scholarly journals Ive Wanted A BMW Since I Was A Kid: An Exploratory Analysis Of The Aspirational Brand

2014 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 331 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philip J. Trocchia ◽  
Ruby Q. Saine ◽  
Michael G. Luckett
Keyword(s):  
Baby Boomers ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Exploratory Analysis ◽  
Diverse Group ◽  
Lower Income ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Luxury Brand ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Low Income Consumers

Although aspirational brands are commonly referred to in the business literature, no consistent definition exists for the term. Further, aspirational brand is often used interchangeably with the term luxury brand. This study aims to conceptually define the term aspirational brandand delineate it from the well-established term luxury brand. A sample of 452 consumers were asked to provide five examples of luxury and aspitational brands. Responses from Baby Boomers and Millennials, males and females, and high-income and low-income consumers were compared. By asking a diverse group of consumers to provide examples of the two types of brands, we provide quantifiable evidence for the existence of two related but separate concepts. Sixty three percent more brands were named as aspirational than as luxury, lending support to the notion that a consumers classification of a brand as aspirational is more a function of internal influences than his or her classification of a brand as luxury. Further, differences were found between Millennials and Baby Boomers, men and women, and upper and lower income participants in terms of which brands they consider to be aspirational.

Confined Shopping Behavior among Low Income Consumers: An Empirical Test

1978 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arieh Goldman
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Empirical Test ◽  
Main Tool ◽  
Shopping Behavior ◽  
Small Subset ◽  
Lower Income ◽  
Herfindahl Index ◽  
Low Income Consumers

The study investigates whether lower income consumers show a greater tendency to confine their furniture and ladies’ shoes purchases to a subset of the retailing system. The Herfindahl index of concentration is the main tool used to measure confinement. The study finds that the lower income consumers do not confine their purchases to a small subset nor are their purchases restricted to the smaller and lower quality stores.

scholarly journals An Exploratory Study on The Association Between Gender and Factors That Influence Animal-Source Food Dietary Intake for Households In Lower-Income Urban Informal Settings of Nairobi, Kenya

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariah Ngutu ◽  
Salome A. Bukachi ◽  
Ann W. Muthiru ◽  
Aurélia Lépine ◽  
Suneetha Kadiyala ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Lower Income ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Animal Source Foods ◽  
Animal Source ◽  
Informal Settings ◽  
Animal Source Food

Abstract Background: Low-quality monotonous diets dominated by starchy foods are a major problem confronting resource-constrained settings worldwide including poor households in the urban informal settings of Nairobi, Kenya. This low-quality dietary intake is fueled by socio-economic disparities further complicated by gender hegemonies that influence decision making in food choice and consumption. This places the population, especially women of reproductive age and young children, at a risk of micronutrients deficiencies, such as anemia. Animal-source foods (ASFs) are high-quality nutrient-dense products that supply essential amino-acids, vitamins and minerals, to reduce stunting and micronutrient deficiencies. Previous research showed that the poorest households in Nairobi, Kenya, had low Animal-source foods (ASFs) consumption.Food security and nutrition dimensions of food security such as the gendered dimensions have been the main focus in most development interventions. However, there still exists gaps especially at the household level that try to understand the association between gender and factors that influence animal-source food dietary intake.Methods: An exploratory qualitative study was carried out to establish the association between gender and factors that influence animal-source foods dietary intake for households in lower-income urban informal settings of Nairobi, Kenya. We utilized 19 focus group discussions with embedded participatory exercises and 60 in-depth interviews differently for men and women alongside unstructured observations to enable in-depth exploration of ASFs consumption and choice determinants.Results: Gender and related factors including decision making, power position dynamics of men and women as well as coping mechanisms were seen to influence household ASF dietary intake. Both men and women had a role providing for food budgets and also deciding on when and what ASF would be consumed in their households. Notably, men and women in the informal low-income settings face socio-economic challenges in planning for and sustaining household food needs including ASF.Conclusion: Nutrition and health interventions and programs tackling malnutrition in lower-income households need to consider the gender and associated factors as identified in this exploratory research. These factors are seen as intersecting with the household economic status and sociocultural practices to influence ASF dietary intake including choice and consumption.

Does Lower Income Affect the Development of One's Innovative Ability in the Education Niche

2022 ◽  
pp. 147-172
Author(s):  
Bibi Zaheenah Chummun
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Sustainable Livelihoods ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Emerging Countries ◽  
Lower Income ◽  
Government Officials ◽  
Income Insurance ◽  
Collective Innovation ◽  
Low Income Consumers

The need of using creative and innovative education strategies in the low-income consumer setting has never been felt until this wake of the pandemic to assist for sustainable well-being. In this chapter, the role of improved education as a collective innovation measure in promoting awareness of the inclusive cover to the low-income consumers in the emerging countries will be perused in the wake of the 2019-nCoV virus in their struggle to cope with the unexpected management of risks in a more calculated way. The study provides the education challenges in the low-income insurance area posed to both consumers and providers and explains how their involvement is important through innovative programmes in the low-income cover niche such as digitalization amongst others. Since education indeed plays a huge role in enhancing participation in this field of low-income cover to entail sustainability, it will be wise that the policymakers, government officials, and others work closely with their consumers so that this problem can assist for sustainable livelihoods.

SOCIOECONOMIC STATUS, MARITAL STATUS AND CHILDLESSNESS IN MEN AND WOMEN: AN ANALYSIS OF CENSUS DATA FROM SIX COUNTRIES

2011 ◽  
Vol 43 (5) ◽  
pp. 619-635 ◽  
Author(s):  
MARTIN FIEDER ◽  
SUSANNE HUBER ◽  
FRED L. BOOKSTEIN
Keyword(s):  
Marital Status ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Mate Selection ◽  
Census Data ◽  
Lower Percentage ◽  
Lower Income ◽  
Capital Income ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Strongly Consistent

SummaryThis study compares the effects of two distinct forms of human capital – income and education – on marital status and childlessness separately by sex in six different countries. Nearly 10 million individual records on individuals aged 16 to 50 were used from censuses from Brazil, Mexico, Panama, South Africa, USA and Venezuela dating from 2000 or later, to analyse the relationship between education, income and marital status and childlessness in men and women. Regarding income, the findings for both outcome variables are strongly consistent across all six countries. Highest-income males and lower-income females have the highest proportion of ever-married and the lowest proportion of childlessness (using a proxy for childlessness: own children in the household or not). There is no corresponding consistency of findings as regards education either between the sexes or among the countries. To conclude, a lower percentage of low-income men are selected by females, because for women male status and resources provided by men are important criteria in mate selection. Therefore a higher proportion of low-income men remain unmarried and childless. Thus selection seems to play a role in modern societies.

scholarly journals Voices of Experience: What Do Low-Income Older Adults Tell Us About Mobility, Technology, and Social Participation?

2021 ◽  
pp. 073346482110125
Author(s):  
Haley B. Gallo ◽  
Lia W. Marshall ◽  
Lené Levy-Storms ◽  
Kathleen H. Wilber ◽  
Anastasia Loukaitou-Sideris
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Los Angeles ◽  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Thematic Analysis ◽  
Social Participation ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Technology Use ◽  
Diverse Group ◽  
Senior Center ◽  
Perceived Safety

Mobility and technology can facilitate in-person and virtual social participation to help reduce social isolation, but issues exist regarding older adults’ access, feasibility, and motivation to use various forms of mobility and technology. This qualitative study explores how a diverse group of low-income, urban-living older adults use mobility and technology for social participation. We conducted six focus groups ( N = 48), two each in English, Spanish, and Korean at a Los Angeles senior center. Three major themes emerged from thematic analysis: using technology for mobility; links between mobility and social participation; and technology-mediated social participation. Cost, perceived safety, (dis)ability, and support from family and friends were related to mobility and technology use. This study demonstrates the range of mobility and technology uses among older adults and associated barriers. The findings can help establish a pre-COVID-19 baseline on how to make mobility and technology more accessible for older adults at risk of isolation.

scholarly journals The Allocation of Money in Couples: The End of Inequality? / Allokation von Geld in Paarbeziehungen: Das Ende der Ungleichheit?

2006 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wolfgang Ludwig-Mayerhofer ◽  
Hermann Gartner ◽  
Jutta Allmendinger
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Analysis ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Panel Study ◽  
Male Partner ◽  
Money Management ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Low Incomes ◽  
Financial Arrangements ◽  
Fourth Wave ◽  
The Empirical Analysis

SummaryResearch conducted in the 1980s and early 1990s showed considerable inequalities within male-female couples as concerns financial arrangements and access to personal spending money. This paper provides an analysis of the allocation of money in German couples that goes beyond previous research in two respects. First, data are used that permit direct, albeit only rough, assessments of the amount of personal spending money available to each of the partners. Second, it is therefore possible to investigate in some detail the factors that may influence the availability of personal spending money and thus also the possible differences between the woman and the man concerning the amount of money available to each of them.The empirical analysis is based on the German Low Income Panel (NIedrig-Einkommens-Panel, NIEP), a panel study representative of households with an income lower than about 1.5 times the German social assistance rate in 1999, the year of the first wave. We use the fourth wave of the NIEP, in which questions about couples’ money management were added to the questionnaire. The data refer to those 718 households that consisted of an adult couple, with or without children.While not all couples allocate the same amount of money to each partner, there is no difference in the proportion of men and women who have more money at their disposal than their partners. A number of hypotheses are tested concerning the amount of money allocated to individual partners, and the effects are basically the same for men and women. Investigation of the effects on the within-couple differences in personal spending money shows that the balance shifts in favor of the male partner if his education is superior to that of the female partner. This holds specifically for couples with very low incomes.

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