Advances in microbial control in IPM: entomopathogenic viruses

Biofilms formation by pathogens microbial Control considered important in medical research because it is the hazarded virulence factor leading to becoming difficult to treat because of its high resistance to antimicrobials. Glycopeptide antibiotic a (Vancomycin) and the commercial bacteriocin (Nisin A) were used to comparative with purification bacteriocin (MRSAcin) against MRSA biofilm. One hundred food samples were collected from Baghdad markets from July 2016 to September 2016, including (cheese, yogurt, raw milk, fried meat, grilled meat, and beef burger). All samples were cultures; S. aureus was confirmation by macroscopic culture and microscopic examination, in addition to biochemical tests. Methicillin resistance S. asureus (MRSA) were identification by antibiotic sensitivity test (AST), Vitek 2 system. The result shown the 60(60%) isolate were identified as S. aureus and 45(75%) gave positive result as MRSA isolate, M13 isolate was chosen as MRSA isolates highest biofilm formation for treatment with MRSAcin, Nisin A(bacteriocin) and Vancomycin (antibiotic) to compared the more antimicrobial have bacteriocidal effect. The sensitivity test uses to determine the effect of MRSAcin, Nisin A, and Vancomycin MIC on MRSA planktonic cell by (WDA). The new study shows the impacts of new kind Pure Bacteriocins (MRSAcin) from methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) highly effects then (Vancomycin and Nisin A) at different concentration. In a current study aimed to suggest new Bacteriocin is potent highly for the treatment of resistant bacteria biofilm infections in food preservatives

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A microbial treatment population dynamics optimization approach

Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems ◽

10.3233/jifs-210127 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-15

Author(s):

Jinding Gao

Keyword(s):

Population Dynamics ◽

Information Exchange ◽

Information Diffusion ◽

Optimization Problems ◽

Microbial Control ◽

Function Optimization ◽

Optimization Approach ◽

Dynamics Model ◽

Population Dynamics Model ◽

Number Of Individuals

In order to solve some function optimization problems, Population Dynamics Optimization Algorithm under Microbial Control in Contaminated Environment (PDO-MCCE) is proposed by adopting a population dynamics model with microbial treatment in a polluted environment. In this algorithm, individuals are automatically divided into normal populations and mutant populations. The number of individuals in each category is automatically calculated and adjusted according to the population dynamics model, it solves the problem of artificially determining the number of individuals. There are 7 operators in the algorithm, they realize the information exchange between individuals the information exchange within and between populations, the information diffusion of strong individuals and the transmission of environmental information are realized to individuals, the number of individuals are increased or decreased to ensure that the algorithm has global convergence. The periodic increase of the number of individuals in the mutant population can greatly increase the probability of the search jumping out of the local optimal solution trap. In the iterative calculation, the algorithm only deals with 3/500∼1/10 of the number of individual features at a time, the time complexity is reduced greatly. In order to assess the scalability, efficiency and robustness of the proposed algorithm, the experiments have been carried out on realistic, synthetic and random benchmarks with different dimensions. The test case shows that the PDO-MCCE algorithm has better performance and is suitable for solving some optimization problems with higher dimensions.

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Validation of a Novel Diagnostic Approach Combining the VersaTREK™ System for Recovery and Real-Time PCR for the Identification of Mycobacterium chimaera in Water Samples

Microorganisms ◽

10.3390/microorganisms9051031 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (5) ◽

pp. 1031

Author(s):

Roberto Zoccola ◽

Alessia Di Blasio ◽

Tiziana Bossotto ◽

Angela Pontei ◽

Maria Angelillo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Real Time ◽

Real Time Pcr ◽

Limit Of Detection ◽

Detection System ◽

Bacterial Load ◽

Microbial Control ◽

Hospital Setting ◽

Sample Volume ◽

Analytical Sensitivity ◽

Initial Water

Mycobacterium chimaera is an emerging pathogen associated with endocarditis and vasculitis following cardiac surgery. Although it can take up to 6–8 weeks to culture on selective solid media, culture-based detection remains the gold standard for diagnosis, so more rapid methods are urgently needed. For the present study, we processed environmental M. chimaera infected simulates at volumes defined in international guidelines. Each preparation underwent real-time PCR; inoculates were placed in a VersaTREK™ automated microbial detection system and onto selective Middlebrook 7H11 agar plates. The validation tests showed that real-time PCR detected DNA up to a concentration of 10 ng/µL. A comparison of the isolation tests showed that the PCR method detected DNA in a dilution of ×102 CFU/mL in the bacterial suspensions, whereas the limit of detection in the VersaTREK™ was <10 CFU/mL. Within less than 3 days, the VersaTREK™ detected an initial bacterial load of 100 CFU. The detection limit did not seem to be influenced by NaOH decontamination or the initial water sample volume; analytical sensitivity was 1.5 × 102 CFU/mL; positivity was determined in under 15 days. VersaTREK™ can expedite mycobacterial growth in a culture. When combined with PCR, it can increase the overall recovery of mycobacteria in environmental samples, making it potentially applicable for microbial control in the hospital setting and also in environments with low levels of contamination by viable mycobacteria.

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Biological Control of a Phytosanitary Pest (Thaumatotibia leucotreta): A Case Study

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph18031198 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (3) ◽

pp. 1198

Author(s):

Sean D. Moore

Keyword(s):

Biological Control ◽

Systems Approach ◽

Microbial Control ◽

Codling Moth ◽

Environmental Safety ◽

Control Measures ◽

Sub Saharan Africa ◽

The European Union ◽

Thaumatotibia Leucotreta ◽

Sub Saharan

Thaumatotibia leucotreta, known as the false codling moth, is a pest of citrus and other crops in sub-Saharan Africa. As it is endemic to this region and as South Africa exports most of its citrus around the world, T. leucotreta has phytosanitary status for most markets. This means that there is zero tolerance for any infestation with live larvae in the market. Consequently, control measures prior to exporting must be exemplary. Certain markets require a standalone postharvest disinfestation treatment for T. leucotreta. However, the European Union accepts a systems approach, consisting of three measures and numerous components within these measures. Although effective preharvest control measures are important under all circumstances, they are most critical where a standalone postharvest disinfestation treatment is not applied, such as within a systems approach. Conventional wisdom may lead a belief that effective chemical control tools are imperative to achieve this end. However, we demonstrate that it is possible to effectively control T. leucotreta to a level acceptable for a phytosanitary market, using only biological control tools. This includes parasitoids, predators, microbial control, semiochemicals, and sterile insects. Simultaneously, on-farm and environmental safety is improved and compliance with the increasing stringency of chemical residue requirements imposed by markets is achieved.

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Quantifying microbial control of soil organic matter dynamics at macrosystem scales

Biogeochemistry ◽

10.1007/s10533-021-00789-5 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Mark A. Bradford ◽

Stephen A. Wood ◽

Ethan T. Addicott ◽

Eli P. Fenichel ◽

Nicholas Fields ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Organic Matter ◽

Soil Organic Matter ◽

Microbial Control ◽

Soil Organic Matter Dynamics ◽

Organic Matter Dynamics

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Ozonized Water in Microbial Control: Analysis of the Stability, In Vitro Biocidal Potential, and Cytotoxicity

Biology ◽

10.3390/biology10060525 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (6) ◽

pp. 525

Author(s):

Laerte Marlon Conceição dos Santos ◽

Eduardo Santos da Silva ◽

Fabricia Oliveira Oliveira ◽

Leticia de Alencar Pereira Rodrigues ◽

Paulo Roberto Freitas Neves ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Microbial Control ◽

Fibroblast Cell ◽

In Vitro Assays ◽

Control Analysis ◽

Cytotoxic Effects ◽

Cell Wall Lysis ◽

Osmotic Stability ◽

Human Ear ◽

The Stability

O3 dissolved in water (or ozonized water) has been considered a potent antimicrobial agent, and this study aimed to test this through microbiological and in vitro assays. The stability of O3 was accessed following modifications of the physicochemical parameters of water, such as the temperature and pH, with or without buffering. Three concentrations of O3 (0.4, 0.6, and 0.8 ppm) dissolved in water were tested against different microorganisms, and an analysis of the cytotoxic effects was also conducted using the human ear fibroblast cell line (Hfib). Under the physicochemical conditions of 4 °C and pH 5, O3 remained the most stable and concentrated compared to pH 7 and water at 25 °C. Exposure to ozonized water resulted in high mortality rates for Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus faecalis, and Candida albicans. Scanning electron micrograph images indicate that the effects on osmotic stability due to cell wall lysis might be one of the killing mechanisms of ozonized water. The biocidal agent was biocompatible and presented no cytotoxic effect against Hfib cells. Therefore, due to its cytocompatibility and biocidal action, ozonized water can be considered a viable alternative for microbial control, being possible, for example, its use in disinfection processes.

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