedical responses to its ascendance have diverged. To explain the emergence of these distinctive strategies, Armstrong-Hough argues that physicians act not only on increasingly globalized professional standards but also on local knowledge, explanatory models, and cultural toolkits. As a result, strategies for clinical management diverge sharply from one country to another. Armstrong-Hough demonstrates how distinctive practices endure in the midst of intensifying biomedicalization, both on the part of patients and on the part of physicians, and how these differences grow from broader cultural narratives about diabetes in each setting.

scholarly journals Understanding the complexity of socioeconomic disparities in type 2 diabetes risk: a study of 4.3 million people in Sweden

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. e000749 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Wemrell ◽  
Louise Bennet ◽  
Juan Merlo
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Educational Achievement ◽  
Absolute Risk ◽  
Diabetes Risk ◽  
Socioeconomic Disparities ◽  
Heterogeneous Distribution ◽  
Discriminatory Accuracy

ObjectiveInvestigating demographic and socioeconomic factors as intersecting rather than as separate dimensions may improve our understanding of the heterogeneous distribution of type 2 diabetes in the population. However, this complexity has scarcely been investigated and we still do not know the accuracy of these factors for predicting type 2 diabetes. Improved understanding of the demographic and socioeconomic disparities predicting type 2 diabetes risk in the population would contribute to more precise and effective public health interventions.Research design and methodsWe analyzed the risk of type 2 diabetes among 4 334 030 individuals aged 40–84 years who by 2010 had resided in Sweden for at least 5 years. We stratified the study population into 120 strata defined by categories of age, gender, income, education, and immigration status. We calculated measures of absolute risk (prevalence) and relative risk (prevalence ratio), and quantified the discriminatory accuracy of the information for predicting type 2 diabetes in the population.ResultsThe distribution of type 2 diabetes risk in the population was highly heterogeneous. For instance, immigrated men aged 70–79 years with low educational achievement and low income had a risk around 32 times higher than native women aged 40–49 years with high income and high educational achievement (ie, 17.6% vs 0.5%). The discriminatory accuracy of the information was acceptable.ConclusionA more detailed, intersectional mapping of socioeconomic and demographic distribution of type 2 diabetes can assist in public health management aiming to reduce the prevalence of the disease.

798-P: The Prevalence and Impact of Food Insecurity on Glycemic Control in Low-Income Latinos with Type 2 Diabetes

Diabetes ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 68 (Supplement 1) ◽  
pp. 798-P
Author(s):  
INA CECILIA FLORES ◽  
DENISSE CRISTINA PORRAS FIMBRES ◽  
J. SONYA HAW ◽  
ALEXANDRA MIGDAL ◽  
BRITT ROTBERG ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Glycemic Control ◽  
Food Insecurity ◽  
Low Income

scholarly journals Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Associated with Obesity (Diabesity). The Central Role of Gut Microbiota and Its Translational Applications

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 2749 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miguel A. Ortega ◽  
Oscar Fraile-Martínez ◽  
Irene Naya ◽  
Natalio García-Honduvilla ◽  
Melchor Álvarez-Mon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Metabolic Disorders ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Public Health Concern ◽  
Wide Range

Obesity is a condition of rising prevalence worldwide, with important socioeconomic implications, being considered as a growing public health concern. Frequently, obesity brings other complications in addition to itself—like Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM)—sharing origin, risk factors and pathophysiological mechanisms. In this context, some authors have decided to include both conditions as a unique entity known as “diabesity”. In fact, understanding diabesity as a single disease is possible to maximise the benefits from therapies received in these patients. Gut microbiota plays a key role in individual’s health, and their alterations, either in its composition or derived products are related to a wide range of metabolic disorders like T2DM and obesity. The present work aims to collect the different changes reported in gut microbiota in patients with T2DM associated with obesity and their possible role in the onset, development, and establishment of the disease. Moreover, current research lines to modulate gut microbiota and the potential clinical translation derived from the knowledge of this system will also be reviewed, which may provide support for a better clinical management of such a complex condition.

scholarly journals Prevalence and determinants of hyperglycaemia among adults in Bangladesh: results from a population-based national survey

BMJ Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. e029674 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessica Yasmine Islam ◽  
Mohammad Mostafa Zaman ◽  
Mahfuz Rahman Bhuiyan ◽  
Syed Atiqul Haq ◽  
Shamim Ahmed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Capillary Blood ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Capillary Blood Glucose ◽  
Rural Residents ◽  
Nationally Representative

ObjectivesWith the increasing burden of non-communicable diseases in low-income and middle-income countries, biological risk factors, such as hyperglycaemia, are a major public health concern in Bangladesh. Hyperglycaemia is an excess of glucose in the bloodstream and is often associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Nationally representative data of hyperglycaemia prevalence starting from age ≥18 years are currently unavailable for Bangladeshi adults. The objective of this study was to assess the prevalence and determinants of hyperglycaemia among adults in Bangladesh aged ≥18 years.Study designCross-sectional, population-based study.Setting and participantsData for this analysis were collected in November to December 2015, from a population-based nationally representative sample of 1843 adults, aged ≥18 years, from both urban and rural areas of Bangladesh. Demographic information, capillary blood glucose, blood pressure, height, weight, waist circumference and treatment history were recorded.Primary outcome measuresHyperglycaemia was defined as a random capillary blood glucose level of ≥11.1 mmol/L (ie, in the diabetic range) or currently taking medication to control type 2 diabetes, based on self-report.ResultsOverall, the prevalence of hyperglycaemia was 5.5% (95% CI 4.5% to 6.6%) and was significantly higher among urban (9.8%, 95% CI 7.7% to 12.2%) than rural residents (2.8%, 95% CI 1.9% to 3.9%). The age-standardised prevalence of hyperglycaemia was 5.6% (95% CI 4.6% to 6.8%). Among both urban and rural residents, the associated determinants of hyperglycaemia included hypertension and abdominal obesity. About 5% of the total population self-reported have been previously diagnosed with type 2 diabetes; among these adults, over 25% were not taking medications to control their diabetes.ConclusionsOur study found that about 1 in 20 Bangladeshi adults aged ≥18 years have hyperglycaemia. To control and prevent the development of type 2 diabetes, data from this study can be used to inform public health programming and provide descriptive information on surveillance of progress towards controlling diabetes in Bangladesh.

scholarly journals Race and Sex Differences in the Association between Food Insecurity and Type 2 Diabetes

2016 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 427 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sabrina Strings ◽  
Yamini K. Ranchod ◽  
Barbara Laraia ◽  
Amani Nuru-Jeter
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Food Security ◽  
Food Insecurity ◽  
African American Women ◽  
Low Income ◽  
White Women ◽  
California Health Interview Survey ◽  
Latino Men ◽  
The Relationship

<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To examine whether the relationship between food insecurity (FI) and type 2 diabetes (T2D) varies by race/ethnicity and sex. <strong></strong></p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We analyzed data from low-income adults participating in the 2009 and 2011 waves of the California Health Interview Survey (CHIS) (N=22,596). We used logistic regression models to estimate the sex and race-specific associations between FI and T2D. </p><p><strong>Results</strong><em>: </em>We observed positive associations between low food security and T2D for White men (AOR: 1.9, 95% CI: 1.2, 3.2), and between very low food security and T2D for White women (AOR: 1.6 95% CI: 1.1, 2.5). In Latinas, we observed positive associations between both low food security (AOR: 1.7, 95% CI: 1.3, 2.2) and very low food security (AOR: 1.8, 95% CI: 1.2, 2.6) and T2D. We did not observe any associations between FI and T2D in Latino men, or African American women and men. <strong></strong></p><p><strong>Conclusion</strong><em>: </em>The relationship between FI and T2D may be moderated by race and sex. For African Americans and Latino men, other distal factors may modify the effect of FI on rates of T2D. <em>Ethn Dis. </em>2016;26(3):427-434; doi:10.18865/ ed.26.3.427 </p>

scholarly journals SARS-CoV-2: an imperative maternal-fetal concern

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zahra Heydarifard ◽  
Jila Yavarian ◽  
Somayeh Shatizadeh Malekshahi ◽  
Sevrin Zadheidar ◽  
Talat Mokhtari-Azad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
Human Population ◽  
Adverse Outcomes ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Maternal Risk Factors ◽  
Public Health Concern ◽  
Maternal Risk ◽  
Second Year

Severe acute respiratory syndrome corona virus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a newly emerged virus which belongs to Coronaviridae family within the betacoronavirus genus. Previous reports demonstrated that other betacoronaviruses were responsible for adverse outcomes during pregnancy in human. Due to inadequate data, the consequences of a SARS-CoV-2 infection during pregnancy is still a public health concern in the second year of SARS-CoV-2 circulation in human population. Herein, we aimed to review the probable risk of intrauterine vertical transmission of SARS-CoV-2 infection to the fetus, its adverse outcomes during pregnancy for both mother and the fetus and maternal risk factors which affect the severity Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19.

scholarly journals Food Prescriptions for Management of Prediabetes and Type 2 Diabetes among Food Insecure Youth: A Pilot Protocol

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan Oswald ◽  
Lisa Yazel ◽  
Tamara Hannon
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Food Insecurity ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Vegetable Consumption ◽  
The Past ◽  
Early Results ◽  
Food And Beverage ◽  
Participant Outcomes

Introduction: Food access and food insecurity represent significant barriers to healthy eating in low-income communities. Food prescription programs have attempted to address these barriers by providing subsidized access to fresh produce through a physician-community collaboration. However, little is known about the health outcomes associated with food prescriptions, especially among youth with diabetes. To address this, we report data from the past two years of the Veggie Box program, a free produce distribution program of Indy Urban Acres. Additionally, we propose a feasibility study to 1) establish a food prescription program for food insecure youth with prediabetes and type 2 diabetes through the Veggie Box program and 2) assess health outcomes of youth who receive a prescription for Veggie Box.   Methods: Through 2018 and 2019, the Veggie Box has been distributed weekly to a low-income community on the eastside of Indianapolis. Participant outcomes have been measured through survey assessment of food and beverage consumption, food insecurity, quality of life indicators, and program satisfaction. The proposed study aims to recruit 70 food insecure families with children aged 10-16 who have prediabetes or type 2 diabetes. Participants will receive a Veggie Box once every two weeks for a total of 12 weeks and will be provided access to a dietitian, health coach, and monthly group diabetes prevention sessions. Participant outcomes will be assessed at baseline and 12 weeks using the same surveys from the past two years with the addition of BMI and HbA1c measurements.  Results: The past two years of Veggie Box distribution led to a statistically significant increase in fruit (p=0.009) and vegetable (p=0.001) consumption among Veggie Box recipients. There was not a significant change in reported food security.  Discussion/Conclusion: Early results from the Veggie Box program showed that it increased fruit and vegetable consumption, indicating its potential use as a food prescription for food insecure youth with prediabetes and type 2 diabetes. This study will begin to fill the gap in knowledge related to health outcomes of food insecure youth with diabetes who are provided a food prescription. 

scholarly journals Inflammation and Stress Biomarkers Mediate the Relationship Between Household Food Insecurity and Insulin Resistance Among Latinos with Type 2 Diabetes (OR02-02-19)

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Angela Bermudez-Millan ◽  
Julie Wagner ◽  
Richard Feinn ◽  
Sofia Segura-Pérez ◽  
Grace Damio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Food Insecurity ◽  
Direct Effect ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Stress Hormones ◽  
Household Food Security ◽  
Household Food Insecurity ◽  
Household Food

Abstract Objectives Household food insecurity (HFI) is a stressor that is associated with hyperglycemia type 2 diabetes (T2D). However, little is known about HFI and the insulin resistance underlying hyperglycemia and T2D, and mechanisms involved have not been elucidated. We examined HFI and insulin resistance among low-income Latinos with T2D and tested whether inflammation and stress hormones mediated this relationship. Methods This study is cross-sectional. HFI was measured with the Spanish and English versions of the 6-item US Household Food Security Survey Module. Insulin resistance was calculated from fasting blood glucose and insulin. Inflammation was indicated by high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, and stress hormones included cortisol, metanephrine and normetanephrine. Results The 121 participants were primarily Puerto Rican (85.8%), aged mean = 60.7 years and 74% were female. Eighty-two (68%) were classified as food insecure. Compared to food secure individuals, food insecure individuals had a significantly higher hsCRP (P = .008), cortisol (P = .045), insulin (P = .019), glucose (P < .001), insulin resistance (P = 001), and total cholesterol (P = .004). Groups did not differ on other lipids, metanephrine, normetanephrine, or A1c. A parallel multiple mediation model showed a significant direct effect of HFI on hsCRP (P = .020) and on cortisol (P = .011). There was a direct effect of cortisol (P = .013), hsCRP (P = .044) and HFI on insulin resistance (P = .015). The total combined indirect effect of food insecurity through cortisol and hsCRP was indicated partial mediation. Conclusions Among Latinos with T2D, HFI is associated with insulin resistance partially through inflammation and stress hormones. Interventions to ameliorate HFI and mitigate its effects on inflammation, stress, and insulin resistance is warranted. Funding Sources Supported by the National Institute of Minority Health and Health Disparities (R01MD005879) to Drs. Rafael Pérez-Escamilla and Julie Wagner and the American Diabetes Association (7–13-TS-31) to Dr. Julie Wagner.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document