scholarly journals THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN CHURCH AND STATE IN THE MEDIEVAL DOCUMENT DICTATUS PAPAE

2021 ◽  
pp. 233-244
Author(s):  
BORIS MILINKOVIĆ
Keyword(s):  
Detailed Analysis ◽  
Eleventh Century ◽  
Church And State ◽  
Primary Source ◽  
Spiritual Authority ◽  
History Of ◽  
Clear Insight ◽  
New Perspective ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Insight Into

The Dictatus Papae is a key primary source for research into the history of Church reforms in the eleventh century, the leading figure of which was Pope Gregory VII Hildebrand. The document consists of twenty-seven statements defining the prerogatives of papal authority in other ecclesiastical and spiritual areas as well as in relationship to secular rulers under the pope’s spiritual authority. This paper will examine some of these statements giving the pope religious and secular prerogatives regarding his authority over secular rulers. A detailed analysis of some of these statements and of historical literature related to the document will provide clear insight into how current historical scholarship views the document and will also showcase the document’s concepts from a completely new perspective. Thus additional space will be opened up for a detailed analysis of the influence of this document on the development of the relationship between Church and state from the time it was written until the present day.

The Oxford History of Protestant Dissenting Traditions, Volume II

2018 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
Church And State ◽  
Political Rights ◽  
Protestant Christianity ◽  
History Of ◽  
Degree Of Acceptance ◽  
Missionary Societies ◽  
Long Eighteenth Century ◽  
British State ◽  
The Relationship

This volume charts the development of protestant Dissent between the passing of the Toleration Act (1689) and the repealing of the Test and Corporation Acts (1828). The long eighteenth century was a period in which Dissenters slowly moved from a position of being a persecuted minority to achieving a degree of acceptance and, eventually, full political rights. The first part of the volume considers the history of various Dissenting traditions inside England. There are separate chapters devoted to Presbyterians, Congregationalists, Baptists, and Quakers—the denominations that traced their history before this period—and also to Methodists, who emerged as one of the denominations of ‘New Dissent’ during the eighteenth century. The second part explores the ways in which these traditions developed outside England. It considers the complexities of being a Dissenter in Wales and Ireland, where the state church was Episcopalian, as well as in Scotland, where it was Presbyterian. It also looks at the development of Dissent across the Atlantic, where the relationship between Church and state was rather more loose. The third part is devoted to revivalist movements and their impact, with a particular emphasis on the importance of missionary societies for spreading protestant Christianity from the late eighteenth century onwards. The fourth part looks at Dissenters’ relationship to the British state and their involvement in campaigns to abolish the slave trade. The final part discusses how Dissenters lived: the theology they developed and their attitudes towards Scripture; the importance of both sermons and singing; their involvement in education and print culture; and the ways in which they expressed their faith materially through their buildings.

AI Narratives

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Ancient Greece ◽  
Historical Overview ◽  
Intelligent Machines ◽  
Narrative History ◽  
History Of ◽  
Imaginative Thinking ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Insight Into

This book is the first to examine the history of imaginative thinking about intelligent machines. As real artificial intelligence (AI) begins to touch on all aspects of our lives, this long narrative history shapes how the technology is developed, deployed, and regulated. It is therefore a crucial social and ethical issue. Part I of this book provides a historical overview from ancient Greece to the start of modernity. These chapters explore the revealing prehistory of key concerns of contemporary AI discourse, from the nature of mind and creativity to issues of power and rights, from the tension between fascination and ambivalence to investigations into artificial voices and technophobia. Part II focuses on the twentieth and twenty-first centuries in which a greater density of narratives emerged alongside rapid developments in AI technology. These chapters reveal not only how AI narratives have consistently been entangled with the emergence of real robotics and AI, but also how they offer a rich source of insight into how we might live with these revolutionary machines. Through their close textual engagements, these chapters explore the relationship between imaginative narratives and contemporary debates about AI’s social, ethical, and philosophical consequences, including questions of dehumanization, automation, anthropomorphization, cybernetics, cyberpunk, immortality, slavery, and governance. The contributions, from leading humanities and social science scholars, show that narratives about AI offer a crucial epistemic site for exploring contemporary debates about these powerful new technologies.

A Welcome Conversation: Toward a New Historiography of Intellectual Property

2018 ◽  
Vol 43 (03) ◽  
pp. 1113-1129
Author(s):  
Kali Murray
Keyword(s):  
Intellectual Property ◽  
Legal History ◽  
Social Practices ◽  
The Body ◽  
Property Law ◽  
Legal Concept ◽  
Narrative Structures ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Insight Into

This essay considers what tools should be used to study the legal history of intellectual property. I identify three historiographical strategies: narration, contest, and formation. Narration identifies the diverse “narrative structures” that shape the field of intellectual property history. Contest highlights how the inherent instability of intellectual property as a legal concept prompts recurrent debates over its meaning. Formation recognizes how intellectual property historians can offer insight into broader legal history debates over how to consider the relationship between informal social practices and formalized legal mechanisms. I consider Kara W. Swanson's Banking on the Body: The Market in Blood, Milk and Sperm in Modern America (2014) in light of these historiographical strategies and conclude that Swanson's book guides us to a new conversation in the legal history of intellectual property law.

From the Co-Editors

2016 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-18
Author(s):  
Rich Robbins ◽  
Leigh Shaffer ◽  
Shannon Lynn Burton
Keyword(s):  
Academic Advising ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Primary Source ◽  
Global Community ◽  
Conference Presentations ◽  
History Of ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Primary Source Documents

With the addition of history to the title of the Theory, Philosophy, and History of Advising Commission of NACADA: The Global Community for Academic Advising, the time has come to reflect on this growing commission as a means to track and record the growth and development of the theoretical debates and questions regarding the field of academic advising. Therefore, I present the rise of the Theory, Philosophy, and History Commission through the lens of two founding members: Marc Lowenstein and Peter Hagen. I also provide insight into the trajectory of dialogue reflected in conference presentations, publications, and primary source documents from NACADA and others.

Maasai Age-Sets and Prophetic Leadership: 1850–1910

Africa ◽  
1979 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 134-146 ◽  
Author(s):  
John L. Berntsen
Keyword(s):  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Professional Services ◽  
Colonial Power ◽  
East African ◽  
The People ◽  
History Of ◽  
Initial Interaction ◽  
Opening Paragraph ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Insight Into

Opening ParagraphIn their initial interaction with the Colonial powers, several East African peoples such as the Maasai, the Turkana, the Sebei, the Karamojong, and the Nandi—all organized through some type of age-based institution—united around prophetic leaders, diviners, or ritual experts who mobilized men from several territorial sections to confront the intruders. This ad hoc military unity was necessarily short-lived, usually ending with the defeat of the people by the colonial power and see the imprisonment or death of the prophetic leader involved. (See Fosbrooke 1948: 12-19; Merker 1910: 67-105; Jacobs 1965: 20-108; Dyson-Hudson 1966: 15-16; Gulliver 1950: 229, 240; Meinertzhagen 1956: 222 ff; Weatherby 1962: 200-12; 1967: 133-44; Lamphear 1976: 225-43.) While ethnological studies of various age-organizations often mention that diviners or prophets provided professional services for the members of an age-group at their ceremonies, no one has examined the process by which a prophetic leader or diviner established his legitimacy during periods of peace so that he might lead the people during times of crisis. An examination of the prophetic institution among the Maasai and the relationship between the prophets and the members of the age-sets may provide some insight into the process, especially the manner in which prophets emerged as leaders of the people during two major crises in the history of the Purko-Kisongo Maasai: the Ilaikipiak war and the rinderpest pan-zootic.

ELIZABETHAN PURITANISM AND THE POLITICS OF MEMORY IN POST-MARIAN ENGLAND

2014 ◽  
Vol 57 (4) ◽  
pp. 899-919 ◽  
Author(s):  
ROBERT HARKINS
Keyword(s):  
Church Of England ◽  
Church And State ◽  
Religion And Politics ◽  
Elizabeth I ◽  
Politics Of Memory ◽  
Political Controversy ◽  
History Of ◽  
New Perspective ◽  
The Church

ABSTRACTThis article presents a new perspective on Elizabethan puritanism. In particular, it examines the ways in which the memory of Marian conformity continued to influence religious and political controversy during the reign of Elizabeth I. Drawing upon extensive archival evidence, it focuses on moments when the chequered pasts of Queen Elizabeth, William Cecil, and other chief officers of English church and state were called into question by puritan critics. In contrast to the prevailing narrative of Elizabethan triumphalism, it argues that late Tudor religion and politics were shaped by lingering puritan distrust of those who had revealed a propensity for idolatry by conforming during the Marian persecution. This fraught history of religious conformity meant that, for some puritans, the Church of England had been built on unstable foundations.

A LONGITUDINAL STUDY OF EATING DISORDERS AMONG COLLEGE WOMEN

1999 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 385-408 ◽  
Author(s):  
SHARLENE HESSE-BIBER ◽  
MARGARET MARINO ◽  
DIANE WATTS-ROY
Keyword(s):  
Body Image ◽  
Eating Disordered ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
College Population ◽  
History Of ◽  
Food Body ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Insight Into

This study provides insight into factors that determine whether women in the college population who exhibit eating-disordered behavior during their college years recover during their postcollege years. The study assessed changes in the eating patterns of 21 women across a six-year time period, from sophomore year in college to two years postcollege. Eleven of the women get better during their postcollege year, whereas 10 of the women continue to struggle with disordered eating. The major differences between the two groups revolve around the relationship between autonomy and relation. Women who get better negotiate the tension between autonomy and relatedness and are more likely to have higher selfesteem based on a more positive self-concept; this, in turn, leads to healthier relationships with food and body image. Two factors that appear to influence this negotiation include (I) one's history of chronic physical or sexual abuse and (2) the quality of familial messages about food, body image, relationship, and autonomy.

scholarly journals From credit to debt: A political history of English sovereign finance and money from the seventh century to the seventeenth

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 42-60
Author(s):  
Nicolas Dorn
Keyword(s):  
Seventeenth Century ◽  
Sovereign Debt ◽  
Eleventh Century ◽  
Seventh Century ◽  
Anglo Saxon ◽  
Modern Times ◽  
Sovereign Credit ◽  
History Of ◽  
Early Modern Times ◽  
New Perspective

This article provides a new perspective on sovereign finance and money in England from pre- modern to early modern times. Re-reading the literature on sovereign fiscality through the lens of sovereign jurisdictions and religious authority, it describes two distinct forms of sovereign finance: the rise and fall of sovereign credit from the seventh to eleventh century, followed by sovereign debt developing from the eleventh century into ‘modern’ sovereign debt from the seventeenth century onwards. In the early Anglo Saxon period, sovereign credit was given and received in non-monetised forms. It was when sovereign jurisdictions became too wide for labour and bulky produce to travel that tax was monetised. However, the monetisation of credit undermined the very sovereign-subject relation on which sovereign credit was based. After the introduction of short-term sovereign debt by the Normans, for the next five hundred years, the two distinct fiscal mechanisms of sovereign credit and sovereign debt ran in parallel, although the latter was restrained by the church’s prohibition of usury. In the seventeenth century, sovereign credit and sovereign debt became conjoined elements within one fiscal system, rather than separate mechanisms.

scholarly journals The Writer in the Landscape of the Smenovekhovstvo: Remizov and Prishvin

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 91-111
Author(s):  
Elena R. Obatnina ◽  
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
Individual Perception ◽  
Literary Process ◽  
History Of ◽  
Return Home ◽  
New Perspective ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Hill ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Creative Life

The article analyzes the ambiguous motives and reasons that in the early 1920s, both at home and in the diaspora, influenced the literary personality of the writer in such a way that it involuntarily acquired the features inherent in the Smenovekhovstvo movement. For the first two years in Germany, where he fled to escape the unbearable conditions of life in Russia, Alexey Remizov retained the right to return to Petrograd. Due to this voluntary position of a ”temporary” emigrant in the history of the literary process of the early 1920s, a number of events of his creative life was captured in the landscape of the Smenovekhovstvo. The article presents the first analysis of Remizov's essay ”The Hook. Petersburg’s Memory” (1922), which, at first glance, supports N. Ustryalov's program aimed at organizing the return of emigrants to their homeland. Individual perception of the Smenovekhovstvo ideologemes is discussed using the example of the behavior of two writers in a specific ideological situation. One is the case of Remizov as a “temporary” emigrant writer in 1921- 1923, the other is the case of Prishvin as a writer who, after the October coup, took the position of an “internal emigrant”. Based on Prishvin's diary, the article reveals the tragic story of the perception of Remizov's essay “The Hook” (1922) and the attitude of the two writers to the concept of ”patriotism”, one of the main motives of the “return home” movement. The article offers a new perspective on the history of the relationship between the two like-minded authors and restores the context of their unknown correspondence from 1922-1923, fragments of which have survived in Prishvin's diaries, and in one letter that was published as Prishvin's essay ”Sopka Mair ” (“The Hill Mair ”, 1922). The essay was addressed to Remizov and contained an ”answer ” to the essay ”The Hook”. This article is part of a study of Remizov’s works, viewed as a reflections of individual experience in the history of the first wave of Russian emigration.

scholarly journals «Så godt det lar sig gjøre» – kommenterade krigstidsbrev adresserade till Arthur Nordén från norska kollegor 1940–1945 

Viking ◽  
1970 ◽  
Vol 82 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joakim Goldhahn
Keyword(s):  
Personal Experience ◽  
Second World War ◽  
World War ◽  
Complex Issue ◽  
Nazi Occupation ◽  
History Of ◽  
Nuanced Understanding ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Second World ◽  
Insight Into

«As good as it can be done» – commented war letters from Norwegian colleagues to Arthur Nordén 1940–1945 This article is based on letters addressed to Arthur Nordén (1891–1965), from his Norwegian colleagues Anton Willhelm Brøgger (1884–1951) and Sverre Marstrander (1910–1986) during the Nazi occupation of Norway, which lasted from 9 April 1940 to 8 May 1945. The letters provide unique historical insights into Brøgger's and Marstrander's activities during the war and reveal how they were engaging with Swedish archaeological colleagues during the Nazi occupation of Norway. While there is no doubt the relationship between archaeology and Nazism during the Second World War is a complex issue, and one that has been addressed by a number of researchers (e.g. Nordenborg Myhre 1984, 2002; Hagen 2002), these letters reflect particular solidarity between Swedish and Norwegian colleagues. They act as aging photographs capturing unique insight into personal experience and agencies. The expressed solidarity in words and actions strengthened existing collegiality and friendships. The letters add to a more nuanced understanding of the history of our discipline. 

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