scholarly journals Composite Manufacturing Company: A Financial (MIS) Statement Case

2011 ◽  
Vol 6 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
John W. Kostolansky ◽  
Brian B. Stanko ◽  
Ellen L. Landgraf ◽  
Michael D. Pakter
Keyword(s):  
Financial Reporting ◽  
Financial Statements ◽  
Student Adjustment ◽  
Composite Manufacturing ◽  
Generally Accepted Accounting Principles ◽  
Accounting Principles ◽  
Manufacturing Company ◽  
Retained Earnings ◽  
Privately Held

Composite Manufacturing is a thriving privately-held company, whose owners need to attract outside investors. Composite’s financial statements have not been professionally prepared nor audited. Although there is no fraud or intentional wrongdoing, the inexperience of the owners and their bookkeeper has resulted in improper financial reporting. In this case students will have to identify and restate revenues, expenses, assets, liabilities, and retained earnings in so far as they are not reported in accord with generally accepted accounting principles. Students are provided with a “Student Adjustment Template” and a “Student Worksheet Template” that allow them to make correcting entries in an organized manner as well as make subsequent changes to the financial statements.  Instructors will be provided with teaching notes, a “Student Adjustment Template Solution” and a “Student Worksheet Template Solution” upon contacting the authors.

scholarly journals PENERAPAN ISAK 35 PADA MASJID BAITUL HIDAYAH PUGER JEMBER

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 152-162
Author(s):  
Ismi Darojatul Ula ◽  
Moh Halim ◽  
Ari Sita Nastiti
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Financial Reporting ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Financial Statements ◽  
Generally Accepted Accounting Principles ◽  
Accounting Principles ◽  
Analysis Technique ◽  
Qualitative Descriptive ◽  
Net Assets ◽  
Using Data

The purpose of this study was to determine the suitability of financial statements according to ISAK No. 35 and how the accounting record in the financial statements of Baitul Hidayah Puger Mosque with generally accepted accounting principles. The research was conducted at the Baitul Hidayah Puger Mosque using data collection techniques with interviews and documentation. The data analysis technique in this research was a qualitative descriptive analysis where the data was compiled and described based on the result of data collection on financial statements, then was compared with relevant theories to the problem, which could then be drawn a conclusion. Based on the result of the study, it could be concluded that the basis of recording applied at the Baitul Hidayah Puger Mosque was incomplete and not sequential according to applicable standards. The financial statements that made a report, a report on changes in net assets, a cash flow statements and notes on financial statements. Implementation of ISAK No. 35 Baitul Hidayah Puger Mosque was not in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. The financial reporting of the Baitul Hidayah Mosque in Puger was not in accepted accounting principles.

Good Intentions at Good Grains, Inc.

2012 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 115-129 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan B. Hughes ◽  
Cathy Beaudoin ◽  
Russell R. Boedeker
Keyword(s):  
Financial Reporting ◽  
Financial Statements ◽  
External Pressure ◽  
Financial Accounting ◽  
Managerial Accounting ◽  
Ethical Considerations ◽  
Generally Accepted Accounting Principles ◽  
Financial Reporting Standards ◽  
Gray Area ◽  
Accounting Principles

ABSTRACT: This case addresses the “gray” area associated with the use of accounting discretion as it relates to expense line item reclassifications. Such a context allows for an examination of the pressures that influence accounting decisions, and provides a glimpse into how managers might manage reported expenses. The reader meets analyst David Johnson when, as a result of both internal and external pressure to keep research and development (R&D) costs within budget, he is asked to find ways to reclassify R&D costs into other expense areas. As a result of the request, David immerses himself in the task in order to identify, within generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP), opportunities to reclassify R&D expenses to cost of goods sold. He ultimately proposes three separate reclassification entries that, although technically within GAAP guidelines, involve the use of accounting discretion. All three entries are approved by the accounting team. Financial accounting, managerial accounting, and M.B.A. students report that the case enhanced their knowledge of financial reporting and helped them understand ethical considerations associated with the preparation of financial statements. Accounting professionals report the case realistically depicts what accountants face in the workplace. A case extension using International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) is also provided.

5. International differences and standardization

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher Nobes
Keyword(s):  
Financial Reporting ◽  
Accounting Information ◽  
Financial Statements ◽  
Generally Accepted Accounting Principles ◽  
International Differences ◽  
Financial Reporting Standards ◽  
Accounting Principles ◽  
Accounting Numbers ◽  
Accounting Rules ◽  
Us Gaap

Just how different can accounting numbers be for the same company under different accounting rules? Which countries use International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS)? In what main ways is US ‘generally accepted accounting principles’ (US GAAP) different from IFRS? How have politics and economics affected accounting? ‘International differences and standardization’ shows how international standardization simplifies the preparation of financial statements covering whole international groups and how it improves the comparability of the accounting information for managers and investors. Differences between US GAAP and IFRS are considered: US GAAP is more detailed than IFRS and tends to be written in terms of rules rather than principles. It also has fewer options.

Analyst Following and Forecast Accuracy After Eliminating the 20-F Reconciliation Between IFRS and U.S. GAAP

2020 ◽  
pp. 0148558X2094464
Author(s):  
Wen Li ◽  
Huai Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Financial Reporting ◽  
Financial Analysts ◽  
Forecast Accuracy ◽  
Financial Statements ◽  
Securities And Exchange Commission ◽  
Analyst Following ◽  
Analyst Coverage ◽  
Generally Accepted Accounting Principles ◽  
Financial Reporting Standards ◽  
Accounting Principles

In 2007, the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) decided to allow foreign private issuers to file financial statements prepared according to International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) without reconciliation to U.S. Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (GAAP). Using a sample of foreign private issuers from 35 countries/regions during the period of 2005 to 2008, this article investigates how the elimination of the 20-F reconciliation affects financial analysts. We find that it significantly reduces analyst coverage but has no impact on forecast accuracy. We show that analysts who are greatly affected are more likely to terminate their coverage of IFRS firms after the SEC’s rule than other analysts. In addition, we hypothesize and find that eliminating the 20-F reconciliation has a greater impact on firms whose 20-F reconciliation is more useful to analysts. For these firms, the elimination of the 20-F reconciliation significantly reduces both analyst coverage and forecast accuracy. Overall, our results suggest that the elimination of the 20-F reconciliation imposes costs on financial analysts.

scholarly journals Do IFRS Promote Transparency? Evidence from the Bankruptcy Prediction of Privately Held Swedish and Norwegian Companies

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 123
Author(s):  
Akarsh Kainth ◽  
Ranik Raaen Wahlstrøm
Keyword(s):  
Financial Reporting ◽  
Financial Statements ◽  
Listed Companies ◽  
Bankruptcy Prediction ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Financial Reports ◽  
Generally Accepted Accounting Principles ◽  
Financial Reporting Standards ◽  
Creative Accounting ◽  
Privately Held

The purpose of our paper is to investigate whether any differences between International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) and local Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (GAAP) impact the transparency of financial reporting of non-listed companies through bankruptcy prediction. This contributes to extant research that has focused on the effects of IFRS adoption in the context of listed companies. For our investigation, we used logistic regression, well-established accounting-based predictors, and a sample of financial statements from privately held Swedish companies using IFRS, and Norwegian companies using Norwegian GAAP. The results indicate that financial statements made under IFRS may be better suited for bankruptcy prediction than those made under Norwegian GAAP. Our findings suggest that the use of IFRS could aid in increasing the informativeness of financial reports by promoting transparency and prevent managers of firms facing insolvency from engaging in creative accounting practices. Our results should, however, be applied with caution, as they may be due to the differences in characteristics across firms that are not captured by our research design. We leave this issue open to future research.

Making the Right Comparisons: Novartis AG

2007 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 721-733 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elaine Henry ◽  
Ya-Wen Yang
Keyword(s):  
Financial Performance ◽  
Financial Reporting ◽  
Financial Statements ◽  
International Financial Reporting Standards ◽  
Reporting Standards ◽  
Generally Accepted Accounting Principles ◽  
Financial Reporting Standards ◽  
Accounting Principles ◽  
The Right ◽  
Analytical Skill

This case introduces the concept of convergence between International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) and U.S. Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (GAAP). The scenario involves a securities analyst's evaluation of Novartis AG's financial performance under IFRS and U.S. GAAP, and provides an opportunity to examine the issues giving rise to differences under the two sets of standards. Based on the company's 20-F disclosure, the case uses the reconciliation footnotes to recast the company's IFRS financial statements to U.S. GAAP. The analytical skill of adjusting financial statements is useful beyond the IFRS-to-U.S. GAAP context.

scholarly journals Политика финансијског извештавања предузећа као инструмент креирања вредности за aкционаре // Financial reporting policy as tool for creating value for stockholders

2013 ◽  
Vol 11 (19) ◽  
pp. 201
Author(s):  
Бојан Савић
Keyword(s):  
Financial Reporting ◽  
Capital Market ◽  
Financial Statements ◽  
Business Owners ◽  
Management Tool ◽  
Generally Accepted Accounting Principles ◽  
Accounting Principles ◽  
Commercial Market ◽  
A Company ◽  
Entire Economy

Резиме: Процес финансијског извештавања одавно је прерастао оквире рачуноводствене функције предузећа. Реч је о важном инструменту менаџмента који служи не само полагању рачуна, већ и комуницирању са инвестиционом заједницом у циљу креирања финансијске репутације предузећа. Финансијско извештавање доприноси ефикасности тржишта капитала, што је предуслов развоја целокупне привреде. Отуда се у савременим тржишним условима финансијско извештавање од стране менаџмента никако не сме посматрати искључиво као нормативно наметнутна обавеза. Политика финансијског извештавања представља скуп инструмената који су усмерени на циљно обликовање финансијских извештаја. Другим речима, садржина и форма финансијских извештаја прилагођавају се дефинисаним циљевима предузећа. Важно је међутим напоменути да се целокупан процес одвија у складу са позитивном законском регулативом, општеприхваћеним рачуноводственим принципима и МСФИ. У супротном, не би се могло говорити о легалним радњама, већ о кривотвореном финансијском извештавању. Циљ овог написа је да укаже на домете политике финансијског извештавања у креирању, управљању и одржању вредности за власнике предузећа. Наиме, стратегије, циљеви и политике предузећа своју верификацију имају управо на тржишту. Кроз активности на комерцијалном тржишту предузеће креира вредност. Међутим, тестирање вредности врши се на тржишту капитала. Значај финансијског извештавања рефлектује се на оба наведена тржишта.Summary: Financial reporting process has long outgrown the framework of accounting functions of the сompany. It is an important management tool that serves not only accountability, but also communicating with the investment community in order to create financial reputation of the company. Financial reporting contributes to the efficiency of capital markets as a precondition for development of the entire economy. Hence, in the contemporary market economy financial reporting by management can not be seen solely as normative the imposed obligations. Financial reporting policy is a set of tools aimed at the target format of the financial statements. In other words, the content and form of financial statements, adjusted to the defined goals of a company. It is important however to note that the entire process is carried out in accordance with current legislation, generally accepted accounting principles and IFRS. Otherwise, you would not be able to talk about the legal action, but a counterfeit financial reporting. The aim of this paper is to highlight the achievements of the policy of financial reporting in the creation, management and maintenance of value for business owners. Specifically, strategies, objectives and policies of the company verifying their right to have a market. Through the activities of the commercial market enterprise creates value. However, testing is done on the value of the capital market. The importance of financial reporting is reflected in both these markets.

scholarly journals Case Study: Differences Between US And International Financial Statements

2011 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 101-102
Author(s):  
Dolores Rinke
Keyword(s):  
Financial Reporting ◽  
Financial Statements ◽  
International Financial Reporting Standards ◽  
Reporting Standards ◽  
Generally Accepted Accounting Principles ◽  
Financial Reporting Standards ◽  
Accounting Principles ◽  
Us Gaap

This case examines the differences in format and terminology in financial statements between US Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (GAAP) and International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS). Students download the financial statements of two different companies in the same industry; i.e., Nokia (reporting under IFRS) and Motorola (reporting under US GAAP). Questions related to the differences in format and terminology are addressed.

Does Auditor Explanatory Language in Unqualified Audit Reports Indicate Increased Financial Misstatement Risk?

2014 ◽  
Vol 89 (6) ◽  
pp. 2115-2149 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keith Czerney ◽  
Jaime J. Schmidt ◽  
Anne M. Thompson
Keyword(s):  
Financial Reporting ◽  
Reporting Quality ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Financial Statements ◽  
Financial Statement ◽  
Financial Reporting Quality ◽  
Accounting Principles ◽  
Client Relationship ◽  
Financial Misstatement ◽  
Audit Reports

ABSTRACT According to auditing standards, explanatory language added at the auditor's discretion to unqualified audit reports should not indicate increased financial misstatement risk. However, an auditor is unlikely to add language that would strain the auditor-client relationship absent concerns about the client's financial statements. Using a sample of 30,825 financial statements issued with unqualified audit opinions during 2000–2009, we find that financial statements with audit reports containing explanatory language are significantly more likely to be subsequently restated than financial statements without such language. We find that this positive association is driven by language that references the division of responsibility for performance of the audit, adoption of new accounting principles, and previous restatements. In addition, we find that (1) “emphasis of matter” language that discusses mergers, related-party transactions, and management's use of estimates predicts restatements related to these matters, and that (2) the financial statement accounts noted in the explanatory language typically correspond to the accounts subsequently restated. In sum, our results suggest that present-day audit reports communicate some information about financial reporting quality.

scholarly journals EARNINGS MANAGEMENT AS A MANIPULATIVE FORM OF FINANCIAL REPORTING

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (5) ◽  
pp. 1323-1328
Author(s):  
Marija Milojičić ◽  
Snežana Knežević ◽  
Aleksandar Grgur
Keyword(s):  
Earnings Management ◽  
Financial Reporting ◽  
Financial Analysis ◽  
Balance Sheet ◽  
Financial Statements ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
Business Decisions ◽  
Accounting Principles ◽  
The Republic

The financial statements, as the end product of the accounting information system, are a structural account of the financial position and financial success of an entity's business over a period. Earnings or net profit indicates an important position in the financial statements and is considered as a measure of a company’s success. Earnings management comes from the accounting skills that executives and business owners use when making business decisions. The Generally Accepted Accounting Principles set out in International Accounting Standards (hereinafter IAS) and International Financial Reporting Standards (hereinafter referred to as IFRS) generally give the owner or manager the choice between several accounting methods within the various stages of the accounting process. One of these methods is creative accounting, which is often correlated with the manipulation of financial statements. Creativity in accounting is known to be legal and to stay within the legal framework, but it is often the case that, with its creativity, it is beyond its boundaries. The way managers exercise this discretion is very important to the quality and objectivity of financial reporting.The tendency of the owners, and then the managers, to show the performance of the company better than they really are, is certainly not new. The reason that in the world from the beginning of the 2000s to the present day, both by the scientific and professional public and by the regulatory bodies in charge of financial reporting, particular attention is paid to this problem are the major political and economic scandals caused by the inaccurate presentation of financial statements. It is considered that manipulative accounting practices are applied in the preparation of financial statements when the application of accounting principles is made with the intention of achieving the desired objective, such as, for example, generating greater profit regardless of whether the procedures selected are in accordance with international and local prescribed rules.The prevalence of manipulation of financial statements depends on the situation in the environment, the quality of the normative basis of financial reporting, the quality of management and the ability of accountants to comply with professional and ethical standards. The environment implies the general economic situation, the existence or absence of appropriate legislation, including its implementation, as well as the relation to tax liabilities.The result of the original empirical research is presented in this paper. The research was conducted in the form of a case study of a domestic business entity (the Republic of Serbia), whose main activity is trade in sports and fashion products. The financial analysis was performed using the Beneish model, which was derived from the official financial statements of the companies, collected from publicly available databases (Balance Sheet and Income Statement 2016-2018) as the basic information base in order to discover the degree of possible manipulation of their own earning capacity. This model has become particularly popular since the Beneish M-scoring model revealed the manipulation of the financial results of the US company Enron, which went bankrupt in 2001.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document