scholarly journals Confianza durante la pandemia por COVID-19 en Panamá

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (35) ◽  
pp. 51
Author(s):  
Ericka Matus ◽  
Lorena Matus ◽  
Ana Toriz ◽  
Jay Molino
Keyword(s):  
International Institutions ◽  
Measurement Instrument ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Global Survey ◽  
Efficient Management ◽  
Alpha Reliability ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
Explained Variance ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Trust Scale

Esta investigación forma parte de una batería de pruebas para precisar las consecuencias psicológicas y conductuales por la crisis COVID-19, a partir de la iniciativa COVIDiSTRESS global survey (Lieberoth y colaboradores, 2020). El objetivo es establecer las propiedades psicométricas de la escala de confianza de la OCDE para explicar la confianza en las personas y en las instituciones en situación de COVID-19 en Panamá. Es un estudio transversal, prospectivo y comparativo. Se aplicó el instrumento de medición sobre confianza elaborado por la Organización para la Cooperación y el Desarrollo Económicos (OCDE), a una población de 765 panameños adultos, entre 18 y 82 años. La estructura psicométrica indica una validez de constructo que integra a dos factores que en conjunto tienen una varianza explicada de 69.69%. La confiabilidad Alpha de Cronbach, arroja un puntaje global de 0.882. Los resultados evidencian desconfianza en las personas, en las autoridades y en las instituciones nacionales e internacionales en situación de COVID-19 en Panamá. Se perciben diferencias significativas por escolaridad, situación marital y edad. La confianza es similarmente baja por género, a pesar de los esfuerzos gubernamentales por el manejo pertinente y eficiente durante el inicio de la pandemia. Es importante, resaltar que la situación de cuarentena por pandemia durante la aplicación del cuestionario es una variable externa, extraordinaria, por lo que se recomienda realizar estudios longitudinales para contrastar y medir el impacto que ésta tiene. This research is part of a battery of tests to determine the psychological and behavioral consequences of the COVID-19 crisis, based on the COVIDiSTRESS global survey initiative (Lieberoth et al., 2020). The objective is to establish the psychometric properties of the OECD trust scale to explain trust in people and institutions in situation of COVID-19 in Panama. It is a cross-sectional, prospective, and comparative study. The confidence measurement instrument developed by the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) was applied to a population of 765 Panamanian adults, between n 18 and 82 years old. The psychometric structure indicates a construct validity that integrates two factors that together have an explained variance of 69.69%. Cronbach's Alpha reliability yields an overall score of 0.882. The results show mistrust in people, authorities, and national and international institutions in situation of COVID-19 in Panama. Significant differences are perceived by schooling, marital status, and age. Confidence is similarly low by gender, despite government efforts for relevant and efficient management during the onset of the pandemic. It is important to highlight that the quarantine situation due to pandemic during the application of the questionnaire is an external, extraordinary variable, so it is recommended to carry out longitudinal studies to contrast and measure the impact it has.

scholarly journals Be Aware of Burnout! The Role of Changes in Academic Burnout in Problematic Facebook Usage among University Students

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (15) ◽  
pp. 8055
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Tomaszek ◽  
Agnieszka Muchacka-Cymerman
Keyword(s):  
Regression Coefficient ◽  
Population Sample ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Academic Burnout ◽  
Independent Variables ◽  
Social Motive ◽  
Explained Variance ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Most previous research has examined the relationship between FB addiction and burnout level by conducting cross-sectional studies. Little is known about the impact of changes in burnout on FB addiction in an educational context. Through a two-way longitudinal survey of a student population sample (N = 115), this study examined the influence of changes in academic burnout over time and FB motives and importance (measured at the beginning and the end of the semester) on FB intrusion measured at the end of the academic semester. The findings show that: (1) increases in cynicism and in FB motives and importance significantly predicted time2 FB intrusion; (2) FB importance enhanced the prediction power of changes in the academic burnout total score, exhaustion and personal inefficacy, and reduced the regression coefficient of changes in cynicism; (3) the interaction effects between FB social motive use and changes in academic burnout, as well as between FB importance and personal inefficacy and exhaustion, accounted for a significant change in the explained variance of time2 FB intrusion. About 20–30% of the variance in time2 FB intrusion was explained by all the examined variables and by the interactions between them. The results suggest that changes in academic burnout and FB motives and importance are suppressive variables, as including these variables in the regression model all together changed the significance of the relationship between independent variables and FB intrusion.

The Spatial Structuring of Interurban Housing Markets: Application to Building Sites Prepared for Self-Provided Housing

10.1068/a4110 ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 41 (9) ◽  
pp. 2143-2161 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean-Marie Halleux
Keyword(s):  
Academic Research ◽  
Housing Markets ◽  
Theoretical Framework ◽  
Market Outcomes ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Market Participants ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
Modelling Methodology ◽  
Spatial Autoregressive ◽  
The Impact

The author supports the argument that a focus on the spatiality of economic mechanisms can be a valuable way to address the issue of interurban housing markets, a theme which has not yet been adequately addressed by academic research. Developments are based on a theoretical framework in which two factors are considered central to the structuring of markets: (i) the possibility of choice between substitutable supplies (spatially related to the territory prospected by the consumer), and (ii) the availability of information on the state of the market (spatially related to the use of local sales references when market participants prepare their negotiations). This theoretical framework is empirically applied to the case of building sites prepared for self-built housing, with a modelling methodology elaborated for Belgium. The modelling methodology, based on cross-sectional regressions, develops a spatial autoregressive specification and incorporates a multiscale comparison. By highlighting the importance of information availability and demand substitutability, this exercise confirms that a focus on interurban market spatiality can be helpful to housing researchers. In fact, the results suggest that such a focus is particularly appropriate to the analysis of the impact of planning regulations on market outcomes.

scholarly journals How Demanding Is Volunteer Work at a Crisis Line? An Assessment of Work- and Organization-Related Demands and the Relation With Distress and Intention to Leave

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renate C. W. J. Willems ◽  
Constance H. C. Drossaert ◽  
Harald S. Miedema ◽  
Ernst T. Bohlmeijer
Keyword(s):  
Intention To Leave ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Professional Help ◽  
Work Related ◽  
High Distress ◽  
Explained Variance ◽  
Crisis Line ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Psychiatric Problems

Background: Crisis line services, run by volunteers, offer a listening ear 24/7 to people who cannot or do not want to use professional help. Although previous studies have identified various potential stressors crisis line volunteers face, as yet a comprehensive assessment is lacking with regards to the frequency and perceived stressfulness of work- and organization-related demands, and their relationship with distress and a volunteer's intention to leave.Objective: To identify the frequency and impact of particular stressful situations (demands). In addition, to examine the extent to which these demands are associated with volunteers' demographics, distress and intention to leave the crisis line service.Method: In a cross-sectional study among 543 volunteers of a Dutch crisis line service the participants filled out a questionnaire about their experience of a large number of work- and organization-related demands and their perceived stressfulness. To calculate the impact of demands, the occurrence and stressfulness were multiplied. In addition, work-related distress, intention to leave the crisis line service as well as a number of demographics and work-related characteristics were assessed.Results: Work-related demands with the highest impact on volunteers were calls from people with psychiatric problems and suicidal intentions. “Having no time for a break” was the organization-related demand with the highest impact on volunteers. Eighteen percentage of the volunteers scored moderate or high on distress and 4% had the intention to leave the crisis line service within 1 year. Most work- and organization-related demands were positively associated with volunteers' distress and intention to leave the organization. Being older, being male and spending more hours per week volunteering were significantly, positively correlated with work-related demands. The total explained variance for distress was 16% and for intention to leave 13%.Conclusion: Although most crisis line volunteers experienced low impact from work- and organization-related demands, these demands were significantly related to experienced distress and the intention to leave crisis line service. For volunteers with moderate to high distress it can be useful to implement interventions aimed at increasing personal resources to help them deal with the challenges of the work at the crisis line.

scholarly journals Impact of the SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) crisis on surgical training: global survey and a proposed framework for recovery

BJS Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
M Yiasemidou ◽  
J Tomlinson ◽  
I Chetter ◽  
Biyani C Shenkar
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Training ◽  
Teaching Methods ◽  
Steering Committee ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Global Survey ◽  
Direct Training ◽  
Major Disruption ◽  
Training Resources ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic had a profound impact on surgical services, potentially having a detrimental impact on training opportunities. The aim of this global survey was to assess the impact of the COVID-19 crisis on surgical training and to develop a framework for recovery. Methods A cross-sectional, web-based survey was conducted. This was designed by a steering committee of medical educationalists and validated by a group of trainees before dissemination. Results A total of 608 responses were obtained from 34 countries and 15 specialties. The results demonstrated major disruption in all aspects of training. The impact was greatest for conferences (525 of 608) and hands-on courses (517 of 608), but less for inpatient care-related training (268 of 608). European trainees were significantly more likely to experience direct training disruption than trainees in Asia (odds ratio 0.15) or Australia (OR 0.10) (χ2 = 87.162, P < 0.001). Alternative training resources (webinars, 359 of 608; educational videos, 234 of 608) have emerged, although trainees expressed some dissatisfaction with them. The collective responses generated a four-pillar framework for training recovery that involved: guidance from training stakeholders with the involvement of trainees; prioritization of training, especially the roles of senior surgeons/trainers; provision of access to alternative/new teaching methods; and measures to address trainee anxiety. Conclusion Training has been greatly affected by the COVID-19 pandemic. The introduction of new teaching methods and a focus on training after the pandemic are imperative.

scholarly journals Availability of workplace policy for prevention of coronavirus disease 2019 and its relationship with personal protection behaviours: A survey of employees

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kailu WANG ◽  
Eliza Lai Yi WONG ◽  
Kin Fai HO ◽  
Annie Wai Ling CHEUNG ◽  
Eng Kiong YEOH ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Relevant Information ◽  
Personal Protection ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Occupational Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Background: The evolving pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has become a severe threat to public health, and the workplace presents high risks in terms of spreading the disease. Few studies have focused on the impact of workplace policy on individual behaviours. This study aimed to examine the relationship of workplace guidelines and measures with employees’ behaviours regarding COVID-19 prevention. Methods: A cross-sectional survey using an online questionnaire was conducted to gather employees’ access to workplace guidelines and measures as well as their personal protection behaviours. Statistical associations between these two factors in different occupations were examined using multiple ordinal logistic regressions. Results: A total of 1048 valid questionnaires across five occupational groups were analysed. Manual labourers reported lower availability of workplace guidelines and measures (76.9% vs. 89.9% for all, P = 0.003). Employees with available workplace guidelines and measures performed personal protection behaviours with higher frequency, and this association was more significant among managers/administrators and manual labourers. Conclusions: Awareness about the disease and pandemic among employers and administrators should be promoted, and resources should be allocated to publish guidelines and implement measures in the workplace. Manual labourers may require specific attention regarding accessibility of relevant information, given their poorer experience of workplace policy and their work nature. Governments should guide the establishment of appropriate policies and responses at the workplace level. Further studies are needed to test the effectiveness of specific workplace policies on COVID-19 prevention.

scholarly journals SP4.1.1 The impact of the SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) crisis on surgical training: a global survey and a proposed framework for recovery

2021 ◽  
Vol 108 (Supplement_7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marina Yiasemidou ◽  
James Tomlinson ◽  
Ian Chetter ◽  
Chandra Shekhar Biyani ◽  
REINS Collaborative
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Training ◽  
Teaching Methods ◽  
Steering Committee ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Global Survey ◽  
Surgical Services ◽  
Direct Training ◽  
Training Resources ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background The SARS-Cov-2 pandemic had a profound impact on surgical services, potentially causing a detrimental impact on training opportunities. The aim of this global survey was to assess the impact of the COVID-19 crisis on surgical training and develop a framework for recovery. Methods A cross-sectional, web-based survey was conducted. This was designed by a steering committee of medical educationalists and validated by a group of trainees prior to dissemination. Results 608 responses were obtained from 34 countries and 15 specialties. The results demonstrated major disruptions in all aspects of training. The impact was highest for conferences (525/608) and hands-on courses (517/608), but less for in-patient care related training (268/608). European trainees were significantly more likely to experience direct training disruption than trainees in Asia (O.R 0.148, 95% C.I -2.443, -1.378) or Australia (O.R 0.097, -2.981, -1.678) (c2= 87.162 p < 0.001). Alternative training resources (webinars: 359/608, educational videos: 234/608) have emerged, although trainees expressed some dissatisfaction with them. The collective responses generated a five-pillar framework for training recovery: that involved; prioritisation of trainee and public safety; guidance from training stakeholders with the involvement of trainees; prioritisation of training especially the roles of senior surgeons/trainers; provision of access to alternative/new teaching methods and measures to address trainee anxiety. Conclusions Training has been greatly affected. The introduction of new teaching methods and focus on training after the pandemic are imperative.

Multidisciplinary team decision is rare and decreasing in percutaneous vascular interventions despite positive impact on in-hospital outcomes

VASA ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 262-269 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian-Alexander Behrendt ◽  
Tilo Kölbel ◽  
Thea Schwaneberg ◽  
Holger Diener ◽  
Ralf Hohnhold ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multidisciplinary Team ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Invasive Treatment ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Hospital Outcomes ◽  
Vascular Intervention ◽  
Medical Specialties ◽  
Team Decision ◽  
The Impact

Abstract. Background: Worldwide prevalence of peripheral artery disease (PAD) is increasing and peripheral vascular intervention (PVI) has become the primary invasive treatment. There is evidence that multidisciplinary team decision-making (MTD) has an impact on in-hospital outcomes. This study aims to depict practice patterns and time changes regarding MTD of different medical specialties. Methods: This is a retrospective cross-sectional study design. 20,748 invasive, percutaneous PVI of PAD conducted in the metropolitan area of Hamburg (Germany) were consecutively collected between January 2004 and December 2014. Results: MTD prior to PVI was associated with lower odds of early unsuccessful termination of the procedures (Odds Ratio 0.662, p < 0.001). The proportion of MTD decreased over the study period (30.9 % until 2009 vs. 16.6 % from 2010, p < 0.001) while rates of critical limb-threatening ischemia (34.5 % vs. 42.1 %), patients´ age (70 vs. 72 years), PVI below-the-knee (BTK) (13.2 % vs. 22.4 %), and rates of severe TASC C/D lesions BTK (43.2 % vs. 54.2 %) increased (all p < 0.001). Utilization of MTD was different between medical specialties with lowest frequency in procedures performed by internists when compared to other medical specialties (7.1 % vs. 25.7 %, p < 0.001). Conclusions: MTD prior to PVI is associated with technical success of the procedure. Nonetheless, rates of MTD prior to PVI are decreasing during the study period. Future studies should address the impact of multidisciplinary vascular teams on long-term outcomes.

Factors Influencing Academic Stress on Students of University of Economics and Business - Vietnam National University

2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nham Phong Tuan ◽  
Nguyen Ngoc Quy ◽  
Nguyen Thi Thanh Huyen ◽  
Hong Tra My ◽  
Tran Nhu Phu
Keyword(s):  
Academic Stress ◽  
Stress Factors ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Stress Scale ◽  
Perceptions And Attitudes ◽  
National University ◽  
Questionnaire Surveys ◽  
The University ◽  
The Impact

The objective of this study is to investigate the impact of seven factors causing academic stress on students of University of Economics and Business - Vietnam National University: Lack of leisure time, Academic performance, Fear of failure, Academic overload, Finances, Competition between students, Relationships with university faculty. Based on the results of a practical survey of 185 students who are attending any courses at the University of Economics and Business - Vietnam National University, the study assesses the impact of stress factors on students. The thesis focuses on clarifying the concept of "stress" and the stress level of students, while pointing out its negative effects on students. This study includes two cross-sectional questionnaire surveys. The first survey uses a set of 16 questions to assess students’ perceptions and attitudes based on an instrument to measure academic stress - Educational Stress Scale for Adolescents (ESSA). The second survey aims to test internal consistency, the robustness of the previously established 7-factor structure. Henceforth, the model was brought back and used qualitatively, combined with Cronbach’s Alpha measurement test and EFA discovery factor analysis. This study was conducted from October 2019 to December 2019. From these practical analyzes, several proposals were made for the society, the school and the students themselves.

The impact of the use of a footrest on the quality of chest compressions. A prospective, randomized, cross-sectional study

2018 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jolanta Majer ◽  
Sandra Pyda ◽  
Jerzy Robert Ladny ◽  
Antonio Rodriguez-Nunez ◽  
Lukasz Szarpak
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Chest Compressions ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Impact

Self-Esteem and Loneliness as Predicting Factors of Arab Children Achievement İn Kuala Lumpur

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 199 ◽  
Author(s):  
Asma'a Abdel Fattah Alhoot ◽  
Ssekamanya Sıraje Abdallah
Keyword(s):  
Academic Achievement ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Kuala Lumpur ◽  
Arab Children ◽  
Predicting Factors ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
Arab Schools ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The Impact

Taking into consideration the fact that self-esteem and loneliness have an even more important role to play in students' learning, this study seeks to examine the correlation of these two factors with children academic performance. The study involved 499 (grade 4 to grade 9) Arab children studying at Arab schools in Kuala Lumpur-Malaysia. Data were collected via two questionnaires (one for loneliness and the other for self-esteem). The correlational data analysis yielded a negative correlation between loneliness and academic achievement while there is a positive correlation between self-esteem and achievement. Results also suggested that there is no correlation between students' gender, age, and academic achievement. Furthermore, the results revealed that self-esteem is a good predictor of achievement while loneliness and gender are not good predictors. The findings of the present study are discussed in relation to the relevant literature, taking into consideration the impact of children mental health on their academic achievement. Finally, recommendations for further research are presented.

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