Long-Term, Moderate Coffee Consumption is Associated With Lower Prevalence of Diabetes Mellitus Among Elderly Non-Tea Drinkers from the Mediterranean Islands (MEDIS Study)

It is known, that diabetes mellitus has a significant impact on the growth and development of the fetus. Hyperglycemia during pregnancy increases significantly the incidence of congenital malformations, perinatal morbidity and neonatal mortality. Over the past decades has been a steady increase in the prevalence of diabetes mellitus both in the general population and among pregnant women. In this regard, the study of the influence of diabetes mellitus in the mother on the condition of the fetus and newborn is today a relevant problem of obstetric-gynecological, neonatological and pediatric services. Hyperglycemia during pregnancy has the greatest effect on the fetal cardiovascular system. Diabetes mellitus of the mother causes an increase in the frequency of congenital heart defects in the newborn, myocardial hypertrophy, as well as various functional disorders of the cardiovascular system.This review mainly discusses the pathogenetic aspects and molecular mechanisms of the effect of hyperglycemia on the development of the fetal heart, provides an assessment of clinical, echocardiographic and some laboratory changes in the functioning of the cardiovascular system in newborns from mothers with diabetes mellitus, and also systematizes data on the relationship between maternal diabetes and the risks of cardiovascular disease in their children in the long term.

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Diabetes mellitus epidemiology in Daghestan

Problems of Endocrinology ◽

10.14341/probl11900 ◽

1993 ◽

Vol 39 (1) ◽

pp. 21-24 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

S. A. Abusuyev ◽

J. G. Khachirov ◽

A. A. Akhmedkhanov

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Ethnic Groups ◽

Type Ii Diabetes ◽

Preventive Measures ◽

Urban Residents ◽

Type Ii ◽

Lower Prevalence ◽

Annual Increment ◽

Develop Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Prevalence Of Diabetes Mellitus

The authors analyze the prevalence of diabetes mellitus in Daghestan, a republic with various climatic and geographic zones, whose population belongs to a great variety of ethnic groups, over 1987-1991. The findings evidence a lower prevalence of this condition in Daghestan than in other regions, but there is a trend to an annual increment in the morbidity, mostly at the expense of Type II diabetes. The urban residents of Daghestan more often develop the disease, may be due to the fact that wine-making industry is concentrated mainly in town. In the country diabetes mellitus in more incident on the planes, less incident in the foothills, and still less incident in the mountains. The highlanders, when they come to the planes, develop diabetes mellitus as frequently as the residents of the planes. Of the ethnic groups the Russians suffer from the disease most frequently, then come the Kumyks, Lakts, Darghines, Lezghines, Aguls, Tabasaranes; the Avares and Rutules are the least frequent among the diabetics. Preventive measures should be concentrated mostly in towns and on the planes. These specific features of diabetes mellitus epidemiology should be taken into consideration when organizing a net of endocrine service.

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Abstract 188: Long-Term Coffee Consumption Is Associated with Improved Endothelial Function in Elderly Individuals: Ikaria Study

Arteriosclerosis Thrombosis and Vascular Biology ◽

10.1161/atvb.32.suppl_1.a188 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 32 (suppl_1) ◽

Author(s):

Evangelos Oikonomou ◽

Gerasimos Siasos ◽

Christina Chrysohoou ◽

Dimitrios Tousoulis ◽

Marina Zaromitidou ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Regression Analysis ◽

Linear Regression ◽

Endothelial Function ◽

Linear Regression Analysis ◽

Antioxidant Properties ◽

Coffee Consumption ◽

Elderly Subjects ◽

Elderly Individuals

Background: Acute coffee consumption is associated with impaired endothelial function, though its long term impact on endothelial function is controversial. We evaluated the association between chronic coffee intake and endothelial function, in elderly residents of Ikaria Island, as the inhabitants of this island show increased longevity and low rates of cardiovascular mortality. Methods: The study was conducted on a subgroup population of IKARIA study consisted of 175 elderly subjects (aged 65-91 yrs), inhabitants of Ikaria Island. Endothelial function was evaluated by ultrasound measurement of flow-mediated-dilatation (FMD). Dietary habits (including coffee consumption in cups per week and in ml per week) were assessed through a food frequency questionnaire. Results: Among elderly subjects, 28% had diabetes mellitus, 29% had hypercholesterolemia, 37% had a BMI>30 kg/m2, and 72% were defined as hypertensives. Moreover, 97% of the study group consumed boiled, Greek type of coffee. There was no difference between hypertensives and normotensives concerning age (75±6 years vs. 73±5 years, p=NS), male sex (51% vs. 56%, p=NS) and coffee consumption [328(120-360) ml/day vs. 346(120-360) ml/day, p=NS]. Linear regression analysis after adjustment for confounders such as age, sex, the presence of cardiovascular disease, hypercholesterolemia, diabetes mellitus and hypertension revealed that elderly individuals who consume less that 7 cups of coffee per week had significant worse FMD compared to those consume 7 to 14 cups of coffee [B=1.37, 95%C.I.: (-0.005, 2.748), p=0.05]. Furthermore, linear regression analysis in hypertensive elderly individuals, after adjustment for the aforementioned confounders, revealed that coffee consumption in ml per week was associated with increased FMD, [B=0.003, 95%C.I.: (0.000, 0.005) p=0.039]. Conclusion: Long term consumption of boiled, Greek type of coffee, with its antioxidant properties, is associated with improved endothelial function in elderly individuals. The beneficial effects of coffee are consisted even in hypertensive individuals, illustrating another cardio-protective dietary pattern of elderly inhabitants in Ikaria Island.

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