scholarly journals Spatial Orientation In Sportsmen

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (24) ◽  
pp. 88
Author(s):  
Stanislava Stoyanova ◽  
Nikolay Ivantchev ◽  
Kremka Petrova
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Cognitive Processes ◽  
Spatial Orientation ◽  
Test System ◽  
Test Methods ◽  
Visual Environment ◽  
Sports Training

Cognitive processes are important for successful practicing of sport. 69 national and regional competitors in different kinds of sports were studied by means of 2D Visualisation, the subtest “Comparing surfaces” of AHA and GESTA - computerized test methods from Vienna Test System measuring spatial orientation, precision of estimation of the size of the surfaces, and perception of more or few details in visual environment respectively. There were not any significant gender differences in athletes’ spatial orientation. Longer period of sports training was related to better spatial orientation.

Competency management of laboratory personnel using LIMS

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 636-641
Author(s):  
Konstantin S. Varaksin ◽  
◽  
Artem S. Makarov ◽  
Alexander Y. Lyapin ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Management ◽  
Management System ◽  
Quality Management System ◽  
Information Management System ◽  
Test System ◽  
Test Methods ◽  
Laboratory Activities ◽  
Resource Requirements ◽  
Laboratory Workers ◽  
Competence Test

The updated edition of the ISO/IEC 17025 standard introduced significant changes to the structure, terminology, resource requirements, processes, quality management system of testing and calibration laboratories. New requirements were established for the organization of laboratory activities – a process approach and risk-based thinking, which provides for a reduction in part of the prescriptive requirements and the introduction of requirements based on the analysis of the performance of actions. In accordance with GOST ISO IEC 17025-2019, the laboratory must authorize personnel to perform specific laboratory activities, as well as guarantee their competence. This article discusses the organization of the competence management system for the personnel of the laboratories of the organizations of Transneft system using the laboratory information management system (LIMS). The model of the process implementation has been described. It has been established that the competence test system allows you to regularly monitor the skills and knowledge of laboratory workers both in terms of the elements of the Quality Management System and in the applied measurement (test) methods. The personnel responsibility matrix implemented in LIMS regulates the powers and functionality of employees, ensuring that employees are allowed to perform work in accordance with their competence. The functions implemented in LIMS made it possible to automate the management of the competence of laboratory workers in accordance with the requirements of GOST ISO/IEC 17025-2019 and other regulatory documents.

Design of the IDCTMV Human-Machine Ergonomics Test System

2014 ◽  
Vol 599-601 ◽  
pp. 900-903
Author(s):  
Quan Wang ◽  
Wei Ping Liu ◽  
Yi Jin ◽  
Bin He Fu
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Time ◽  
Subjective Evaluation ◽  
Test System ◽  
Test Methods ◽  
Operation Performance ◽  
Operation Procedure ◽  
Simulated Test ◽  
Control Terminal ◽  
And Control ◽  
Integrated Display

This paper presented the scenario of the IDCTMV Human-Machine Ergonomics test system with the programming idea of the modularization. Based on LabVIEW, the IDCTMV simulated test software and subjective evaluation software were designed and developed. The subjective evaluation results and operation performance data including the reaction time of crews, the rate of errors, and the rate of over reports were tested by the simulation of the integrated display and control terminal for the typical operation procedure, which solved the problems of lacking test methods for the study of the IDCTMV Human-Machine Ergonomics.

scholarly journals New Approach to Interpreting Seizure Tests on the Translatory Oscillation Tribometer (SRV)

Lubricants ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (11) ◽  
pp. 93
Author(s):  
Gregor Patzer ◽  
Raj Shah ◽  
Ameneh Schneider ◽  
Philip Iaccarino
Keyword(s):  
Coefficient Of Friction ◽  
Test System ◽  
Test Methods ◽  
Adhesive Failure ◽  
Friction Testing ◽  
Reduced Parameters ◽  
The Coefficient Of Friction ◽  
The One ◽  
Drive And Control ◽  
And Control

When looking in detail at analyses of the tribological load-carrying capacity of lubricants, it becomes apparent that an exclusive evaluation of the development of the coefficient of friction cannot provide any sufficient criteria for determining the occurrence of adhesive failure. This is due on the one hand to the increasing complexity of lubricant formulae, and on the other hand to the increasing power capacity of modern drive and control concepts in the construction of tribometers. For this reason, it is urgently needed to examine the adhesive processes and their detection in more detail with the help of appropriate tribological values and criteria. The evolution of the friction can be coupled with the stroke, contact resistance, and other parameters. Besides, from new criteria for adhesive failure, which were compiled by the workgroup for the relevant ISO, DIN, and ASTM standards, this contribution discusses the inclusion of additional parameters. The SRV® test system—where SRV stands for the German acronym for oscillation, friction, and wear—is one that was developed to analyze adhesive failure from many measurements alongside the coefficient of friction. Testing with the SRV® system is done via step tests with standardized procedures and parameters, which are in accordance with ASTM test methods. The system continuously monitors electrical resistance, zero stroke position signals, temperature, and other measurements, and can derive further parameters that also help to identify adhesive failure and other adhesive events. These dimensionally reduced parameters can provide new insight on the mechanism of the adhesive behavior. This paper aims to discuss how the interpretation of these step tests beyond the development of coefficient of friction can lead to new knowledge and insight in tribological research, and explores the applicability of Stribeck’s theory to the oscillatory and reciprocating motion utilized in the SRV® tribometer.

scholarly journals Field and mesocosm methods to test biodegradable plastic film under marine conditions

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian Lott ◽  
Andreas Eich ◽  
Boris Unger ◽  
Dorothée Makarow ◽  
Glauco Battagliarin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Marine Environment ◽  
Aquatic Ecosystems ◽  
Emerging Market ◽  
Field Tests ◽  
Biodegradable Plastics ◽  
Test System ◽  
Test Methods ◽  
Standard Test ◽  
Biodegradable Plastic ◽  
Reliable Assessment

AbstractThe pollution of the natural environment, especially the world’s oceans, with conventional plastic is of major concern. Biodegradable plastics are an emerging market bringing along potential chances and risks. The fate of these materials in the environment and their possible effects on organisms and ecosystems has rarely been studied systematically and is not well understood. For the marine environment, reliable field test methods and standards for assessing and certifying biodegradation to bridge laboratory respirometric data are lacking. In this work we present newly developed field tests to assess the performance of (biodegradable) plastics under natural marine conditions. These methods were successfully applied and validated in three coastal habitats (eulittoral, benthic and pelagic) and two climate zones (Mediterranean Sea and tropical Southeast Asia). Additionally, a stand-alone mesocosm test system which integrated all three habitats in one technical system at 400-L scale independent from running seawater is presented as a methodological bridge. Films of polyhydroxyalkanoate copolymer (PHA) and low density polyethylene (LD-PE) were used to validate the tests. While LD-PE remained intact, PHA disintegrated to a varying degree depending on the habitat and the climate zone. Together with the existing laboratory standard test methods, the field and mesocosm test systems presented in this work provide a 3-tier testing scheme for the reliable assessment of the biodegradation of (biodegradable) plastic in the marine environment. This toolset of tests can be adapted to other aquatic ecosystems.

Increasing Altitude and the Optokinetic Cervical Reflex

2021 ◽  
Vol 92 (5) ◽  
pp. 319-325
Author(s):  
Matthew A. Stewart ◽  
Sravan Pingali ◽  
David G. Newman
Keyword(s):  
High Altitude ◽  
Opposite Direction ◽  
Spatial Orientation ◽  
Visual Cues ◽  
Head Tilt ◽  
Flight Simulator ◽  
Visual Environment ◽  
Bank Angle ◽  
Environment Changes ◽  
Post Hoc

INTRODUCTION: When an aircraft banks pilots will reflexively tilt their heads in the opposite direction, known as the optokinetic cervical reflex (OKCR). This is elicited by the appearance of the horizon and is an attempt to keep the moving horizon stable on the pilots retina to help maintain spatial orientation. The appearance of the horizon and the visual environment changes at higher altitudes and there is little research studying the effects of this. Our hypothesis was that increasing altitude would alter the visual cues present and decrease the OKCR.METHODS: There were 16 subjects who flew two flights in a flight simulator while their head tilt, aircraft altitude, and angle of aircraft bank were recorded. The flights were at an altitude of under 1500 ft above ground and above 15,000 ft above ground.RESULTS: Aircraft bank caused head tilt in the opposite direction at both altitudes. A two-way ANOVA with Bonferroni post hoc tests showed that 86% of aircraft bank angles from 0 to 90 in either direction had a head tilt that was statistically significantly smaller at high altitude.DISCUSSION: This study shows that there appears to be a difference between the OKCR at low and high altitude. Pilots at higher altitude seem to exhibit a smaller head tilt for the same aircraft bank angle. More research is required to fully understand why there is a decrease in the OKCR at high altitude, as well as the actual consequences of the decreased reflex on pilot orientation.Stewart MA, Pingali S, Newman DG. Increasing altitude and the optokinetic cervical reflex. Aerosp Med Hum Perform. 2021; 92(5):319325.

Shaping motor activities of young football players in comprehensive training using the Fitlight system

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (91) ◽  
pp. 43-51
Author(s):  
Henryk Duda
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Orientation ◽  
Test Methods ◽  
Football Players ◽  
Teaching Methodology ◽  
Mental Action ◽  
Main Research ◽  
Playing Field ◽  
Research Questions ◽  
And Control ◽  
Experimental Group

Introduction. In the actions of football players, due to the dynamics of the playing field, the ability of perception is of great importance for game effectiveness. This instruction not only determines good orientation in the game, but also significantly facilitates perception in action. Therefore, considering its importance for an effective game, apt methods are being sought out to improve the level of this disposition among football players. Aim of the work and research questions. This study is of utilitarian nature. The main research objective is aimed at modifying the current concept of teaching methodology in sports games on the example of football, which involves activation of a player’s orientational and spatial spheres. The following research questions were posed: • Will the implementation of the Fitlight system for teaching football techniques improve the spatial orientation of young football players? • Will the use of the Fitlight system in training increase the level of action in the game among young footballers? • Can football training be improved by introducing the Fitlight system? Materials and test methods. The method of pedagogical experiment was used to study the effectiveness (learning and teaching) of special motor skills. The technique of parallel groups was used: experimental (E) and control (C). In experimental research, the independent variable was the method of developing and transmitting information using the Fitlight system based on the mental action of the player, c considering the development of spatial orientation in the process of teaching movement activities (special techniques). The dependent variables were measurable results concerning development of the spatial orientation level in practical activities and the players’ mastery of technical activities in game conditions. Research was conducted on an annual basis (in 2018-2019) among young football players of RKS Garbarnia Kraków - junior class C1 - age of the respondents: 14-15 years. The study participants comprised 30 young players, divided into 2 subgroups: experimental (E) and control (C), each consisting of 15 players. The experimental group participated in the experimental training unit twice a week; practical classes lasting 90 minutes. A total of 60 training units were conducted. These classes were carried out using the Fitlight system to teach technical activities that were characterised by a greater pool of exercises in the field of spatial orientation and also including greater mentalisation (concentration, divisibility of attention). Results. Analysis of the research results allowed to confirm the significance of training using the Fitlight system. The experimental group, in relation to the control, demonstrated higher values in the level of spatial orientation and, above all, higher parameters in the simulated game.

Research of Spindle Runout Testing Methods

2011 ◽  
Vol 121-126 ◽  
pp. 1455-1459 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi Gao ◽  
Guo Hua Cao ◽  
Hong Ji Xu ◽  
Zheng Lin Yu
Keyword(s):  
Measurement System ◽  
Test System ◽  
Test Methods ◽  
Displacement Sensor ◽  
Sensor Calibration ◽  
Laser Displacement Sensor ◽  
Testing Methods ◽  
Calibration Experiment ◽  
Calibration Device ◽  
Machine Spindle

The paper aims at the analysis of machine spindle runout characteristics and designs of a laser displacement sensor in non-contact spindle runout measurement system. To ensure accuracy, we designed the laser displacement sensor calibration device, and the test calibration experiment was carried out by using laser displacement sensor. Experimental results showed that the test methods met the accuracy requirements of test system.

Design of Key Process Parameters Test-Bench for 1250mm2 Large Cross-Section Conductor Tension Stringing

2014 ◽  
Vol 1065-1069 ◽  
pp. 2058-2062
Author(s):  
Yong Jun Xia ◽  
Wen Ming Mei ◽  
Chun Hua Hu ◽  
Jin Miao Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Cross Section ◽  
Test Bench ◽  
Test System ◽  
Test Methods ◽  
Test Scheme ◽  
Construction Technology ◽  
Large Cross Section ◽  
Force Analysis ◽  
Limit Test ◽  
Design And Manufacture

This document proposed the test scheme of limit Test-bench structural system under the setting-out conditions of simulating critical state and completed the design and manufacture of the test system through conducting investigation on test methods and equipment of tension stringing construction process, combining the 1,250mm2 large cross-section conductor and construction technology requirements and based on functional positioning, optimization of combined design and force analysis of Test-bench, mechanics analysis of various parts and their connection as well as allowable stress method check. This system was closer to the actual stringing working conditions, and the obtained data were more reasonable and exact and meet the actual engineering demand. In addition, the reliability of this test system has been verified through the test of 1,250mm2 third-class large cross-section conductor.

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