scholarly journals Physico-chemical characteristics of textile effluent collected from Erode, Pallipalayam and Bhavani polluted regions, Tamilnadu, India

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ganesan Sathiyaraj ◽  
K. Chellappan Ravindran ◽  
Zakir Hussain Malik
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Protection Agency ◽  
Textile Industry ◽  
Skin Irritation ◽  
Textile Effluent ◽  
Chemical Characteristics ◽  
Textile Dye ◽  
Protection Agency ◽  
Huge Amount ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Calcium Magnesium

<p>Present study perceives that textile dye effluents of Erode, Pallipalayam and Bhavani region have substantial volume of EC, pH, TDS, COD, BOD, Sodium Chloride, Calcium, Magnesium, Potassium and heavy metals. Results point out that irrespective of the source, effluent properties exceeded permissible limits by WHO/ FAO/Federal Environmental Protection Agency for irrigation. The textile industry consumes a mixture of chemicals and huge amount of water during the production process. About 200 L of water are used to produce 1 kg of textile. The textile effluent can cause several health infections like haemorrhage, ulceration of skin, nausea, skin irritation and dermatitis. <br /><br /></p>

Photocatalytic degradation of synthetic dye under sunlight

2007 ◽  
Vol 61 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dusan Mijin ◽  
Mirko Jugurdzija ◽  
Petar Jovancic
Keyword(s):  
Textile Industry ◽  
Heterogeneous Photocatalysis ◽  
Textile Dye ◽  
Synthetic Dyes ◽  
Chemical Methods ◽  
Dye Pollutants ◽  
Photodegradation Efficiency ◽  
Photodegradation Rate ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Ph Increase

Synthetic dyes are widely used in the textile industry. Dye pollutants from the textile industry are an important source of environmental contamination. The majority of these dyes are toxic, mostly non-biodegradable and also resistant to decomposition by physico-chemical methods. Among new oxidation methods or "advanced oxidation processes", heterogeneous photocatalysis appears as an emerging destructive technology leading to the total mineralization of many organic pollutants. CI Basic Yellow 28 (BY28), commonly used as a textile dye, could be photocatalytically degraded using TiU2 as catalyst under sunlight. The effect of some parameters such as the initial catalyst concentration, initial dye concentration, initial NaCl and Na2CO3 concentrations, pH, H2O2 and type of catalyst on the degradation rate of BY28 was examined in details. The presence of NaCl and Na2CO3 led to inhibition of the photodegradation process. The highest photodegradation rate was observed at high pH, while the rate was the lowest at low pH. Increase of the initial H2O2 concentration increased the initial BY28 photodegradation efficiency. ZnO was a better catalyst than TiO2 at low dye concentrations.

scholarly journals Quality Assessment of Groundwater in the Vicinity of Coir Retting Areas of Kadinamkulam Estuary, South India

2020 ◽  
pp. 118-128
Author(s):  
Sonu Sasidharan ◽  
D. S. Jaya
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Sulfide ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Chemical Characteristics ◽  
Residential Areas ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Sulfide Content ◽  
Calcium Magnesium ◽  
Hydrogen Sulfide Content

The present study was conducted in the selected groundwater bodies of the coastal gramapanchayath near Kadinamkulam estuary during the pre-monsoon, monsoon, and post-monsoon seasons. Kadinamkulam estuary is one of the major coir-retting areas in Kerala. The major objective of the study is to assess the physico- chemical characteristics and hydrogen sulfide pollution of groundwater in the residential areas of Azhoor Gramapanchayath in Thiruvananthapuram district. Surface water samples from selected stations were also collected from the Kadinamkulam estuary. The physico-chemical characteristics of water were analyzed following the standard procedures in APHA (2012). The results show that the recorded values for color, pH, phosphate, calcium, magnesium and hydrogen sulfide were above the permissible limits of drinking water quality standards (Bureau of Indian Standards, 1991; WHO, 1993, 1996). This may be due leaching of effluents from the coir retting activity in the Kadinamkulam estuary and due to the disposal of solid wastes. The study also revealed that the hydrogen sulfide content was high in lake water samples which affect the primary productivity of the water body. The correlation and principal component analysis shows that color is an important parameter and from cluster, analysis it was found that phosphate and hydrogen sulfide content significantly affect the groundwater quality. The study concludes that the groundwater sources in the study area are getting contaminated due to the leaching of pollutants from Kadinamkulam estuary and anthropogenic activities in the nearby residential areas.

scholarly journals Separation efficiency of two waste polymer fibers for oily water treatment

2016 ◽  
pp. 167-174
Author(s):  
Dunja Sokolovic ◽  
Tatjana Vulic ◽  
Arpad Kiralj ◽  
Milica Hadnadjev-Kostic ◽  
Srdjan Sokolovic
Keyword(s):  
Textile Industry ◽  
Separation Efficiency ◽  
Fluid Velocity ◽  
Polymeric Materials ◽  
Flow Mode ◽  
Chemical Characteristics ◽  
Oily Wastewater ◽  
Mineral Oils ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Wide Range

This work is concerned with the efficiency of two different waste polymeric materials as the filter media in a laboratory-scale bed coalescer in the horizontal fluid flow mode, operating in a steady-state regime. The applied materials are: waste polyethylene terephthalate from textile industry, BA1 and waste polypropylene from carpet industry, PP. Using these compressible fiber polymeric materials, high bed porosity (up to 98%) could be obtained. The investigation was carried out over a wide range of working conditions. Bed permeability was varied in the range from 0.18?10-9 to 5.389?10-9 m2. Operating fluid velocity was varied from 19 to 80 m/h, until the critical velocity was reached. Different oily wastewaters were used in the experiments. Oily wastewater is defined as the oil-inwater emulsion model prepared using mineral oils of different physico-chemical characteristics: crude oil (A) from Vojvodina region, two vacuum distillation fractions (A1, A4), and blended petroleum product with a high paraffinic content (P1). Both applied polymeric materials, BA1 and PP, showed high separation efficiency for treatment of all investigated oily wastewater. However, the BA1 material showed higher efficiency in a wider range of bed permeability and physico-chemical characteristics of oil.

Influence of Nano-Modification on Structural, Mechanical and Physico-Chemical Characteristics of Bentonite

2021 ◽  
Vol 316 ◽  
pp. 34-39
Author(s):  
Artem E. Buntin
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Characteristics ◽  
Chemical Characteristics ◽  
Absorption Bands ◽  
Similar Nature ◽  
Silicon Oxides ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Calcium Magnesium ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Silicon Oxygen

The paper studies the influence of nanodispersed aluminum and silicon oxides on the structural, physico-chemical and mechanical characteristics of calcium-magnesium bentonite deposits of the Republic of Tatarstan, in order to determine the optimal concentrations of the nanomodifier, and to improve the performance of respective materials. It was found that nanomodification of bentonite increases the strength of samples after firing by more than 1,5 times, the adsorption index by 20–25 %. The optimal concentration of nanoparticles was determined by changing the properties. The methods of Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET), x-ray phase analysis and infrared spectroscopy show an increase in the specific surface area, a change in the phase composition of the annealed samples, the intensity and position of the characteristic absorption bands, as well as the chemical bond silicon-oxygen in bentonite, modified by nanoparticles of aluminum and silicon oxides of similar nature.

scholarly journals Physico-Chemical Analysis of SriChamSugar’s Mill Effluent Water of Bharathi Nagara (Karnataka)

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 15-19
Author(s):  
P Nagendra ◽  
S Madan Kumar ◽  
B S Ravi
Keyword(s):  
Waste Water ◽  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Chemical Characteristics ◽  
Food Crops ◽  
Sugar Mill ◽  
Effluent Water ◽  
Oil And Grease ◽  
Sodium Potassium ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Calcium Magnesium

Sugar industries have an essential place in Indian economic development. However, the waste water generated from these industries poses a significant threat to the environment as well as irrigated land. If untreated effluents are used in irrigation, they might contaminate food crops and, if they are released into water bodies, they might also be dangerous to the survival of the aquatic ecosystem. The Physico-chemical characteristics of the content in the effluents from Sri Cham Sugars Private Limited, Bharathi nagara Sugar mill have been explored. Physico-chemical characteristics included color, odor, temperature, pH, BOD, COD, TDS, TS, DO, Chloride, Sulphate, Nitrate, Calcium, Magnesium, Sodium, Potassium, oil and grease, Electrical conductivity of the effluent collected from the different sites at discharge point in different months have been determined.

scholarly journals EFFICIENCY OF COAGULATION-FLOCCULATION PROCESS IN THE TREATMENT OF ABATTOIR EFFLUENT

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ayokunle Familusi ◽  
◽  
Adebola Adekunle ◽  
Adedayo Badejo ◽  
Olayemi Adeosun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Environmental Protection ◽  
Environmental Protection Agency ◽  
Treatment Process ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Total Hardness ◽  
Protection Agency ◽  
Treated Effluent ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Flocculation Process

The use of coagulation-flocculation process as means of wastewater treatment is gradually becoming more popular. This research work is to evaluate the efficiency of coagulation-flocculation process in the treatment of abattoir effluent. Samples of abattoir effluent were collected from a slaughterhouse at Ede, Nigeria, and Alum was used in the coagulation-flocculation treatment of the effluent. The physico-chemical and bacteriological analyses of the untreated and treated effluent were carried out and these were used in determining the efficiency of the treatment process. The values obtained (from the physico-chemical and bacteriological analyses) were also compared with the effluent standard of Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). Coagulation-flocculation process is performed efficiently in reducing the contaminant level of Colour, TDS, Turbidity, Conductivity, TSS, Total Hardness, COD, Coliform, metals and other pollutants from the effluent.

Scanning electron microscopy of asbestos-containing material where the asbestos fibers are considered locked in a binder

1993 ◽  
Vol 51 ◽  
pp. 472-473
Author(s):  
J. R. Millette ◽  
R. S. Brown
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Environmental Protection Agency ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
The United States ◽  
Protection Agency ◽  
Asbestos Fibers ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Binder Material ◽  
Scanning Electron

The United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has labeled as “friable” those building materials that are likely to readily release fibers. Friable materials when dry, can easily be crumbled, pulverized, or reduced to powder using hand pressure. Other asbestos containing building materials (ACBM) where the asbestos fibers are in a matrix of cement or bituminous or resinous binders are considered non-friable. However, when subjected to sanding, grinding, cutting or other forms of abrasion, these non-friable materials are to be treated as friable asbestos material. There has been a hypothesis that all raw asbestos fibers are encapsulated in solvents and binders and are not released as individual fibers if the material is cut or abraded. Examination of a number of different types of non-friable materials under the SEM show that after cutting or abrasion, tuffs or bundles of fibers are evident on the surfaces of the materials. When these tuffs or bundles are examined, they are shown to contain asbestos fibers which are free from binder material. These free fibers may be released into the air upon further cutting or abrasion.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document