scholarly journals LEADing the Way: Perceptions of Self-Advocate Educators (SAEs) for Law Enforcement

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisa Schoenbrodt
Keyword(s):  
Law Enforcement ◽  
The Way

Community policing in Danish “ghetto” areas: Trust and distrust between the police and ethnic minority youth

2021 ◽  
pp. 174889582110173
Author(s):  
Tobias Kammersgaard ◽  
Thomas Friis Søgaard ◽  
Mie Birk Haller ◽  
Torsten Kolind ◽  
Geoffrey Hunt
Keyword(s):  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Procedural Justice ◽  
Ethnic Minority ◽  
Police Officers ◽  
Community Policing ◽  
Minority Youth ◽  
Ethnic Minority Youth ◽  
Challenges And Strategies ◽  
The Way

Recent years have seen trends within police to use different forms of “community policing” strategies that aim to foster closer relationships and trust with citizens, as well as an orientation toward “procedural justice” in law enforcement practices. Based on 25 interviews with police officers in two different police precincts in Denmark, this article explores the policing of ethnic minority youth in so-called “ghetto” areas from the perspectives of police officers. In doing this, we describe the specific challenges and strategies in implementing such policing methods in neighborhoods where some residents display low trust or even hostility toward the police. The article sheds light on the emotional, organizational, and practical challenges involved in doing community policing in marginalized neighborhoods and the way in which this shapes how community policing is being organized in practice.

THE SPECIFIC OF HIERARCHICAL COLLISIONS RESOLUTION IN RUSSIAN LAW

2021 ◽  
pp. 34-37
Author(s):  
Наталья Алексеевна Макарова
Keyword(s):  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Special Property ◽  
Basic Rule ◽  
Constitutional State ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Russian Law ◽  
The Moment ◽  
Practical Recommendations ◽  
The Way ◽  
Legal Force

Статья посвящена рассмотрению особенностей и формулированию практических рекомендаций по разрешению иерархических юридических коллизий в российском праве. Автор статьи предлагает трактовать иерархическую (субординационную) юридическую коллизию расширительно: не только как противоречие между двумя или более нормативно-правовыми актами, но и как возможное противоречие между правовыми актами разных типов, включая правоприменительные (индивидуальные) и интерпретационные акты. Подчеркивается, что базовым правилом разрешения любой иерархической юридической коллизии должно быть правило юридической силы. В то же время в настоящий момент в российском праве нормы, определяющие данное понятие, а равно устанавливающие четкие механизмы преодоления юридических коллизий, включая иерархические, отсутствуют. Под юридической силой предлагается понимать особое свойство правовых актов, благодаря наличию которого данные акты формируют иерархию, и нижестоящие акты вышестоящим противоречить не могут. Выдвигается тезис о том, что не типичные иерархические коллизии в праве (коллизии между нормативно-правовым актом, с одной стороны, и правоприменительным или интерпретационным актом, с другой, а равно несколькими правоприменительными и (или) интерпретационными актами между собой) как разновидность иерархической юридической коллизии должны разрешаться с обязательным использованием правила юридической силы. То есть акты нормативного толкования и правоприменения должны быть приравнены по юридической силе к интерпретируемым и применяемым актам. Именно такой путь позволит избежать остановок в работе механизма реализации права, которых, как известно, современное правовое государство позволить себе не может. The article is devoted to the consideration of the features and the development of practical recommendations for resolving hierarchical legal collisions in Russian law. The author of the article proposes to interpret the hierarchical legal collision broadly, not only as a contradiction between regulatory legal acts, but also as a possible contradiction between legal acts of different types. It is emphasized that the basic rule for resolving any hierarchical legal collision should be the rule of legal force. However, at the moment in Russian law there are no norms defining this concept, as well as establishing clear mechanisms for overcoming legal conflicts, including hierarchical ones. It is proposed to understand legal force as a special property of legal acts, due to the presence of which these acts form a hierarchy, and lower-level acts cannot contradict higher-level ones. The thesis is put forward that non-typical hierarchical collisions in law should also be resolved with the obligatory use of the rule of legal force. This means that the acts of normative interpretation and law enforcement should be equated in legal force with the interpreted and applied acts. This is the way to avoid stoppages in the work of the mechanism for the implementation of the law, which, as you know, the modern constitutional state cannot afford.

The Year of the Cop

2018 ◽  
pp. 43-63
Author(s):  
Max Felker-Kantor
Keyword(s):  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Ronald Reagan ◽  
Community Relations ◽  
Law And Order ◽  
Federal Law ◽  
Officer Training ◽  
Federal Law Enforcement ◽  
Riot Control ◽  
The Way

The LAPD’s postwar model of policing routinely served as a standard for departments across the country. Backed by federal Law Enforcement Assistance Administration funds and support from newly elected law-and-order governor Ronald Reagan, the LAPD led the way in bolstering its paramilitary function through riot control plans, the use of helicopters, and the invention of Special Weapons and Tactics (SWAT) teams, which was quickly adopted by other departments. At the same time, the department sought to legitimize the iron fist with the velvet glove of community relations and improved officer training. As this chapter shows, the LAPD engaged in a process of militarization and enhanced its martial capacity while expanding its reach through community relations programs.

A Philosophical Analysis of AI and Racism

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
pp. 36-46
Author(s):  
Lel Jones ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Black People ◽  
Ethical Analysis ◽  
Philosophical Analysis ◽  
Theories Of Justice ◽  
The Way

This paper addresses the problem of racism against Latinx and Black people in Artificial Intelligence (AI) and offers possible solutions. This ethical analysis is necessary because with a dramatic increase in the production of AI, the way we use it is critical in eliminating its current perpetuation of racism. I offer evidence of the current perpetuation of racism through AI by analyzing its use in banking and in law enforcement. I argue that the current way we produce and use AI needs to be seriously reconsidered and reinforce this argument with the use of Rawls’ theories of justice.

scholarly journals A Philosophical Analysis of AI and Racism

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 36-47
Author(s):  
Lel Jones
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Black People ◽  
Ethical Analysis ◽  
Philosophical Analysis ◽  
Theories Of Justice ◽  
The Way

This paper addresses the problem of racism against Latinx and Black people in Artificial Intelligence (AI) and offers possible solutions. This ethical analysis is necessary because with a dramatic increase in the production of AI, the way we use it is critical in eliminating its current perpetuation of racism. I offer evidence of the current perpetuation of racism through AI by analyzing its use in banking and in law enforcement. I argue that the current way we produce and use AI needs to be seriously reconsidered and reinforce this argument with the use of Rawls’ theories of justice.

scholarly journals The Position of Expert Witnesses in Medical Malpractice Cases in Indonesia

Al-Ahkam ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 47
Author(s):  
Muhammad Hatta
Keyword(s):  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Medical Malpractice ◽  
Islamic Law ◽  
Expert Witness ◽  
Expert Witnesses ◽  
Doctor Who ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The Way

<p class="IABSSS">Medical malpractice is one of the most difficult professional errors to prove. In solving medical malpractice cases, law enforcement is always assisted by doctors by connecting experts to reveal the truth with their expertise. The position of doctors as experts is very important and strategic. However, it is not easy for a doctor who wants to become a expert witness because the relationship of the suspect is a colleague. If the doctor want to be an expert witness then his testimony in court is not objective or impressed protect his colleagues. This study suggests that in the completion of medical malpractice cases in court can apply the system of proof by changing the proof to the doctor. In addition, this study also suggests to resolve medical malpractice cases that can be solved through the way of mediation before pursuing litigation settlement. In the aspect of Islamic law, the position of expert witness (<em>ra`yu al-khābir</em>) is very important to explain or interpret a case that is vague and difficult to prove. However, an evidentiary system unable to prove the medical malpractice case then Islamic law can justify by using other methods that can bring benefit in general.</p><p class="IABSSS" align="center">[]</p>Malpraktik medik adalah salah satu kesalahan professional yang sangat sulit dibuktikan. Dalam menyelesaikan kasus malpraktik medik, penegak hukum selalu dibantu oleh dokter sebagai saksi ahli untuk mengukapkan kebenaran sesuai dengan keahlian yang dimilikinya. Kedudukan dokter sebagai saksiahli sangat penting dan strategis. Namun, tidak mudah mendapatkan dokter yang mau menjadi saksi ahli terhadap tersangka karena saksi ahli dengan tersangka adalah teman sejawat. Apabila dokter mau menjadi saksi ahli maka kesaksiannya di pengadilan dinilai tidak objektif atau terkesan melindungi teman sejawatnya. Penelitian ini menyarankan supaya dalam penyelesaian kasus malpraktik medik di pengadilan dapat menerapkan sistem pembuktian terbalik dengan memindahkan beban pembuktian kepada dokter. Selain itu, penelitian ini juga me­nyarankan supaya penyelesaian kasus malpraktik medik dapat diselesaikan melalui jalur mediasi sebelum menempuh penyelesaian secara litigasi. Dalam aspek hukum islam, kedudukan saksi ahli (<em>ra`yu al-khābir</em>) sangat penting untuk menerangkan atau menafsirkan suatu perkara yang kabur dan sulit dibuktikan. Namun, apabila sistem pembuktian dengan menggunakan saksi ahli tidak mampu membuktikan perkara malpraktik medik maka hukum islam dapat membenarkan menggunakan metode lain yang dinilai dapat mendatangkan maslahat secara umum.

scholarly journals The COVID-19 Pandemic and our Heroes

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-6
Author(s):  
Renuka Yadav
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Healthcare Professionals ◽  
Law Enforcement Officers ◽  
Social Distancing ◽  
The World ◽  
Short Commentary ◽  
The Way

The COVID-19 pandemic has affected millions of people across the globe and an equal number of people are at risk of contracting this disease. It has brought life to a standstill with people closing their businesses and adopting social distancing measures. Many countries/cities are under lockdown to contain the disease. To control this situation, the world has come together to combat this disease and return life back to normalcy. While many people are at their homes practicing social distancing, there are a few heroes which include healthcare professionals, law enforcement officers, volunteers etc. This short commentary focuses on the way COVID-19 has shaped the world and salutes its true heroes.

There is No European Security, Only European Securities

2009 ◽  
Vol 44 (3) ◽  
pp. 309-328 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Peter Burgess
Keyword(s):  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Security Policy ◽  
Human Values ◽  
Social Constructivist ◽  
Border Control ◽  
European Security ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Constructivist Position ◽  
Counter Argument ◽  
The Way

In this article, I explore the relationship between ‘value’ and ‘security’ in the conceptualization of European construction and its transformation in recent years through the anti-terror effort. I suggest that the landscape of human values, and the way it is correlated with security, is discontinuous and fragmented. In the post-Madrid/London era, variations in cultures of law enforcement, border control, intelligence and diplomacy, and, not least, new cultures of fear and prudence, render this landscape increasingly complex. The value-laden nature of security and insecurity has contributed to a fragmented evolution in European approaches to the challenge of security. The politics of harmonization and standardization of European security reveals not a singularity in security, but the contrary, namely multiple securities. I thus develop a counter-argument to both realist and social constructivist understandings of values and the role these play in security thinking. I affirm, in a typical constructivist vein, that values matter in the formation of security policy. However, I reverse the typical constructivist position that sees security as the embodiment of ideas, arguing instead that the European self-understanding is itself the product of its own constellation of security and insecurity.

Why Is ISIS so Psychologically Attractive?

2016 ◽  
pp. 149-167
Author(s):  
Loo Seng Neo ◽  
Priscilla Shi ◽  
Leevia Dillon ◽  
Jethro Tan ◽  
Yingmin Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Motivational Factors ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Islamic State ◽  
Security Threat ◽  
New Members ◽  
The Law ◽  
Foreign Fighters ◽  
Behavioural Sciences ◽  
The Way

Since the Islamic State in Iraq and Syria (ISIS) became prominent after the release of beheading videos of its prisoners, many have been confused over how to describe this development in relation to the way the Internet is exploited by violent extremists. While the element of surprise and horror lingered on the minds of many observers, a more pressing question facing the law enforcement is: how does ISIS attract foreign fighters using such videos and online propaganda? As countries around the globe grapple with the security threat posed by their nationals travelling to join ISIS, the need to be au fait with the appeal of ISIS and its ability to use the Internet to recruit new members and sympathisers becomes even more apparent. This chapter uses a behavioural sciences lens to explicate how individual and organisational motivational factors may contribute to the overall appeal of joining ISIS.

The State at the Margins

In Harm's Way ◽  
2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Javier Auyero ◽  
María Fernanda Berti
Keyword(s):  
Law Enforcement ◽  
The State ◽  
Police Brutality ◽  
Daily Lives ◽  
Local Police ◽  
People’S Daily ◽  
People's Daily ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The Way

This chapter examines the relationship between the state's presence at the urban margins and the depacification of poor people's daily lives in Arquitecto Tucci, focusing in particular on the role of the local police in the neighborhood and the way it partakes in the crime it is supposed to be controlling. It first considers the ways in which the local police see the area and its residents, showing that police agents understand the origins and character of violence as “cultural.” It then presents a series of vignettes to depict the particular presence of the repressive arm of the state in Arquitecto Tucci before discussing police brutality and the highly selective nature of law enforcement when it comes to incarceration of offenders. It argues that law enforcement in Arquitecto Tucci is intermittent, selective, and contradictory.

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